Examining the Sources and Implications of Genetic Homophily in Social Networks

检查社交网络中遗传同质性的来源和影响

• 批准号: 8775433
• 负责人: Jason Michael Fletcher
• 金额: $ 18.24万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-04-01 至 2015-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8775433
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Area; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Genetics; Biological Sciences; Data; Data Set; Data Sources; Discipline; Elements; Explosion; Friends; Friendships; Genetic; Genetic Determinism; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetic Variation; Genotype; Grouping; Health; Health behavior; Indium; Individual; Interdisciplinary Study; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Methods; Molecular Genetics; Neighborhoods; Occupations; Outcome; Pathway Analysis; Police; Policies; Research; Research Personnel; Sampling; Schools; Series; Shapes; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Social Network; Social Policies; Social Sciences; Source; Structure; Students; Surveys; Testing; Time; Wisconsin; Work; contextual factors; feeding; high school; improved; innovation; interest; knowledge base; network models; population health; preference; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although social network analysis has shaped many literatures across several disciplines, there remain many core elements of social networks that are incompletely understood. The critical determinants of social tie formation and the effects of social networks on health are two primary examples of current incomplete scientific understanding of social networks in need of further research attention. In particular, there is ver limited understanding of how genetic factors may interact with social structures, such as schools, occupations, neighborhoods, etc. to both influence social tie formation as well as impact health. In addition, it is unclear how existing social policies, such as the tracking of students within schools, may shape and constrain social network formation opportunities, and thus impact health. The overall aim of this proposal is to explore the interplay between genetic variation, social structure, social tie formation, and individual health outcomes. This proposal is innovative in that all our aims will provide some of the first available evidence of these question in the literature. Our interdisciplinary research team will be able to accomplish this by leveragin newly collected and unique data that contain several key ingredients only recently made available in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) and the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS): information on social network ties, health information, genetic information, and highly geographically clustered samples. The use of multiple complementary datasets also allows a core focus on replicating findings and extending empirical approaches consistent with the unique structure of each dataset. Using these data, we will address current gaps in the research knowledge base by pursuing the following aims: (1) Increase understanding of the level of genetic homophily within social networks and understand its sources and (2) Increase understanding of the interplay between school policies and genetic variation in determining health behaviors. Our first aim will both document the level of genetic homophily in adolescent friendship networks from two datasets collected nearly 40 years apart but will also test specific hypotheses regarding the potential sources of genetic homophily. Our first aim will focus on separating genetic homophily from behavioral homophily and separating the influences of preferences for social ties who are genetically similar with the influence of social structures (i.e. schools) that shape and constrain the opportunities to form social ties. Together, these aims will provide new evidence of the interplay between social networks, social structure and policies, genetics, and health. Our proposal has the potential to contribute to the theoretical literature on social networks as well as the empirical literature on consequences of social networks.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管社交网络分析已塑造了几个学科的许多文献，但社交网络的许多核心要素仍未被理解。社会关系形成和社交网络对健康的影响的关键决定因素是当前对需要进一步研究关注的社交网络不完整的科学理解的两个主要例子。特别是，人们对遗传因素如何与社会结构（例如学校，职业，社区等）相互作用的了解有限，以影响社会扎根形成以及影响健康。此外，尚不清楚现有的社会政策（例如学校中的学生跟踪）如何塑造和限制社交网络形成机会，从而影响健康。该提案的总体目的是探索遗传变异，社会结构，社会关系形成和个人健康结果之间的相互作用。该提议是 创新的目的是，我们所有的目标都将为文献中的一些第一个可用的证据提供。我们的跨学科研究团队将能够通过勒弗拉金（Leveragin）新收集的和独特的数据来实现这一目标，这些数据仅在国家青少年健康纵向研究（ADD Health）和威斯康星州纵向研究（WLS）和威斯康星州的纵向研究（WLS）中提供：有关社交网络关系，健康信息，遗传信息，高度地理位置上的样品。使用多个补充数据集的使用还允许核心重点在复制发现并扩展与每个数据集的唯一结构一致的经验方法。使用这些数据，我们将通过追求以下目的来解决研究知识基础中的当前差距：（1）在社交网络中提高对遗传同质水平的了解，并了解其来源，以及（2）在确定健康行为方面对学校政策和遗传变异之间的相互作用的了解。我们的第一个目标都将记录来自相隔近40年的两个数据集中的青少年友谊网络中的遗传同质性水平，但还将检验有关遗传同质性潜在来源的特定假设。我们的第一个目标将集中于将遗传同质性与行为同质性分开，并将偏好的影响分开与与社会结构（即学校）的影响（即学校）的影响相似的社会联系的影响，这些社会结构（即学校）形成了形成社会关系的机会。这些目标共同提供了社交网络，社会结构和政策，遗传学和健康之间相互作用的新证据。我们的建议有可能为社交网络的理论文献以及社交网络后果的经验文献做出贡献。