Interaction of Air Pollution and Psychosocial Stress on Cardiovascular Disease.

空气污染和心理社会压力对心血管疾病的相互作用。

• 批准号: 9267155
• 负责人: Anjum Hajat
• 金额: $ 24.9万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-05-01 至 2019-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9267155
• 关键词: Acute; Affect; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Animals; Ankle; Area; Arithmetic; Atherosclerosis; Award; Biological; Biological Markers; Biology; Blood Pressure; Breathing; C-reactive protein; Caliber; Carbon Black; Cardiovascular Diseases; Catecholamines; Cause of Death; Chronic; Country; Cross-Over Studies; Data; Data Collection; Data Sources; Diesel Exhaust; Disease; Elderly; Environmental Hazards; Environmental Health; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Etiology; Fibrinogen; Gap Junctions; Generations; Geographic Locations; Health; Health Status; Individual; Inequality; Inflammation; Inflammatory Response; Instruction; Interleukin-6; Intervention; Investigation; Joints; Knowledge; Laboratories; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mentors; Mentorship; Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Neighborhoods; Nitrogen Dioxide; Nitrogen Oxides; Outcome; Participant; Particulate Matter; Phase; Physiological; Plant Roots; Policies; Population; Positioning Attribute; Poverty; Predisposition; Psyche structure; Psychology; Psychosocial Stress; Public Health; Publishing; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Personnel; Sampling; Socioeconomic Status; Speech; Statistical Methods; Stress; Stress Tests; Sympathetic Nervous System; Toxic Environmental Substances; Toxin; Training; Treatment/Psychosocial Effects; Violence; Work; ambient air pollution; base; biological systems; cardiovascular health; career; cohort; coronary artery calcification; epidemiology study; experimental study; geographic population; health disparity; heart rate variability; improved; indexing; inflammatory marker; innovation; intimal medial thickening; low socioeconomic status; metropolitan; minority communities; novel strategies; pollutant; psychosocial; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; skills; social; socioeconomics; stressor; theories; vascular bed

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal seeks to understand the interaction between air pollution and psychosocial stress on markers of inflammation and subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD). Under the mentorship of Dr. Joel Kaufman, this training and research plan will build upon Dr. Hajat's expertise in social epidemiology and prepare her for a career studying the nexus of social and environmental factors and their impact on CVD. During the K99 phase, Dr. Hajat will use didactic instruction and independent study to gain additional training in 1) the biology of stress and CVD 2) spatial statistical methods and 3) exposure generation and assessment. This training will provide Dr. Hajat with interdisciplinary skills and knowledge as she moves towards an independent research career. During the K99 phase Dr. Hajat will characterize the extent to which biomarkers of stress, neighborhood-level psychosocial stressors and individual level psychosocial stressors are spatially correlated with ambient air pollutants, specifically particulae matter <2.5 �m in aerodynamic diameter, nitrogen dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and black carbon. This work will build upon Dr. Hajat's previous work using the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), a longitudinal study of subclinical CVD in a cohort of older adults recruited from six metropolitan areas across the US. Upon completion of the training phase of this award, Dr. Hajat will undertake research during the R00 phase of the project that will transition her to an independent investigator. The aims of this research are (1) to assess the synergistic effects of air pollution and psychosocial stress (measured objectively and subjectively) on markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and fibrinogen) as well as on the progression of atherosclerosis in different vascular beds, measured by intima media thickness, coronary calcification and ankle brachial index and (2) to conduct a crossover study which exposes participants to both diesel exhaust (DE) from an inhalation facility and a laboratory-based mental stress test to assess the synergistic effect of both exposures on physiological outcomes such as blood pressure, heart rate variability, catecholamine levels and IL-6. The research in the R00 phase proposes epidemiologic studies of two complementary extant data sources, MESA and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional nationally representative sample of the US population. Both studies have data on air pollution, psychosocial stressors, inflammation and subclinical CVD and together capture a larger geographic area and populations across the life course. The R00 phase also proposes conducting an experimental study. The study will be conducted in one of the nation's few controlled inhalation facilities where subjects will be exposed to both DE and a laboratory generated acute mental stressor. The acute mental stress exposure, which is often used in psychology, will consist of administering a speech task and an arithmetic task. Understanding the synergistic effects of air pollution and psychosocial stress will help advance our understanding of the biological mechanisms behind environmental health disparities.

描述（由申请人提供）： 该提案旨在在炎症和亚临床AR疾病（CVD）之间进行空气污染和心理社会的压力。压力和CVD 2）空间统计方法3）暴露于独立研究职业。氮和黑色碳的工作。 Hajat将在项目的R00阶段进行研究，该研究将使trestistigator的目的。 -6）以及不同血管床中的动脉粥样硬化，通过Intima Media厚度纤维和脚踝乳头指数衡量，以及（2）进行交叉研究，将参与者暴露于两个柴油机上的柴油机（DE）。 - 基于精神压力评估两种暴露于OTCO ME的协同作用，例如血压，心率变异性，儿茶酚胺水平和IL-6。营养检查的午餐样本具有关于较大的地理区域的数据，R00阶段还提出了一项实验性研究。精神上的急性心理压力暴露，通常用于心理学的效果和心理压力，将有助于提高我们对依然健康层次背后的养生机制的理解。