The Effects of New E-cigarette Internet Sales Bans and E-cigarette Flavor Bans on Tobacco Use by Youth, Young Adults and Adults

新的电子烟互联网销售禁令和电子烟口味禁令对青少年、年轻人和成年人使用烟草的影响

• 批准号: 10449651
• 负责人: Henry Saffer
• 金额: $ 29.7万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10449651
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent Risk Behavior; Adoption; Adult; Affect; Age; Area; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Cigarette; Consumption; Cotinine; Data; Drug usage; Effectiveness; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems; Electronic cigarette; Future; Health; Health Promotion; Health Surveys; Individual; Internet; Intervention; Knowledge; Laws; Legal; Licensing; Life Cycle Stages; Literature; Measures; Monitor; National Health Interview Survey; Natural experiment; Nervous System Trauma; Nicotine; Nicotine Dependence; Outcome; Pattern; Policies; Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health; Prevention; Public Health; Public Policy; Quasi-experiment; Regulation; Research; Risk; Sales; Smokeless; Smokeless Tobacco; Smoker; Smoking; Surgeon; Surveys; Suspensions; System; Tobacco use; Variant; Youth; adverse outcome; base; cognitive development; combustible tobacco; econometrics; electronic cigarette use; nicotine exposure; nicotine use; smokeless tobacco use; smoking abstinence; smoking cessation; tobacco products; tobacco regulation; uptake; vaping; virtual; young adult

Project Summary Use of all tobacco products by youth and young adults up to age 25 poses a serious public health concern because this group is at risk of long-term health effects and neurological damage from nicotine exposure. Interventions targeted at them to discourage tobacco use can help lower the trajectory of nicotine addiction and use of other addictive substances over the life cycle. Reducing their access to e-cigarettes and altering appealing attributes of e-cigarettes are among the cornerstones of a strategic prevention policy framework. The proposed research will provide the first plausibly causal evidence on the effectiveness of two key policies in affecting tobacco use by youth, young adults and adults. These regulations are: 1) a ban on internet sales of all e-cigarette products; and 2) a comprehensive ban on all added flavors in all e-cigarette products – including those exempt from the current federal ban. Internet sales bans have just been enacted at the federal level although there is no empirical evidence speaking to its causal effect on e-cigarette use. These new bans are intended to target youth and young adults, but they apply to all sales. As a result, spillovers of the policy effects to adults are possible. Because e-cigarettes are potentially beneficial to adult smokers who are trying to quit smoking, it is important to ascertain whether these bans mainly affect youth and young adults or also have any spillover effects on adults and in particular adult smokers. We will assess such potential spillovers of internet sales bans, and comprehensive flavor bans on tobacco use outcomes among adults. Beyond descriptive comparisons, there exists virtually no empirical evidence on how effective these regulations would be in curtailing tobacco use at different age levels. This project will capitalize on natural experiments exploiting variation in the timing of the adoption of bans on online e-cigarette sales and on added flavors in all e-cigarette products, to address this critical knowledge gap and provide the first causal estimates in the literature of these regulations. Analyses will be based on a difference-in-differences framework applied to micro-level data from six large-scale national surveys of youth, and young adults and adults. As part of our main aims, the proposed research will also provide some of the first evidence on how state penalties imposed on retailers for selling e-cigarettes to underage youth and young adults are impacting e-cigarette use by these groups and how they are obtaining their e-cigarettes. Despite the age restrictions, the considerable level of e- cigarette use by youth indicates that the minimum purchase age laws by themselves have had limited effectiveness. Thus, it is important to understand whether stricter penalties can reduce the overall use of e- cigarettes.

项目概要 青少年和 25 岁以下年轻人使用所有烟草产品会造成严重的公共卫生问题 令人担忧的是，这一群体面临着尼古丁对健康造成长期影响和神经损伤的风险 针对他们阻止吸烟的干预措施有助于降低尼古丁的接触轨迹。 在生命周期中成瘾和使用其他成瘾物质 减少他们接触电子烟和 改变电子烟的吸引力属性是战略预防政策的基石之一 拟议的研究将为两种方法的有效性提供第一个可信的因果证据 影响青少年、年轻人和成年人吸烟的主要政策是： 1) 禁止吸烟。 所有电子烟产品的互联网销售；以及2）全面禁止所有电子烟中添加任何香料。 产品——包括那些不受当前联邦互联网销售禁令约束的产品。 联邦层面，尽管没有经验证据表明其对电子烟使用的因果影响。 这些新禁令旨在针对青少年和年轻人，但适用于所有销售。 政策效应对成年人的溢出效应是可能的，因为电子烟可能对成年人有益。 对于试图戒烟的吸烟者，重要的是要确定这些禁令是否主要影响青少年和青少年 年轻人或对成年人，特别是成年吸烟者也有任何溢出效应，我们将对其进行评估。 互联网销售禁令和全面香料禁令对烟草使用结果的潜在溢出效应 除了描述性比较之外，几乎没有经验证据证明这些方法的有效性。 法规将限制不同年龄层的烟草使用，该项目将利用自然。 利用在线电子烟销售禁令的实施时间和附加条件的变化进行实验 所有电子烟产品中的口味，以解决这一关键的知识差距并提供第一个因果估计 这些法规的文献中的分析将基于所应用的双重差异框架。 微观层面的数据来自六次大规模的全国青年、青壮年和成年人调查。 主要目标，拟议的研究还将提供一些关于国家如何实施处罚的初步证据 向未成年青少年和年轻人销售电子烟的零售商正在影响这些人的电子烟使用 尽管有年龄限制，但电子烟的使用水平相当高。 青少年使用香烟的情况表明，最低购买年龄法本身的作用有限。 因此，了解更严格的处罚是否可以减少电子设备的总体使用非常重要。 香烟。