VESTIBULAR INFLUENCES ON SPATIAL ORIENTATION AND VISUOSPATIAL CONSTANCY

前庭对空间定向和视觉空间稳定性的影响

• 批准号: 8576392
• 负责人: Dora Angelaki
• 金额: $ 39.13万
• 依托单位: BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2016-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8576392
• 关键词: Address; Alzheimer' s Disease; Behavioral; Brain; Calibration; Clinical; Cognitive deficits; Conflict (Psychology); Cues; Discrimination; Disease; Disorientation; Ensure; Environment; Feedback; Foundations; Freedom; Functional disorder; Grant; Head; Head Movements; Human; Image; Impairment; Knowledge; Macaca; Macaca mulatta; Mediating; Methodology; Modality; Modeling; Monkeys; Motion; Motion Perception; Neurologic; Patients; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Probability Theory; Process; Property; Psychophysics; Retina; Rewards; Scheme; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Space Perception; Specific qualifier value; Stimulus; System; Testing; Therapeutic; Time; Vision; Visual; Visual Motion; Visual Perception; Visuospatial; Weight; Work; base; human subject; multisensory; object motion; optic flow; otoconia; relating to nervous system; research study; segregation; sensor; sensory system; spatial vision; vestibulo-ocular reflex; visual-vestibular

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The pattern of image motion across the retina (optic flow) during self-motion provides a powerful cue to the heading direction of the observer. However, optic flow processing poses a number of computationally difficult problems, the most notable example being segregation of object motion from self-motion. Vestibular signals about the linear components of head movement can greatly simplify the extraction of behaviorally relevant information from optic flow. Using quantitative human psychophysics, here we test the hypothesis that vestibular information can be used by the brain to solve the flow parsing problem and distinguish object motion and self-motion. In addition, we explore whether visual and vestibular signals maintain internal calibration such as to ensure that estimates of the same stimulus by different sensors agree with one another. By exposing subjects to spatially conflicting optic flow and vestibular heading information, we test two models of internal consistency: a visual dominance model, which expects that, like the vestibulo-ocular reflex, vestibular perception always changes to become consistent with vision, and a reliability-based calibration model, which depends on cue reliability and assures minimum variance sensory estimates over time. According to the latter, vestibular perception should adapt towards the visually-specified heading when visual reliability is higher than the vestibular reliability and visual perception should adapt towards the vestibular-specified heading when visual reliability is lower than the vestibular reliability. We will also examine the effects of external feedback and how subjects weigh internal consistency versus external accuracy. A 6-degree-of-freedom motion platform with attached large field-of-view stereo projection system and two-alternative-forced-choice methodology will be used for all experiments. Findings are important for understanding basic perceptual visual/vestibular interactions using quantitative methodology and opening new directions in the fields of basic and clinical spatial orientation psychophysics.

描述（由申请人提供）：自我运动过程中整个视网膜（视频流）的图像运动模式为观察者的标题方向提供了强大的提示。但是，光流处理构成了许多计算困难的问题，最值得注意的例子是对象运动从自我运动中隔离。关于头部运动的线性成分的前庭信号可以大大简化行为相关信息从光流中提取。使用定量的人类心理物理学，我们在这里测试了一个假设，即大脑可以使用前庭信息来解决流解解问题并区分物体运动和自我运动。此外，我们探索视觉和前庭信号是否保持内部校准，例如确保不同传感器对相同刺激的估计。通过将受试者暴露于空间冲突的视频流和前庭标题信息中，我们测试了两种内部一致性模型：一种视觉主导模型，该模型预计，就像前庭 - 眼反射一样，前庭感知始终会变化以使视觉变化，并与基于可靠性的校准模型一致，这取决于可靠性的可靠性可靠性和确保超级估计的估计性估计估计时间超过时间估计。根据后者的说法，当视觉可靠性高于前庭可靠性时，前庭感知应适应视觉指定的标题，并且当视觉可靠性低于前庭可靠性时，视觉感知应适应前庭指定的标题。我们还将研究外部反馈的影响以及受试者如何权衡内部一致性与外部准确性。所有实验将使用一个6度的自由运动平台和带有较大的视野立体投影系统和两种选择性选择方法。发现对于使用定量方法论理解基本的感知视觉/前庭相互作用以及在基本和临床空间取向心理物理学领域的新方向很重要。