Drug Abuse, Incarceration & Health Disparities in HIV/AIDS: A Longitudinal Study

药物滥用、监禁

基本信息

批准号：
8213564
负责人：
LINDA A TEPLIN
金额：
$ 258.85万
依托单位：
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-03-15 至 2014-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8213564
关键词：
18 year old AIDS/HIV problem Academic achievement Accounting Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Address Admission activity Adolescence Adolescent Adolescent Risk Behavior Adult Affect African African American Age Aging Alcohol or Other Drugs use Alcohols Antibodies Anus Area Authorization documentation Back Behavior Biological Assay Cervical dysplasia Cessation of life Characteristics Chicago Child Child Abuse and Neglect Chlamydia Chlamydia trachomatis Clinical Cohort Studies Communities Complex Contracts County Crime Data Decision Making Dependence Development Drug Use Disorder Drug abuse Drug usage Electronics Employment Enrollment Enzyme Immunoassay Epidemic Epidemiology Ethnic Origin Ethnic group Event FDA approved Female Freedom Frequencies Funding General Population Genital system Goals Gonorrhea Grant HIV HIV Infections HIV-1 Health Health Policy Health Services Healthy People 2010 Herpes Simplex Infections Heterosexuals Hispanics Housing Human Papillomavirus Illicit Drugs Illinois Imprisonment Incidence Individual Infant Infection Injecting drug user Injection of therapeutic agent Institute of Medicine (U.S.)Institutes Intervention Interview Jail Judgment Justice Kinetics Lead Length Length of Stay Life Life Style Liquid substance Literature Longitudinal Studies Longitudinal Surveys Mediating Mediator of activation protein Mental Health Mental disorders Methods Minority Minority Groups Modeling Monitor NIH Program Announcements National Institute of Drug Abuse National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Needle Sharing Needles Neighborhoods Neisseria gonorrhoeae Not Hispanic or Latino Onset of illness Oral Outcome Participant Patient Self-Report Pattern Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Phase Population Prevalence Prisons Process Public Health Publishing Race Recommendation Recording of previous events Records Recurrence Reporting Request for Applications Research Risk Risk Assessment Risk Behaviors Risk Factors Route Saliva Sampling Screening procedure Services Sex Behavior Sex Characteristics Sexually Transmitted Diseases Social Network Social support Solutions Source Specimen Staging Subgroup Substance Use Disorder Surgeon Surveys Syphilis System Techniques Testing Time Trichomonas Infections Ulcer Underrepresented Minority United States National Institutes of Health Unsafe Sex Urine Vagina Viral hepatitis Woman Work Youth age difference age group aged alcohol and other drug alcohol use disorder cooking cost effective deviant emerging adulthood experience follow-up health disparity health record high risk high risk behavior high risk sexual behavior high school innovation interest intravenous drug use juvenile justice system male men who have sex with men middle school national surveillance offender parole probation prospective racial and ethnic racial and ethnic disparities racial/ethnic difference service utilization sex sex risk statistics surveillance data surveillance study transcription mediated amplification transmission process young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of this project is to address how disproportionate confinement of racial/ethnic minorities-especially African Americans-affects health disparities in the HIV/AIDS epidemic. African Americans comprise only 13% of the general population, but about 40% of incarcerated youth and adults and 50% of new cases of HIV/AIDS. Yet, large multisite national longitudinal studies of HIV/AIDS focus on high- risk samples such as men who have sex with men (MACS), women infected with HIV and other "at-risk" females (WIHS), and infected women and their infants (WITS). These studies do not include adolescents, do not sample correctional populations, and do not examine the effect of incarceration on HIV/AIDS. Most studies of incarcerated populations are cross-sectional and provide limited information on the effects of incarceration. To continue to address this key omission in the literature, we propose to extend the Northwestern Juvenile Project, a longitudinal study of 1829 juvenile justice youth, enrolled at age 10-18 years (1172 males, 657 females; 1005 African Americans, 296 non-Hispanic whites, 524 Hispanics, and 4 "other" race/ethnicity). Currently, the HIV/AIDS component of the project (RO1 DA022953) includes only a subsample (n=743) and 10-, 11-, 12-, and 13-year follow-up interviews. We now propose to (1) study the entire sample (originally 1829, now 1678); (2) conduct 3 additional annual interviews (14-, 15-, and 16-year follow-ups), at which time participants will be aged 26-34 years; (3) collect official records to cross-validate self-reported data (on STI status, arrests, incarceration history, and services received); (4) test the entire sample for HIV infection, chlamydia, and gonorrhea; and (5) administer a new module on incarceration, release, and re-entry. Participants are re-interviewed whether they are re-incarcerated or back in the community. Using data collected in prior phases and the additional interviews, we will examine patterns of drug use, drug use disorder, HIV/AIDS risk and infection from adolescence (ages 10-17 years) to emerging adulthood (ages 18-24 years) and young adulthood (age 25 and older). Our Specific Aims focus on how incarceration, release, and re-entry (e.g., age[s] incarcerated, number of incarcerations, length of incarcerations, amount of time spent in the community between incarcerations) affect the following: (1) drug use behaviors (including the number and types of substances used, frequency of use, and route of administration) and drug use disorders (onset, persistence, desistance, and recurrence); (2) HIV/AIDS sex risk behaviors (including unprotected anal or vaginal receptive sex and trading sex for drugs) and injection-risk behaviors; (3) prevalence and incidence of HIV infection and other STIs; (4) the relationship between patterns of drug use and disorder and HIV/AIDS risk behaviors, especially how risk and protective factors predict, moderate, and mediate these relationships. This study responds to the initiatives of NIDA, NIAAA, and other NIH institutes to reduce health disparities in HIV/AIDS in minority populations.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的总体目标是解决对少数种族/族裔（尤其是非裔美国人）的不成比例的限制如何影响艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行中的健康差异。非裔美国人仅占总人口的 13%，但约占被监禁青少年和成年人的 40%，占新艾滋病毒/艾滋病病例的 50%。然而，针对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的大型多地点国家纵向研究侧重于高风险样本，例如男男性行为者 (MACS)、感染艾滋病毒的妇女和其他“高危”女性 (WIHS)、以及受感染的妇女及其子女。婴儿（WITS）。这些研究不包括青少年，不对惩教人口进行抽样，也不检查监禁对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的影响。大多数对被监禁人群的研究都是横断面的，并且提供的关于监禁影响的信息有限。为了继续解决文献中的这一关键遗漏，我们建议扩展西北青少年项目，这是一项针对 1829 名 10-18 岁少年司法青少年的纵向研究（1172 名男性，657 名女性；1005 名非裔美国人，296 名非裔美国人）。西班牙裔白人、524 名西班牙裔人和 4 名“其他”种族/民族）。目前，该项目的艾滋病毒/艾滋病部分 (RO1 DA022953) 仅包括子样本 (n=743) 和 10 年、11 年、12 年和 13 年的后续访谈。我们现在建议（1）研究整个样本（最初是1829年，现在是1678年）； (2) 进行3次额外的年度访谈（14年、15年和16年随访），此时参与者的年龄为26-34岁； (3) 收集官方记录以交叉验证自我报告的数据（关于性传播感染状况、逮捕、监禁历史和接受的服务）； (4) 对整个样本进行HIV感染、衣原体和淋病检测； (5) 管理关于监禁、释放和重新入境的新模块。无论参与者是被重新监禁还是回到社区，他们都会被重新采访。利用前期阶段收集的数据和额外访谈，我们将研究从青春期（10-17 岁）到成年初期（18-24 岁）和青少年的吸毒模式、吸毒障碍、艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险和感染情况。成年期（25 岁及以上）。我们的具体目标侧重于监禁、释放和重新进入（例如，监禁年龄、监禁次数、监禁时长、两次监禁之间在社区度过的时间）如何影响以下方面：(1) 吸毒行为（包括使用物质的数量和类型、使用频率和给药途径）和药物使用障碍（发作、持续、停止和复发）；（二）艾滋病毒/艾滋病性危险行为（包括无保护的肛交或阴道性交以及以性换取毒品）和注射危险行为； (3) HIV感染和其他性传播感染的流行率和发病率； (4) 吸毒模式和疾病与艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险行为之间的关系，特别是风险和保护因素如何预测、调节和调节这些关系。这项研究响应了 NIDA、NIAAA 和其他 NIH 机构的倡议，旨在减少少数民族人群中艾滋病毒/艾滋病的健康差异。