SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC PREDICTORS OF PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION

身体和认知功能的社会和经济预测因素

• 批准号: 8589056
• 负责人: LISA F BERKMAN
• 金额: $ 5.61万
• 依托单位: HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-15 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8589056
• 关键词: Activities of Daily Living; Adult; Affect; Africa; Africa South of the Sahara; African; Age; Aging; Blood Vessels; Blood specimen; Caring; Chronic Disease; Cognitive; Cohort Studies; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Country; Data; Data Quality; Demographic Transitions; Developed Countries; Diabetes Mellitus; Disadvantaged; Disease; Disease Outcome; Economics; Elderly; Enrollment; Equilibrium; Equipment; Family; Future; Geographic Locations; Ghana; Goals; HIV; Health; Health Policy; Household; Hypertension; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Income; Individual; Injury; Instruction; Longitudinal Studies; Low income; Measures; Medical Assistance; Memory; Mental Health; Methods; Obesity; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Performance; Personal Satisfaction; Physical Function; Physical assessment; Population; Prevalence; Productivity; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Shapes; Social Health Services; Social Policies; Social isolation; Socioeconomic Status; Source; South Africa; Surveys; Survival Rate; Tanzania; Testing; Time; Walking; Western Europe; Woman; base; cognitive function; cohort; community living; disability; functional outcomes; genetic analysis; grasp; improved; labor force participation; men; mortality; population based; social; socioeconomics; surveillance data; trend

Project 1: Social and Economic Predictors of Physical and Cognitive Function Functional outcomes such as disability and cognitive impairment critically affect independence and productivity in old age, especially in low-income countries where medical assistance and access to adaptive equipment are limited. However, current surveillance data of disability are extremely limited, and evidence on determinants of functional outcomes in older Africans is heavily dependent on the very few population-based cohorts. There is an urgent need for high-quality data on functional outcomes in adults in sub-Saharan Africa, including both performance-based and self-reported outcomes. Our long term goal is to enrich the INDEPTH cohort studies so they can be used to plan health and social services through the identification of specific, modifiable factors that promote physical and cognitive health of elderly. The overall objective of this project is to introduce validated performance-based and self-reported assessments of physical and cognitive function into three INDEPTH cohorts (in Ghana, Tanzania, and South Africa) and use these data to test whether selected risk factors predict physical or cognitive impairments. This project is tightly integrated with other projects. Functional outcomes and chronic diseases, including cardiometabolic disorders and HIV, are related to Projects 2 and 3 where these disease outcomes are identified. Project 4 uses functional data in analyses of well-being & productivity. Project 1 draws on two waves three years apart for South Africa, and one wave in Ghana and Tanzania; these new surveys will enroll 4000 men and women 50+ in three INDEPTH communities (n=12,000) including all surviving participants from the 2006 SAGE short and long studies. The aims of this project are: AIM 1. To compare the prevalence of physical disability and cognitive impairment using harmonized methods across the three INDEPTH countries. AIM 2. To describe trajectories of mobility and activities of daily living (ADLs) for older adults in South Africa and compare these trajectories to available data on cohorts in Ghana and Tanzania. Here we draw on data from several sources to obtain longitudinal data over a period of 3-7 years. AIM 3. To evaluate social isolation, socioeconomic status, and adult vascular risk factors and HIV as predictors of physical and cognitive impairments and mortality.

项目1：身体和认知功能功能结果的社会和经济预测因素，例如残疾和认知障碍，严重影响了老年的独立性和生产力，尤其是在低收入国家的医疗援助和适应性设备受到限制的低收入国家。但是，当前的残疾监视数据极为有限，并且关于非洲老年人功能结果的决定因素的证据在很大程度上取决于很少的基于人群的同伙。迫切需要关于撒哈拉以南非洲成年人功能结果的高质量数据，包括基于绩效和自我报告的结果。我们的长期目标是丰富深入的队列研究，以便通过识别促进老年人身体和认知健康的特定，可修改的因素来计划健康和社会服务。该项目的总体目的是将基于绩效的和自我报告的物理和认知功能评估引入三个深入的人群（在加纳，坦桑尼亚和南非）中，并使用这些数据来测试所选风险因素是否预测身体或认知障碍。该项目与其他项目紧密整合。功能结果和慢性疾病，包括心脏代谢性疾病和HIV，与鉴定这些疾病结果的项目2和3有关。项目4在福祉和生产力的分析中使用功能数据。项目1在南非相距三年的两波浪潮，加纳和坦桑尼亚的一波浪潮。这些新的调查将在三个独立社区（n = 12,000）中招募4000多名男性和女性，其中包括2006年Sage短期和长期研究的所有幸存参与者。该项目的目的是：目标1。使用三个内在国家 /协调的方法比较身体残疾和认知障碍的流行。目的2。描述南非老年人的流动性和日常生活活动（ADL）的轨迹，并将这些轨迹与加纳和坦桑尼亚的同伙可用数据进行比较。在这里，我们借鉴了来自几个来源的数据，以在3 - 7年的时间内获取纵向数据。目的3。评估社会隔离，社会经济地位以及成人血管危险因素以及艾滋病毒作为身体和认知障碍和死亡率的预测因素。