THE ECONOMICS OF SMOKELESS TOBACCO

无烟烟草的经济学

• 批准号: 7950209
• 负责人: Henry Saffer
• 金额: $ 21.85万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7950209
• 关键词: Advertising; Affect; African American; Age; Cigarette; Data; Economic Factors; Economics; Education; Exposure to; Future; Health; Individual; Journals; Link; Manufacturer Name; Marketing; Measures; Military Personnel; Nicotine; Policies; Population; Price; Public Health; Public Policy; Race; Records; Research; Rural; Sales; Smoke; Smokeless Tobacco; Smoker; Smoking; Surveys; Taxes; Tobacco smoking; Tobacco use; Woman; Youth; base; cigarette advertising; cigarette smoking; college; demographics; design; high school; innovation; member; men; nicotine replacement; public health relevance; public policy on tobacco; residence; response; smoking cessation; tobacco advertising; tobacco control; trend; young adult; Advertising; Affect; African American; Age; Cigarette; Data; Economic Factors; Economics; Education; Exposure to; Future; Health; Individual; Journals; Link; Manufacturer Name; Marketing; Measures; Military Personnel; Nicotine; Policies; Population; Price; Public Health; Public Policy; Race; Records; Research; Rural; Sales; Smoke; Smokeless Tobacco; Smoker; Smoking; Surveys; Taxes; Tobacco smoking; Tobacco use; Woman; Youth; base; cigarette advertising; cigarette smoking; college; demographics; design; high school; innovation; member; men; nicotine replacement; public health relevance; public policy on tobacco; residence; response; smoking cessation; tobacco advertising; tobacco control; trend; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Smokeless tobacco (ST) has been determined to be hazardous to health. However, there have been no studies which have examined the impact of ST advertising on ST use and there is very little prior research on the targeting of ST advertising. Research on the effects of ST prices or taxes on ST use and on cross- effects with other nicotine products has also been very limited. Furthermore, no prior studies have investigated the impact of policies and economic factors relating to ST, cigarettes and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in a single framework. This project will provide the first estimates, by demographic group, of the effect of ST advertising and cross-effects with other nicotine products on ST use. Since smokers may be using ST to attempt smoking cessation, and new marketing strategies are highlighting ST as an alternative in situations that do not permit smoking, the inter-relationships between these nicotine products are becoming increasingly important. As smoking bans are imposed across the nation and cigarette sales continue to decline, new ST products are being marketed to smokers for use in situations where they are unable to smoke. These new ST products appear to be designed to appeal to new demographic segments beyond the traditional market. This project will analyze magazine advertising to determine trends in the targeting of ST advertising across population segments. Changes in targeting represent changes in the marketing strategy and are predictive of future changes in use. This project will provide the most comprehensive picture to date of ST targeting and the effects of ST advertising, price and policy on ST use, while considering the inter-relationship between ST, cigarettes, and NRT. Understanding the demographic targeting of advertising and quantifying the direct effects and cross-effects of price, advertising, taxes, and other policy factors on ST use will be important in designing effective policy responses to reduce the use of ST. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The decline in smoking has created a new opportunity to market smokeless tobacco (ST) products. This project will provide the most comprehensive picture to date of demographic targeting of ST and the effects of ST advertising, price and policy on ST use. This research will be important in designing effective policy responses to reduce the use of ST.

描述（由申请人提供）：无烟烟草（ST）已被确定为健康危害。但是，没有研究研究了ST广告对ST使用的影响，并且对ST广告的靶向几乎没有研究。对ST价格或税收对ST使用以及与其他尼古丁产品交叉作用的影响的研究也非常有限。此外，没有先前的研究调查了与ST，香烟和尼古丁替代疗法（NRT）有关的政策和经济因素的影响。该项目将根据人口组提供第一个估计，以与其他尼古丁产品对ST使用的效果和交叉效应的影响。由于吸烟者可能正在使用ST尝试戒烟，因此在不允许吸烟的情况下，新的营销策略将ST作为替代方案，因此这些尼古丁产品之间的相互关系变得越来越重要。随着全国范围内实施的吸烟禁令并继续下降，新的ST产品正在向吸烟者销售，以便在他们无法吸烟的情况下使用。这些新的ST产品似乎旨在吸引传统市场以外的新人群领域。该项目将分析杂志广告，以确定跨人群范围的ST广告定位趋势。定位的变化代表营销策略的变化，并可以预测未来使用的变化。该项目将提供迄今为止ST定位的最全面的情况以及ST广告，价格和政策对ST使用的影响，同时考虑ST，香烟和NRT之间的相互关系。了解广告的人口统计学定位，并量化价格，广告，税收和其他政策因素的直接影响和交叉效果，对于设计有效的政策响应以减少ST的使用至关重要。 公共卫生相关性：吸烟的下降为销售无烟烟草（ST）产品创造了新的机会。该项目将为人口统计学靶向ST的日期以及ST广告，价格和政策对ST使用的影响提供最全面的情况。这项研究对于设计有效的政策响应以减少ST的使用至关重要。