Neuroeconomics and Alcohol Control Policy

神经经济学和酒精控制政策

基本信息

批准号：
8318737
负责人：
Henry Saffer
金额：
$ 19.23万
依托单位：
NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-09-30 至 2014-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The neuroeconomic model predicts that an increase in an individual's addictive stock will increase their responsiveness to external cues such as advertising and decrease their responsiveness to objective information such as price. Since most alcohol consumers are moderate drinkers, alcohol control policy ideally should be targeted at alcohol abusers. However, restrictions on advertising and outlet density have been generally secondary to increases in excise taxes. A likely reason for this is the relatively limited number of studies which show that advertising and outlet density controls are effective in contrast to the relatively large number of studies which show that excise taxes are effective. Part of the reason for these weak results is that many prior studies of the effect of advertising and outlet density have used dubious methodologies and none have controlled for addictive stock. However, a number of studies of price have controlled for addictive stock by estimating price effects specifically for heavy drinkers. These studies have shown that heavy drinkers are less responsive to price increases than are moderate drinkers which are consistent with the predictions of the neuroeconomic model. This project will build on methodological advances of prior studies of alcohol advertising and advance the methodology with the use of panel data with individual fixed effects and by controlling for addictive stock. It is expected that the results from this study will help to reconcile the differences from prior studies of advertising and outlet density. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The results of this study will be important in assessing the relative value of alternative public policies designed to reduce alcohol abuse. These policies include restrictions on alcohol advertising, alcohol outlet density and alcohol taxes. It is important to understand which of these policies are more likely to reduce alcohol abuse since the alcohol industry is likely to oppose any changes which it believes will reduce sales.

描述（由申请人提供）：神经经济模型预测，个人成瘾性股票的增加将提高其对外部线索的响应能力，例如广告，并降低对客观信息（例如价格）的响应能力。由于大多数酒精消费者是中等饮酒者，因此理想情况下，酒精控制政策应针对滥用酒精。但是，对广告和出口密度的限制通常是消费税增加的限制。造成这种情况的可能原因是相对有限的研究表明，广告和出口密度控制与相对较大的研究相反，这些研究表明消费税是有效的。这些薄弱结果的部分原因是，许多先前关于广告和出口密度效果的研究都使用了可疑的方法论，没有一个人控制着成瘾性的股票。但是，许多对价格的研究通过专门针对重型饮酒者估算价格影响来控制上瘾的股票。这些研究表明，与中度饮酒者相比，与神经经济模型的预测相比，大量饮酒者对价格上涨的反应较低。该项目将基于先前研究酒精广告的方法论进步，并通过使用具有单独固定效果的面板数据并控制成瘾性库存来推进方法论。预计这项研究的结果将有助于调和先前的广告和出口密度研究的差异。公共卫生相关性：这项研究的结果对于评估旨在减少酒精滥用的替代公共政策的相对价值很重要。这些政策包括对酒精广告，酒精出口密度和酒精税的限制。重要的是要了解哪些政策更有可能减少酒精滥用，因为酒精行业可能会反对其认为会减少销售的任何变化。