Social Networks and Technology Use of Transgender Women with/at High Risk for HIV

艾滋病毒高危跨性别女性的社交网络和技术使用

• 批准号: 8828162
• 负责人: Cathy J Reback
• 金额: $ 15.68万
• 依托单位: FRIENDS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-04-01 至 2017-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8828162
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Affect; African American; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Behavioral; Characteristics; Communities; County; Data; Development; Discrimination; Economics; Elements; Face; Feedback; Female; Focus Groups; Gender Identity; Goals; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV risk; Health; Homelessness; Hormones; Individual; Institutes; Intervention; Interview; Latina; Lead; Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Intersex; Los Angeles; Maps; Measures; Modeling; Native Americans; Network-based; Participant; Pattern; Phase; Population; Prejudice; Prevalence; Preventive Intervention; Public Health; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Sampling; Social Network; Social support; Societies; Specific qualifier value; Structure; Technology; Testing; Unemployment; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; base; behavioral/social science; cofactor; density; design; efficacy testing; high risk; housing instability; injection drug use; innovation; male; member; protective behavior; response; sex; social; social capital; social exclusion; social networking website; social stigma; tool; transgender; transgender women; transmission process; transphobia

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): High-risk male-to-female transgender women (hereafter "transwomen") face numerous concurrent cofactors for HIV acquisition and transmission including substance use, engagement in sex work, unemployment, low educational attainment, homelessness and hormone misuse. In Los Angeles County, estimates of HIV prevalence among transwomen are 15% overall, and 17% among Latinas, 29% among Native Americans, and 48% among African American/black transwomen. As a result of discrimination/stigma, prejudice, and individual and structural forms of transphobia, transwomen form dense communities comprised primarily of other transwomen. Transwomen use social network sites (SNS) and technology-based ("tech") networking platforms to develop social support structures, connect with members of their community, receive positive and re- affirming perspectives on their gender identity, and inform behavioral norms and gain access to transgender specific resources (e.g., illegal hormones, sex work partners). In response to PA-12-113, "Research on the Health of LGBTI Populations," and consistent with the priorities for behavioral and social sciences outlined in the HIV-Related Research Plan put forward by the Office of AIDS Research of the National Institutes of Health and the Trans-NIH plan for 2014, this proposed project seeks to conduct formative research to examine how the egocentric structure and composition of transwomens' social networks and SNS/tech use affect their engagement in HIV risk/protective behaviors. During Phase 1, focus groups will be conducted to guide the development of culturally competent assessments (an iPad Social Network Interview [SNI] and ACASI), which will then undergo a feasibility pilot test. During Phase 2, a diverse sample of transwomen (N=300) will be recruited to complete the two-part assessment. The specific aims of this research are: 1) Develop and assess the feasibility and utility of culturally competent assessments to study the social networks, HIV risk/protective behaviors, and SNS/tech use of transwomen; 2) Determine how characteristics of transwomen's social networks, as well as the behavior of other people (i.e., "alters") in those networks, influence engagement in HIV risk/protective behaviors; and, 3) Determine how SNS/tech use with network alters influences participants' engagement in HIV risk/protective behaviors. Statistical analyses will use hierarchically clustered models that nest participants within their reported social networks. The proposed research will specify the social network dynamics driving transwomen's HIV risk/protective behaviors to inform the development a R34 application to test the efficacy of a culturally competent SNS/tech-based HIV intervention tailored specifically for transwomen.

描述（由申请人提供）：高风险男变女跨性别女性（以下简称“跨性别女性”）面临许多艾滋病毒感染和传播的并发辅助因素，包括药物使用、从事性工作、失业、教育程度低、无家可归和激素滥用。在洛杉矶县，跨性别女性中的艾滋病毒感染率估计为 15%，拉丁裔中为 17%，美洲原住民中为 29%，非裔美国人/黑人跨性别女性中为 48%。由于歧视/耻辱、偏见以及个人和结构形式的跨性别恐惧症，跨性别女性形成了主要由其他跨性别女性组成的密集社区。跨性别女性使用社交网站（SNS）和基于技术（“科技”）的网络平台来发展社会支持结构，与社区成员建立联系，接受对其性别认同的积极和重新肯定的观点，并告知行为规范和收益获得跨性别特定资源（例如非法激素、性工作伙伴）。响应 PA-12-113“LGBTI 人群健康研究”，并符合美国国立卫生研究院艾滋病研究办公室提出的艾滋病毒相关研究计划中概述的行为和社会科学优先事项健康与跨性别国家卫生研究院 2014 年计划，该拟议项目旨在进行形成性研究，以研究跨性别女性社交网络的自我中心结构和组成以及 SNS/技术的使用如何影响她们参与艾滋病毒感染风险/保护行为。在第一阶段，将进行焦点小组指导文化能力评估（iPad 社交网络访谈 [SNI] 和 ACASI）的制定，然后进行可行性试点测试。在第二阶段，将招募不同的变性女性样本（N = 300）来完成由两部分组成的评估。本研究的具体目标是： 1) 开发和评估文化上的可行性和效用 研究跨性别女性的社交网络、艾滋病毒风险/保护行为以及 SNS/技术使用的有效评估； 2) 确定跨性别女性社交网络的特征以及这些网络中其他人的行为（即“改变”）如何影响艾滋病毒风险/保护行为的参与； 3) 确定 SNS/网络技术的使用如何影响参与者参与艾滋病毒风险/保护行为。统计分析将使用分层聚类模型，将参与者嵌套在其报告的社交网络中。拟议的研究将详细说明驱动跨性别女性艾滋病毒风险/保护行为的社交网络动态，为 R34 应用程序的开发提供信息，以测试专门为跨性别女性量身定制的、具有文化能力的 SNS/基于技术的艾滋病毒干预措施的功效。