Neurobiological consequences of binge alcohol consumption in young adults

年轻人酗酒的神经生物学后果

• 批准号: 8208226
• 负责人: MARISA M SILVERI
• 金额: $ 31.96万
• 依托单位: MCLEAN HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-01-04 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8208226
• 关键词: 21 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adult; Age; Age-Years; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; Anterior; Area; Brain; Brain region; California; Cerebrum; Choline; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Data; Decision Making; Detection; Development; Female; Functional disorder; Future; Glutamates; Impulsive Behavior; Impulsivity; Inositol; Learning; Light; Literature; Magnetic Resonance; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Measures; Mediating; Memory; Methods; N-acetylaspartate; Neurobiology; Occipital lobe; Parietal; Pattern; Performance; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Protons; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Risk Factors; Sex Characteristics; Staging; Techniques; Testing; Time; Verbal Learning; Work; alcohol effect; alcohol use disorder; association cortex; binge drinking; cingulate cortex; cognitive function; cohort; design; drinking; emerging adulthood; executive function; frontal lobe; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; interest; magnetic field; male; morris water maze; neuropsychological; novel; problem drinker; public health relevance; response; sex; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The aim of our proposed study is to examine the effects of binge alcohol consumption on brain metabolites and cognitive function in 18-24 year olds using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and neuropsychological assessment. The final stages of fine-tuning in frontal and association cortices that occur during this period of "emerging adulthood" permit notable improvements in frontally mediated decision-making and response inhibition abilities, while decreasing impulsive behavior. Previous work has identified that heavy alcohol consumption is associated with structural and functional brain abnormalities, and altered cerebral metabolites. These alterations, which are particularly prominent in the prefrontal cortex, likely contribute to alcohol-related executive function deficits, supporting a frontal dysfunction hypothesis in alcohol use disorders. This proposal will use specialized proton (1H) MRS techniques to quantify and compare proton metabolites in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and parieto-occipital cortex (POC) of 18-24 year old male and female binge (BD) and light alcohol drinkers (LD). A novel component of this proposal is the ability to reliably detect and quantify GABA and glutamate, central targets of alcohol action, in the prefrontal cortex using MEGAPRESS and 2D-JPRESS. N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), choline, and myo-inositol (myo-I), reported to show alterations in heavy alcohol users, will also be examined in this proposal. Spectroscopic data will be examined relative to cognitive performance, with a focus on executive functioning, a frontally mediated area of cognition most widely reported to show deficits in alcohol use disorders. The results of this study will have significant relevance for public health concern, as identification of neurobiological correlates associated with binge alcohol consumption during "emerging adulthood" will help fill a gap in the existing literature on brain alcohol effects in a population that demonstrates not only the highest rate of binge drinking, but also the highest rate of alcohol abuse and dependence. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The overall aim of our proposed study is to examine the effects of binge alcohol consumption on brain metabolites in 18-24 year subjects by applying magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) single voxel methods to reliably detect and quantify GABA, glutamate, and other proton metabolites, in the anterior cingulate region of the prefrontal cortex at 4 Tesla. Spectroscopic data will be examined relative to cognitive performance, with a focus on executive functioning, a frontally mediated area of cognition most widely reported to show deficits in alcohol use disorders. The results of this study will have significant relevance for public health concern, as identification of neurobiological correlates associated with binge alcohol consumption during "emerging adulthood" will help fill a gap in the existing literature on brain alcohol effects in a population that demonstrates not only the highest rate of binge drinking, but also the highest rate of alcohol abuse and dependence.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们提出的研究的目的是利用磁共振波谱 (MRS) 和神经心理学评估来检查酗酒对 18-24 岁青少年大脑代谢和认知功能的影响。在“成年初期”时期发生的额叶和联合皮层微调的最后阶段可以显着改善额叶介导的决策和反应抑制能力，同时减少冲动行为。之前的研究已经发现，大量饮酒与大脑结构和功能异常以及大脑代谢物改变有关。这些改变在前额皮质中尤为突出，可能导致与酒精相关的执行功能缺陷，支持酒精使用障碍中的额叶功能障碍假说。该提案将使用专门的质子 (1H) MRS 技术来量化和比较 18-24 岁男性和女性酗酒 (BD) 和轻度饮酒者的前扣带皮层 (ACC) 和顶枕叶皮层 (POC) 中的质子代谢物（LD）。该提案的一个新颖组成部分是能够使用 MEGAPRESS 和 2D-​​JPRESS 可靠地检测和量化前额皮质中 GABA 和谷氨酸（酒精作用的核心目标）。据报道，N-乙酰天冬氨酸（NAA）、胆碱和肌醇（myo-I）在重度饮酒者中表现出变化，也将在本提案中进行研究。将检查与认知表现相关的光谱数据，重点是执行功能，这是最广泛报道的显示酒精使用障碍缺陷的额介导认知区域。这项研究的结果将对公众健康问题具有重大意义，因为识别与“成年初期”期间酗酒相关的神经生物学相关性将有助于填补现有文献中关于酒精对人群脑部影响的空白，该空白不仅证明了酗酒率最高，但酒精滥用和依赖率也最高。 公共卫生相关性： 我们提出的研究的总体目标是通过应用磁共振波谱 (MRS) 单体素方法来可靠地检测和量化 GABA、谷氨酸和其他质子代谢物，以检查酗酒对 18-24 岁受试者大脑代谢物的影响。位于前额叶皮层的前扣带回区域，能量为 4 特斯拉。将检查与认知表现相关的光谱数据，重点是执行功能，这是最广泛报道的显示酒精使用障碍缺陷的额介导认知区域。这项研究的结果将对公众健康问题具有重大意义，因为识别与“成年初期”期间酗酒相关的神经生物学相关性将有助于填补现有文献中关于酒精对人群脑部影响的空白，该空白不仅证明了酗酒率最高，但酒精滥用和依赖率也最高。