Interaction of Air Pollution and Psychosocial Stress on Cardiovascular Disease.

空气污染和心理社会压力对心血管疾病的相互作用。

• 批准号: 8616947
• 负责人: Anjum Hajat
• 金额: $ 12.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-03-01 至 2016-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8616947
• 关键词: Acute; Affect; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Animals; Ankle; Area; Arithmetic; Atherosclerosis; Award; Biological; Biological Markers; Biology; Blood Pressure; Breathing; C-reactive protein; Caliber; Carbon Black; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Catecholamines; Cause of Death; Chronic; Country; Cross-Over Studies; Data; Data Collection; Data Sources; Diesel Exhaust; Disease; Elderly; Environmental Hazards; Environmental Health; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Etiology; Fibrinogen; Gap Junctions; Generations; Geographic Locations; Health; Health Status; Individual; Inequality; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Instruction; Interleukin-6; Intervention; Investigation; Joints; Knowledge; Laboratories; Left; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mentors; Mentorship; Minority; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Neighborhoods; Nitrogen Dioxide; Nitrogen Oxides; Outcome; Participant; Particulate Matter; Phase; Physiological; Plant Roots; Policies; Population; Positioning Attribute; Poverty; Predisposition; Psyche structure; Psychology; Psychosocial Stress; Public Health; Publishing; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Sampling; Socioeconomic Status; Speech; Statistical Methods; Stress; Stress Tests; Sympathetic Nervous System; Thick; Toxic Environmental Substances; Toxin; Training; Treatment/Psychosocial Effects; Violence; Work; base; biological systems; career; cohort; coronary artery calcification; geographic population; health disparity; heart rate variability; improved; indexing; inflammatory marker; innovation; intima media; low socioeconomic status; metropolitan; novel strategies; pollutant; psychosocial; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; research study; skills; social; socioeconomics; stressor; theories; vascular bed

7. Project Summary/Abstract This proposal seeks to understand the interaction between air pollution and psychosocial stress on markers of inflammation and subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD). Under the mentorship of Dr. Joel Kaufman, this training and research plan will build upon Dr. Hajat's expertise in social epidemiology and prepare her for a career studying the nexus of social and environmental factors and their impact on CVD. During the K99 phase, Dr. Hajat will use didactic instruction and independent study to gain additional training in 1) the biology of stress and CVD 2) spatial statistical methods and 3) exposure generation and assessment. This training will provide Dr. Hajat with interdisciplinary skills and knowledge as she moves towards an independent research career. During the K99 phase Dr. Hajat will characterize the extent to which biomarkers of stress, neighborhood-level psychosocial stressors and individual level psychosocial stressors are spatially correlated with ambient air pollutants, specifically particulate matter <2.5 ¿m in aerodynamic diameter, nitrogen dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and black carbon. This work will build upon Dr. Hajat's previous work using the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), a longitudinal study of subclinical CVD in a cohort of older adults recruited from six metropolitan areas across the US. Upon completion of the training phase of this award, Dr. Hajat will undertake research during the R00 phase of the project that will transition her to an independent investigator. The aims of this research are (1) to assess the synergistic effects of air pollution and psychosocial stress (measured objectively and subjectively) on markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and fibrinogen) as well as on the progression of atherosclerosis in different vascular beds, measured by intima media thickness, coronary calcification and ankle brachial index and (2) to conduct a crossover study which exposes participants to both diesel exhaust (DE) from an inhalation facility and a laboratory-based mental stress test to assess the synergistic effect of both exposures on physiological outcomes such as blood pressure, heart rate variability, catecholamine levels and IL-6. The research in the R00 phase proposes epidemiologic studies of two complementary extant data sources, MESA and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional nationally representative sample of the US population. Both studies have data on air pollution, psychosocial stressors, inflammation and subclinical CVD and together capture a larger geographic area and populations across the life course. The R00 phase also proposes conducting an experimental study. The study will be conducted in one of the nation's few controlled inhalation facilities where subjects will be exposed to both DE and a laboratory generated acute mental stressor. The acute mental stress exposure, which is often used in psychology, will consist of administering a speech task and an arithmetic task. Understanding the synergistic effects of air pollution and psychosocial stress will help advance our understanding of the biological mechanisms behind environmental health disparities.

7. 项目总结/摘要 该提案旨在了解空气污染与社会心理压力之间的相互作用 在 Joel Kaufman 博士的指导下，这 培训和研究计划将建立在哈贾特博士在社会流行病学方面的专业知识的基础上，并为她做好准备 K99 期间研究社会和环境因素的关系及其对 CVD 的影响。 阶段，Hajat 博士将使用教学指导和独立研究来获得 1) 生物学方面的额外培训 本培训将涵盖压力和 CVD 2) 空间统计方法以及 3) 暴露生成和评估。 为 Hajat 博士走向独立研究提供跨学科技能和知识 在 K99 阶段，Hajat 博士将描述压力生物标志物的程度， 邻里层面的社会心理压力源和个人层面的社会压力源在空间上相关 环境空气污染物，特别是颗粒物<2.5 ¿ m 空气动力学直径，二氧化氮， 这项工作将建立在哈贾特博士之前使用多民族的工作的基础上。 动脉粥样硬化研究 (MESA)，一项在招募的老年人队列中进行的亚临床 CVD 纵向研究 完成该奖项的培训阶段后，Hajat 博士将来自美国六个大都市区。 在项目的 R00 阶段进行研究，这将使她成为一名独立调查员。 本研究的目的是（1）评估空气污染和社会心理压力的协同效应 （客观和主观测量）炎症标志物（C 反应蛋白、白细胞介素 6 (IL-6) 和 纤维蛋白原）以及不同血管床中动脉粥样硬化的进展（通过内膜测量） 中膜厚度、冠状动脉钙化和踝肱指数；(2) 进行交叉研究，其中 让参与者接触来自吸入设施的柴油废气（DE）和基于实验室的精神 压力测试，评估两种暴露对血液等生理结果的协同效应 R00 阶段建议的研究包括压力、心率变异性、儿茶酚胺水平和 IL-6。 对两个互补的现有数据源（MESA 和国家健康与营养）的流行病学研究 检查调查，美国人口的横截面全国代表性样本。 拥有有关空气污染、社会心理压力源、炎症和亚临床 CVD 的数据，并共同捕获 R00 阶段还建议开展更大的地理区域和整个生命周期的人口。 该研究将在美国为数不多的受控吸入设施之一进行。 受试者将同时暴露于 DE 和实验室产生的急性精神压力源。 心理学中经常使用的压力暴露包括执行言语任务和 了解空气污染和社会心理压力的协同效应将有助于推进算术任务。 我们对环境健康差异背后的生物机制的理解。