Childhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Antisocial Behavior: Investigating the Role of Reward Processing

童年社会经济劣势和反社会行为：调查奖励处理的作用

基本信息

批准号：
10677099
负责人：
Heidi Beth Westerman
金额：
$ 4.05万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-05-01 至 2026-04-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10677099
关键词：
21 year old Address Adolescence Adolescent Adult Affective African American Age Aggressive behavior Anxiety Architecture Behavior Biological Birth Brain Child Welfare Childhood Clinical Cohort Studies Communities Conduct Disorder Corpus striatum structure Data Analyses Development Disadvantaged Emotions Environment Exposure to Family Fellowship Goals Health Promotion Human Imprisonment Income Intervention Lifestyle-related condition Link Low Income Population Low income Manuscripts Measures Mental Depression Mental disorders Mentorship Methodology Methods Michigan Motivation Neurophysiology - biologic function Nucleus Accumbens Outcome Play Poverty Prevention Process Psychiatric Diagnosis Psychopathology Publications Recording of previous events Research Research Project Grants Rewards Risk Risk Factors Role Sampling Shapes Societies Statistical Models Stress Structure Substance Use Disorder Support System System Testing Training Universities Ventral Striatum Youth affective neuroscience antisocial behavior biopsychosocial career cognitive control cost emerging adult gray matter insight multimodal neuroimaging neural neural correlate neurobiological mechanism neurodevelopment neuroimaging neuromechanism perpetrators putamen reward anticipation reward processing skills societal costs socioeconomic adversity socioeconomic disadvantage urban setting young adult

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY The goal of this fellowship is to prepare applicant, Heidi Westerman, for an independent research career focused on the biopsychosocial determinants of antisocial behavior (AB). The proposed fellowship consists of: 1) a research project that will further our understanding of the impact of socioeconomic disadvantage on brain structure and function and AB, and 2) a training plan comprised of formal training, mentorship, manuscript publications, and professional development activities. The applicant will be supported by a strong mentorship team with primary sponsors at the University of Michigan and consultants at Harvard, Northwestern, and University of Pittsburgh. Together, the mentorship team will provide expertise in socioeconomic adversity, neuroimaging, stress, reward processing, longitudinal data analysis, and the development of AB. The training plan will help the applicant: a) develop expertise in associations between socioeconomic disadvantage, neural reward-processing, and AB, b) develop strong, advanced quantitative methodological skills, and c) disseminate research findings and network with the developmental, clinical, and neuroscientific research communities. AB, including the psychiatric diagnosis of Conduct Disorder, leads to severe consequences for perpetrators, victims, and society. Socioeconomic disadvantage has been identified as a risk factor for engagement in AB. Though neural research related to poverty has mostly focused on affective and cognitive control, recent studies suggest that socioeconomic disadvantage may be associated with alterations in the reward-related corticostriatal circuit. Moreover, recent neuroimaging research has uncovered reward-related neural correlates of AB, offering a potential mechanism through which socioeconomic disadvantage may shape reward processing and increase risk for AB-related disorders. The proposed project will examine: 1) whether AB is associated with altered reactivity to reward anticipation and receipt in the corticostriatal system, as well as decreased grey matter volume in the ventral striatum and the orbitofrontal cortex; 2) whether socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with altered reward-related activity in the ventral striatum and decreased grey matter volume in the ventral striatum and the orbitofrontal cortex; 3) whether reactivity to reward or differences in grey matter volume provide a mechanism through which socioeconomic disadvantage increases risk for AB. All aims will be investigated in the Study of Adolescent to Adult Neural Development (a sub-sample of the larger Fragile Families and Child-Wellbeing Study), a large longitudinal neuroimaging study of mostly low- income individuals who are currently entering young adulthood (R01-MH121079; R01 MH103761). The proposed research addresses long-standing questions of the neural mechanisms linking adversity with AB. Our findings will shed light on reward-related neural contributions to the development of AB and lay the groundwork for investigating prevention and intervention for those at risk for detrimental outcomes.

项目概要该奖学金的目标是帮助申请人 Heidi Westerman 为独立研究生涯做好准备专注于反社会行为（AB）的生物心理社会决定因素。拟议的研究金包括： 1）一个研究项目，将进一步了解社会经济劣势对大脑的影响结构和功能以及 AB，以及 2) 培训计划，包括正式培训、指导、手稿出版物和专业发展活动。申请人将得到强有力的指导的支持团队由密歇根大学的主要赞助商以及哈佛大学、西北大学和匹兹堡大学。导师团队将共同提供社会经济逆境方面的专业知识，神经影像、压力、奖励处理、纵向数据分析和 AB 的发展。培训内容计划将帮助申请人：a）发展社会经济劣势、神经劣势之间关联的专业知识奖励处理，AB，b) 培养强大、先进的定量方法技能，以及 c) 传播研究成果以及与发育、临床和神经科学研究界的网络。 AB，包括行为障碍的精神病学诊断，会给犯罪者带来严重的后果，受害者和社会。社会经济劣势已被确定为参与 AB 的风险因素。尽管与贫困相关的神经研究主要集中在情感和认知控制上，但最近的研究表明社会经济劣势可能与奖励相关的变化有关皮质纹状体回路。此外，最近的神经影像学研究发现了与奖励相关的神经相关性 AB，提供了一种潜在的机制，通过该机制，社会经济劣势可以塑造奖励处理并增加 AB 相关疾病的风险。拟议的项目将检查：1）AB 是否与皮质纹状体系统中奖励预期和接收的反应性改变有关，以及腹侧纹状体和眶额皮质灰质体积减少； 2）是否社会经济缺点与腹侧纹状体奖励相关活动的改变和灰质减少有关腹侧纹状体和眶额皮质的物质体积； 3）是否对奖励或差异有反应灰质体积的增加提供了一种机制，通过这种机制，社会经济劣势会增加 AB 的风险。所有目标都将在青少年至成人神经发育研究（青少年至成人神经发育研究的子样本）中进行调查更大的脆弱家庭和儿童福祉研究），一项大型纵向神经影像学研究，对象大多是低收入家庭目前进入青年期的收入个人（R01-MH121079；R01 MH103761）。拟议的研究解决了将逆境与逆境联系起来的神经机制的长期存在的问题。 AB。我们的研究结果将揭示奖励相关的神经对 AB 发展的贡献，并奠定为调查针对那些面临有害结果风险的人的预防和干预奠定基础。