THE ROLE OF THE PRIMATE AMYGDALA IN GAZE FOLLOWING AND FACIAL MIMICRY

灵长类杏仁核在目光跟随和面部模仿中的作用

• 批准号: 8283584
• 负责人: Katalin M Gothard
• 金额: $ 22.73万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-03-01 至 2014-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8283584
• 关键词: Affect; Amygdaloid structure; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Bilateral; Cell Nucleus; Clinical; Cognitive; Complement; Complex; Development; Elements; Emotions; Empathy; Event; Eye; Eye Movements; Face; Facial Expression; Failure; Human; Individual; Injection of therapeutic agent; Laboratories; Link; Maintenance; Mediating; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Methods; Mind; Monkeys; Motor; Muscimol; Muscle; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Nuclear; One-Step dentin bonding system; Outcome; Parietal Lobe; Persons; Planning Techniques; Play; Positioning Attribute; Primates; Process; Production; Psyche structure; Research; Risk; Role; Saccades; Schizophrenia; Social Behavior; Social Perception; Social Phobia; Source; Stimulus; Structure; Testing; Therapeutic Intervention; Time; Widow; base; cognitive function; extrastriate visual cortex; frontal lobe; gaze; joint attention; meetings; mental state; mimicry; neural circuit; nonhuman primate; relating to nervous system; research study; sample fixation; severe mental illness; shared attention; social; social communication; social skills; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Gaze following and facial mimicry are fundamental elements of social behavior in both humans and non-human primates. Gaze following is critical for the development of shared attention and for a mental phenomenon called theory of mind. Facial mimicry is a form of shared emotion and constitutes the basis of empathy. These behaviors are profoundly affected in neurodevelopmental disorders and in severe mental illness, including schizophrenia, depression, and social phobia. When the amygdala is damaged or is functioning abnormally gaze following and facial mimicry are also impaired, suggesting that the amygdala may play an important role in these behaviors. To determine the role of the amygdala in these basic social behaviors, we propose to inactivate the amygdala of monkeys while they "interact" with naturalistic videos that elicit gaze following and facial mimicry. The amygala, however, comprises several nuclei, each with a different connectivity and different functions. We propose to inactivate selectively each main nucleus of the amygdala to test the following hypotheses: (1) the basolateral nuclei of the primate amygdala are necessary for gaze following, and (2) the central nuclei are necessary for facial mimicry. These hypotheses are based on the known anatomical connectivity of each nuclear group with cortical and subcortical structures involved in social behavior. The basolateral nuclei are connected to cortical areas involved the control of eye movements and in higher cognitive functions that might be necessary to determine where individuals are looking. The central nuclei are connected to subcortical circuits that serve low- level perceptual and motor functions that might be necessary to make eye contact and to imitate involuntarily facial expression. The proposed research will determine the role (s) of different amygdala nuclei in the elaboration of basic social behaviors. This will complement our current understanding of the role of the amygdala in social perception. A more detailed understanding of the role that individual nuclei of the amygdala play in the production of gaze following and facial mimicry will take us one step closer toward identifying the causes of shared social deficits in neurodevelopmental and other psychiatric disorders. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The current proposal is relevant to mental health because it explores the possible source of shared deficits of social behavior in neurodevelopmental disorders and in several mental illnesses. Gaze following and facial mimicry are basic behaviors on which more complex social behaviors are built and they are impaired in multiple mental disorders. The proposed research will determine any causal relationship between the functional integrity of amygdala and production of these basic social behaviors in non-human primates.

描述（由申请人提供）：凝视跟随和面部模仿是人类和非人类灵长类动物的社会行为的基本要素。凝视关注对于发展共享注意力和一种被称为心理理论的心理现象至关重要。面部模仿是一种共同的情感形式，构成了同理心的基础。这些行为在神经发育障碍和严重的精神疾病（包括精神分裂症，抑郁症和社会恐惧症）中受到深远的影响。当杏仁核损坏或正常凝视且面部模仿时，也会受到损害，这表明杏仁核可能在这些行为中起重要作用。为了确定杏仁核在这些基本的社会行为中的作用，我们建议使猴子的杏仁核与它们与自然主义视频“互动”，从而引起关注和面部模仿。然而，杏仁核包括几个核，每个核具有不同的连通性和不同的功能。我们建议将杏仁核的每个主核有选择地灭活，以检验以下假设：（1）灵长类动物杏仁核的基底外侧核对于关注关注是必需的，并且（2）中央核是面部模仿的必要条件。这些假设基于每个核群的已知解剖连通性，其与社会行为有关的皮质和皮层结构。基底外侧核与皮质区域相连，涉及控制眼运动的控制，并且在确定个人在哪里寻找的较高认知功能。中央核与皮层下回路连接，这些回路具有低水平的感知和运动功能，这些功能可能是进行眼神交流并模仿非自愿面部表达的必要的。拟议的研究将确定不同杏仁核在阐述基本社会行为中的作用。这将补充我们当前对杏仁核在社会感知中的作用的理解。对杏仁核各个核在生产中发挥的作用的更详细理解 凝视跟随和面部模仿将使我们更近一步，以确定神经发育和其他精神病中共同社会缺陷的原因。 公共卫生相关性：当前的提案与心理健康有关，因为它探讨了神经发育障碍和几种精神疾病中社会行为的共同缺陷的可能来源。凝视跟随和面部模仿是建立更复杂的社会行为，并且在多种精神障碍中受损的基本行为。拟议的研究将确定杏仁核的功能完整性与非人类灵长类动物中这些基本社会行为的产生之间的任何因果关系。