International Differences in Health, Longevity, and SES

健康、长寿和社会经济地位方面的国际差异

基本信息

批准号：
8907872
负责人：
James Patrick Smith
金额：
$ 31.22万
依托单位：
RAND CORPORATION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-09-01 至 2019-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8907872
关键词：
Accounting Adult Affect Age American Americas Behavior Biological Markers Childhood Chronic Colon Carcinoma Country Data Diagnosis Disadvantaged Disease Early Diagnosis Economics Education Elderly England Europe European Event Family Feedback Future Goals Government Health Health Insurance Health Status Health Transition Household Household Products Incidence Income Individual Institution International Life Longevity Longitudinal Surveys Malignant Neoplasms Malignant neoplasm of prostate Measures Mental Depression Mental Health Methodology Methods Morbidity - disease rate Outcome Pathway interactions Patient Self-Report Personal Satisfaction Prevalence Principal Investigator Reaction Recording of previous events Research Resources Rest Retirement Screening for cancer Security Series Socioeconomic Status Source Surveys System Testing United States Variant Wages Western World age group base behavioral response cancer type comparative conditioning design innovation insight malignant breast neoplasm middle age mortality neoplasm registry physical conditioning population based respiratory satisfaction screening social

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Our first objective examines impacts of early life conditions and childhood health across a set of European countries and the US on salient later life adult outcomes including adult health and socioeconomic status (SES). Differences in early life conditions are potentially an important source of international differences in adult health. Second, we will study dual pathways between SES and health with an emphasis on England and America. Pathways from SES to health are explored by examining whether future onsets of new chronic conditions using self-reports and biomarkers of disease are related to key SES markers- income, wealth, and education. We will examine whether "innovations" in economic status affect health-especially during the recent financial crisis. Health feedbacks to labor supply, income, and wealth may be quantitatively important. Health outcomes include physical and mental health, including depression, psycho-social health, overall well-being, and life satisfaction. Our third specific aim examines the relationship between alternative measures of SES and subsequent all cause and cause-specific incident mortality in England and the US. Access to financial resources may be essential in dealing with consequences of health problems after they occur. The final specific aim will examine whether differential cancer screening rates can account for significant parts of country differences in cancer rates, especially those to the disfavor of the United States. Screening is known to vary across types of cancer and is believed to be more aggressive for breast, colon, and prostate cancer in the US than the UK and low for respiratory cancer.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们的第一个目标是研究欧洲国家和美国的早期生活条件和儿童健康对成年后的显着结果的影响，包括成人健康和社会经济地位（SES）。早期生活条件的差异可能是成人健康国际差异的重要根源。其次，我们将研究社会经济地位与健康之间的双重路径，重点是英国和美国。通过使用自我报告和疾病生物标志物检查新的慢性病的未来发病是否与关键的 SES 标志物（收入、财富和教育）相关，探索从 SES 到健康的途径。我们将研究经济状况的“创新”是否会影响健康——尤其是在最近的金融危机期间。对劳动力供应、收入和财富的健康反馈可能在数量上很重要。健康结果包括身心健康，包括抑郁、心理社会健康、整体幸福感和生活满意度。我们的第三个具体目标是研究英格兰和美国的 SES 替代措施与随后的全因和特定原因事故死亡率之间的关系。获得财政资源对于处理健康问题发生后的后果可能至关重要。最终的具体目标将研究不同的癌症筛查率是否可以解释部分国家癌症发病率的显着差异，尤其是那些对美国不利的国家。众所周知，不同类型的癌症的筛查有所不同，据信美国对乳腺癌、结肠癌和前列腺癌的筛查比英国更具侵略性，而对呼吸道癌的筛查则较低。