Relationships between air pollutants and asthma exacerbations in a birth cohort

出生队列中空气污染物与哮喘恶化之间的关系

• 批准号: 8462269
• 负责人: MATTHEW J. STRICKLAND
• 金额: $ 12.82万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-10 至 2015-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8462269
• 关键词: Accident and Emergency department; Affect; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Asthma; Birth; Birth Records; Birth Weight; Bronchiolitis; Caliber; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Childhood Asthma; Complex; Data; Development; Environmental Risk Factor; Gestational Age; Health Policy; Human Resources; Infant; Life; Life Experience; Link; Low Birth Weight Infant; Measurement; Mission; Modeling; Modification; Monitor; Particulate Matter; Physiological; Pollen; Predisposition; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk Factors; Subgroup; Visit; base; cohort; in utero; innovation; metropolitan; novel; premature; two-dimensional

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In utero and early life experiences affect physiological development and can influence sensitivity to environmental factors throughout life. Data on early life risk factors, however, are typically not available to investigators who study associations between ambient air pollutant concentrations and pediatric asthma exacerbations. In the state of Georgia, birth records (1994-2007) have been linked with pediatric emergency department visits (2002-2007) by staff at the Georgia Department of Human Resources. This novel linkage between 1.8 million birth records and 5.5 million pediatric emergency department visits will be used to investigate whether children who were born premature or low birth weight are more sensitive to ambient air pollutant concentrations than their counterparts. If effect modification by gestational age or birth weight is observed, then these findings will help inform public health policy decisions, since protection of sensitive subgroups is central to EPA's mission as a regulatory agency. Further, within Metropolitan Atlanta, a research air quality monitoring station provides daily concentrations for a comprehensive suite of components of particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter, a resource also not typically available to investigators. These measurements can be used to distinguish among the various compounds that comprise particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter, and the proposed study will be the first to investigate associations between these compounds and pediatric emergency department visits in a birth cohort. Complex interactions between ambient air pollutants and airborne pollens on pediatric asthma exacerbations will be investigated using an innovative modeling approach based on two- dimensional loess smoothers in the framework of generalized additive models. Ambient air pollutants are known to cause asthma exacerbations in children. To inform public health policy decisions it is important to know whether certain subgroups of asthmatic children have increased susceptibility to air pollutants, and the proposed study will be the first to investigate whether children who were born premature or low birth weight have an increased susceptibility to air pollution.

描述（由申请人提供）：在子宫和早期生活经历中会影响生理发展，并可能影响对环境因素的敏感性。然而，关于研究环境空气污染物浓度和小儿哮喘加重之间关联的研究人员通常无法获得有关早期生命危险因素的数据。在佐治亚州，佐治亚州人力资源部的工作人员与儿科急诊科（2002-2007）有关出生记录（1994-2007）。这种新颖的结合在180万个出生记录和550万个儿科急诊科的访问中，将用于调查出生早产或低出生体重的儿童对环境空气污染物浓度的敏感性比其对应物更敏感。如果观察到妊娠年龄或出生体重的效果修改，那么这些发现将有助于为公共卫生政策的决策提供信息，因为对敏感亚组的保护是EPA作为监管机构任务的核心。此外，在亚特兰大都会大都会内，研究空气质量监测站为颗粒物的综合组成部分提供了每日浓度，直径小于2.5微米，调查人员通常也无法获得资源。这些测量值可用于区分构成颗粒物的各种化合物的直径小于2.5微米，并且拟议的研究将是第一个研究这些化合物与儿科急诊群体之间的关联的研究。将使用基于二维增材模型框架中的两维牛头semothorther的创新建模方法来研究环境空气污染物与空中污染物之间的复杂相互作用。 已知环境空气污染物会导致儿童哮喘加重。为了告知公共卫生政策决策，重要的是要知道某些哮喘儿童的某些亚组是否增加了对空气污染物的敏感性，并且拟议的研究将是第一个调查出生早产或低出生体重的儿童是否对空气污染的敏感性增加。