Interaction of Air Pollution and Psychosocial Stress on Cardiovascular Disease.

空气污染和心理社会压力对心血管疾病的相互作用。

• 批准号: 8616947
• 负责人: Anjum Hajat
• 金额: $ 12.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-03-01 至 2016-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8616947
• 关键词: Acute; Affect; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Animals; Ankle; Area; Arithmetic; Atherosclerosis; Award; Biological; Biological Markers; Biology; Blood Pressure; Breathing; C-reactive protein; Caliber; Carbon Black; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Catecholamines; Cause of Death; Chronic; Country; Cross-Over Studies; Data; Data Collection; Data Sources; Diesel Exhaust; Disease; Elderly; Environmental Hazards; Environmental Health; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Etiology; Fibrinogen; Gap Junctions; Generations; Geographic Locations; Health; Health Status; Individual; Inequality; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Instruction; Interleukin-6; Intervention; Investigation; Joints; Knowledge; Laboratories; Left; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mentors; Mentorship; Minority; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Neighborhoods; Nitrogen Dioxide; Nitrogen Oxides; Outcome; Participant; Particulate Matter; Phase; Physiological; Plant Roots; Policies; Population; Positioning Attribute; Poverty; Predisposition; Psyche structure; Psychology; Psychosocial Stress; Public Health; Publishing; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Sampling; Socioeconomic Status; Speech; Statistical Methods; Stress; Stress Tests; Sympathetic Nervous System; Thick; Toxic Environmental Substances; Toxin; Training; Treatment/Psychosocial Effects; Violence; Work; base; biological systems; career; cohort; coronary artery calcification; geographic population; health disparity; heart rate variability; improved; indexing; inflammatory marker; innovation; intima media; low socioeconomic status; metropolitan; novel strategies; pollutant; psychosocial; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; research study; skills; social; socioeconomics; stressor; theories; vascular bed

7. Project Summary/Abstract This proposal seeks to understand the interaction between air pollution and psychosocial stress on markers of inflammation and subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD). Under the mentorship of Dr. Joel Kaufman, this training and research plan will build upon Dr. Hajat's expertise in social epidemiology and prepare her for a career studying the nexus of social and environmental factors and their impact on CVD. During the K99 phase, Dr. Hajat will use didactic instruction and independent study to gain additional training in 1) the biology of stress and CVD 2) spatial statistical methods and 3) exposure generation and assessment. This training will provide Dr. Hajat with interdisciplinary skills and knowledge as she moves towards an independent research career. During the K99 phase Dr. Hajat will characterize the extent to which biomarkers of stress, neighborhood-level psychosocial stressors and individual level psychosocial stressors are spatially correlated with ambient air pollutants, specifically particulate matter <2.5 ¿m in aerodynamic diameter, nitrogen dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and black carbon. This work will build upon Dr. Hajat's previous work using the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), a longitudinal study of subclinical CVD in a cohort of older adults recruited from six metropolitan areas across the US. Upon completion of the training phase of this award, Dr. Hajat will undertake research during the R00 phase of the project that will transition her to an independent investigator. The aims of this research are (1) to assess the synergistic effects of air pollution and psychosocial stress (measured objectively and subjectively) on markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and fibrinogen) as well as on the progression of atherosclerosis in different vascular beds, measured by intima media thickness, coronary calcification and ankle brachial index and (2) to conduct a crossover study which exposes participants to both diesel exhaust (DE) from an inhalation facility and a laboratory-based mental stress test to assess the synergistic effect of both exposures on physiological outcomes such as blood pressure, heart rate variability, catecholamine levels and IL-6. The research in the R00 phase proposes epidemiologic studies of two complementary extant data sources, MESA and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional nationally representative sample of the US population. Both studies have data on air pollution, psychosocial stressors, inflammation and subclinical CVD and together capture a larger geographic area and populations across the life course. The R00 phase also proposes conducting an experimental study. The study will be conducted in one of the nation's few controlled inhalation facilities where subjects will be exposed to both DE and a laboratory generated acute mental stressor. The acute mental stress exposure, which is often used in psychology, will consist of administering a speech task and an arithmetic task. Understanding the synergistic effects of air pollution and psychosocial stress will help advance our understanding of the biological mechanisms behind environmental health disparities.

7。项目摘要/摘要 该提议旨在了解空气污染与心理心理压力之间的相互作用 炎症和亚临床心血管疾病（CVD）。在乔尔·考夫曼（Joel Kaufman）博士的心态下 培训和研究计划将基于Hajat博士在社会流行病学方面的专业知识，并为她做好准备 研究社会和环境因素的联系及其对CVD的影响。在K99期间 阶段，Hajat博士将使用教学教学和独立研究在1）生物学中获得额外的培训 压力和CVD 2）空间统计方法以及3）暴露和评估。这个培训将 Hajat博士在迈向独立研究的同时，以跨学科的技能和知识 职业。在K99阶段，Hajat博士将表征压力生物标志物的程度， 社区级别的社会心理压力源和个人级别的社会心理压力源在空间上相关 具有环境空气污染物，特别是颗粒物<2.5？m的空气动力学直径，二氧化氮， 氮和黑碳的氧化物。这项工作将建立在Hajat博士以前的工作的基础上 动脉粥样硬化（MESA）的研究，这是对招募的老年人队列中亚临床CVD的纵向研究 来自美国六个大都市地区。该奖项的培训阶段完成后，Hajat博士将 在项目的R00阶段进行研究，将其转变为独立研究者。 这项研究的目的是（1）评估空气污染和社会心理压力的协同作用 （客观地和主观测量）炎症标记（C反应蛋白，白介素6（IL-6）和 纤维蛋白原）以及在不同血管床中动脉粥样硬化的进展，由Intima测量 培养基厚度，冠状动脉钙化和踝臂指数和（2）进行跨界研究 从吸入设施和基于实验室的心理上暴露于两个柴油排气（DE）的参与者 压力测试以评估两种暴露对血液等身体结果的协同作用 压力，心率变异性，儿茶酚胺水平和IL-6。 R00相建议的研究 两个完整现有数据源的流行病学研究，台面和国家健康与营养 考试调查是美国人口的全国性代表样本。两项研究 拥有空气污染，社会心理压力源，感染和亚临床CVD的数据，并共同捕获 在整个生活过程中，较大的地理区域和人口。 R00阶段还提出了 实验研究。该研究将在美国少数几个受控事故设施之一中进行 受试者将暴露于DE和实验室产生的急性心理压力源。急性精神 通常在心理学中使用的压力暴露将包括管理语音任务和 算术任务。了解空气污染和社会心理压力的协同作用将有助于进步 我们对环境健康差异背后的生物学机制的理解。