Early psychosocial deprivation and risk taking among adolescents in Romania

罗马尼亚青少年的早期社会心理剥夺和冒险行为

• 批准号: 8759284
• 负责人: Catalina Kopetz
• 金额: $ 16.42万
• 依托单位: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-05-01 至 2016-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8759284
• 关键词: 8 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Attention; Behavior; Birth; Caring; Child; Child Abuse and Neglect; Clinical Trials; Cognitive; Collaborations; Development; Drug Addiction; Early Intervention; Emotional; Ethics; Exhibits; Experimental Models; Family; Goals; Guide prevention; Health; Human; Individual; Individual Differences; Infant; Institution; Institutionalization; Institutionalized Child; International; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Left; Link; Mediating; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Nature; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Poverty; Prevention; Preventive Intervention; Process; Psychosocial Deprivation; Randomized; Randomized Clinical Trials; Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Risk-Taking; Role; Romania; Sampling; Single-Parent Family; Staging; behavior measurement; demographics; early adolescence; early experience; experience; foster care; high risk; innovation; insight; preference; programs; psychosocial; relating to nervous system; research study; skills; therapy development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adolescence is a developmental period associated with a dramatic increase in risky behaviors including substance use and other potentially health-compromising behaviors. Extensive research has been conducted to identify the factors that may heighten the vulnerability for engagement in risk behaviors among adolescents. Among such factors, early adversity and its developmental effects across neural, socio-cognitive, and emotional domains has been often linked to heightened vulnerability for delinquent behaviors and risk taking. Although the relationship between psychosocial adversities and engagement in risk taking behavior has been well established, ethical and practical concerns have limited our ability to conduct experimental research that would allow a direct investigation of the causal role of psychosocial adversities on risk taking. As such, our knowledge about the nature of this relationship and the mechanisms underlying it remains limited. In line with the goals of this international collaboration application, the present study aims to address these limitations and assess the impact of early psychosocial adversities on adolescent risk taking, as well as to explore the mediating role of disinhibitory processes assessed through a behavioral measure. To this aim, we will use a unique sample of adolescents in Romania who, over the past 10 years, participated in a randomized clinical trial of a foster care/family intervention and who are now entering early adolescence. In this clinical trial, infants abandoned since birth and raised in institutions in Bucharest, Romania were randomly assigned either to be removed from the institution and placed into a family/foster care intervention or to be left in the institutions to care as usual. These children were subsequently followed through 8 years of age such that the sample has been well characterized with regard to multiple domains of psychosocial functioning. Given the uniqueness of the sample as well as the innovative assessment approach, the current study represents a unique opportunity to understand how early psychosocial deprivation may impact disinhibitory processes as risk taking vulnerability which may in turn heighten the likelihood of engagement in risky behaviors in adolescence. This is particularly relevant as prevention and intervention efforts move toward idiographic strategies that attempt to identify deficits and provide relevant skill development for such deficits. Thus, the ability to identify the processes underlying deficits and vulnerabilities is crucial for prevention and intervention development targeting those most at risk.

描述（由申请人提供）：青春期是与风险行为的急剧增加有关的发展期，包括药物使用和其他潜在的健康促进行为。已经进行了广泛的研究，以确定可能增加青少年参与风险行为的脆弱性的因素。在这些因素中，早期的逆境及其在神经，社会认知和情感领域中的发育效果通常与增加犯罪行为和冒险的脆弱性有关。尽管社会心理逆境与参与冒险行为之间的关系已经良好建立，但道德和实践问题限制了我们进行实验研究的能力，这将允许直接调查心理社会逆境在冒险中的因果作用。因此，我们对这种关系的性质及其基础机制的了解仍然有限。根据这项国际协作应用的目标，本研究旨在解决这些局限性，并评估早期社会心理逆境对青少年风险服用的影响，并探索通过行为措施评估的抑制过程的中介作用。为此，我们将使用罗马尼亚的独特青少年样本，在过去的10年中，他们参加了寄养/家庭干预的随机临床试验，他们现在正在进入青春期早期。在这项临床试验中，自出生以来被废弃并在布加勒斯特的机构中养育的婴儿被随机分配要么从该机构中删除，并将其置于家庭/寄养干预措施中，或者将其留在机构中照顾照常。随后遵循这些儿童到8岁，以使样本在心理社会功能的多个领域中得到很好的特征。鉴于样本的独特性以及创新的评估方法，当前的研究代表了一个独特的机会，可以理解早期的社会心理剥夺如何影响抑制过程，因为冒险冒险脆弱性，进而增加了在青春期中参与风险行为的可能性。这尤其重要，因为预防和干预努力朝着试图识别赤字并为此类缺陷提供相关技能开发的双印度策略。因此，确定赤字和脆弱性的过程的能力对于针对最大风险的人的预防和干预开发至关重要。