Behavioral and neural processing of faces and expressions in nonhuman primates

非人类灵长类动物面部和表情的行为和神经处理

基本信息

批准号：
8414851
负责人：
LISA A. PARR
金额：
$ 33.45万
依托单位：
EMORY UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2004-04-01 至 2015-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8414851
关键词：
Accounting Alzheimer&apos s Disease Autistic Disorder Back Behavior Behavioral Biology Brain region Categories Cognitive Comparative Study Complex Computers Conflict (Psychology)Cues Data Development Diagnostic Discrimination Disease Emotional Evolution Eye Face Face Processing Facial Expression Facial Expression Recognition Gender Identity Goals Head Health Human Individual Life Stress Macaca mulatta Methodology Methods Modeling Monkeys Neurobiology Neuropsychology Nose Oral cavity Paired Comparison Pan Genus Perception Performance Phenotype Pongidae Positron-Emission Tomography Primates Procedures Process Progress Reports Reading Reporting Research Sampling Seminal Series Social Perception Stimulus Study models System Techniques Testing Three-Dimensional Image Visual base cognitive system comparative flexibility gaze human disease information processing neuroimaging neuropsychological nonhuman primate relating to nervous system research study skills social cognition visual process visual processing

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Face recognition is an essential part of social cognition. Despite all faces containing the same general set of features, e.g. eyes, nose, mouth, etc., arranged in the same overall configuration, face recognition is accomplished rapidly and is flexible to ongoing transformation in head orientation, gaze direction, and facial expression. This suggests the presence of a highly specialized cognitive system that is able to process accurately a wide variety of information from faces despite often unique, impoverished, and socially complex viewing situations. Although much is known about the perceptual and neural processes underlying face recognition in humans, very little is understood about the basic behavior and biology of face processing in other species. Those existing studies report conflicting results due, in part, to inconsistent methodologies and the use of poorly standardized stimuli. Therefore, it is unclear whether these cognitive and neural specializations for face processing are unique to humans, or whether they may be present in other socially complex, and cognitively advanced species. Five cohesive experiments are proposed that build on previous studies of social cognition. First, the ability of nonhuman species to process faces based on identity and expression type will be compared using two well-studied experimental methods. In the second and third experiments, the specific perceptual features important for facial expression processing will be compared, along with features important for processing faces based on identity and gender. The fourth experiment will examine whether facial expressions are processed categorically using a morphing procedure similar to that used in studies of human categorical perception. And finally, functional neuroimaging will be used to identify brain regions involved in processing facial expressions and these data will be compared to previous studies of face processing in these two species. Comparative studies of these basic processes in species related to humans are critical for understanding the evolution of social perception as well as for developing research models for studying the neurobiological factors associated with disorders of social cognition. This is important as basic deficits in face recognition and reading and interpreting facial expressions represent common phenotypes for a wide variety of neuropsychological and development disorders in humans, from Alzheimer's disease to autism.

描述（由申请人提供）：面部识别是社会认知的重要组成部分。尽管所有面孔都包含相同的一般特征，例如眼睛，鼻子，嘴等以相同的整体配置排列，面部识别迅速完成，并且可以灵活地在头部方向，凝视方向和面部表达中进行持续的转化。这表明存在高度专业化的认知系统，尽管经常独特，贫穷和社会复杂的观看情况，但能够从面部准确地处理各种信息。尽管对人类面部识别的感知和神经过程知之甚少，但对其他物种的面部处理的基本行为和生物学知识很少。这些现有研究报告说，矛盾的结果部分是由于方法不一致以及使用不足的刺激。因此，目前尚不清楚这些面部处理的认知和神经专业是人类独有的，还是它们是否存在于其他具有社会复杂的和认知高级的物种中。提出了五个具有凝聚力的实验，这些实验是基于以前的社会认知研究。首先，将使用两种良好的实验方法比较非人类物种基于身份和表达类型的面孔的能力。在第二和第三实验中，将比较对面部表达处理重要的特定感知特征，以及基于身份和性别的处理面孔重要的特征。第四个实验将检查面部表情是否使用类似于人类分类感知研究的变形程序进行了分类处理。最后，功能性神经影像学将用于识别与处理面部表达相关的大脑区域，并将这些数据与以前对这两个物种的面部处理研究进行比较。与人类有关的物种中这些基本过程的比较研究对于了解社会感知的演变以及开发研究与社会认知障碍相关的神经生物学因素的研究模型至关重要。这很重要，因为面部识别和阅读和解释面部表情的基本缺陷代表了从阿尔茨海默氏病到自闭症的人类各种神经心理学和发育障碍的常见表型。