Linking Personality and SES Influences on Lifespan Health

将人格与社会经济地位对寿命健康的影响联系起来

• 批准号: 8122118
• 负责人: Benjamin P Chapman
• 金额: $ 12.48万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8122118
• 关键词: Adopted; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Area; Attention; Award; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Markers; Cohort Studies; Complement; Complex; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Data Sources; Development; Disadvantaged; Doctor of Philosophy; Elderly; Epidemiology; Fellowship; Funding; Future; Genes; Grant; Half-Life; Hawaii; Health; Health behavior; Heterogeneity; Individual; Inflammatory; Interleukin-6; K-Series Research Career Programs; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Life Style; Link; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Measurement; Medical center; Mentors; Minority; Modeling; Outcome; Pattern; Personality; Personality Traits; Persons; Preparation; Primary Health Care; Process; Psychologist; Psychology; Public Health; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Resources; Risk; Sample Size; Sampling; Shapes; Social Environment; Social Psychology; Socioeconomic Factors; Stratification; Structure; Taxonomy; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Universities; Ursidae Family; base; biological adaptation to stress; burden of illness; cohort; deprivation; design; experience; follow-up; health disparity; healthy aging; heuristics; middle age; programs; psychologic; skills; social; social inequality; socioeconomics; statistics; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In this K08 Mentored Career Development Award application, Ben Chapman, PhD, a psychologist at the University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC), proposes to integrate approaches from personality psychology and social epidemiology to study socioeconomically (SES) based health disparities across the latter part of life. Proposed are a comprehensive educational plan, original data collection, and secondary analyses of existing datasets designed to equip the applicant to become a leading investigator of how the social stratification in lifespan health trajectories is influenced by individual personality. He will receive formal training in social epidemiology, health and aging, and multilevel statistics through formal coursework and mentored didactics with a team of nationally recognized experts in these areas. Dr. Chapman's research program proposes two scientific aims, based on a synthesis of theory and findings from social epidemiology and personality and health, under a conceptual framework of life course epidemiology. The Aims examine the interaction between personality and SES factors influencing health behaviors and general illness burden across the second half of life. New data collection focuses on how personality influences health under conditions of socioeconomic deprivation, involving 18-24 month follow up of a pilot cohort (N=106) of ethnically diverse, lower SES middle age and older adults currently being accrued. This will provide Dr. Chapman with valuable experience following a small cohort over a short time, in preparation for larger studies, and obtain health data rare in existing data sources, like inflammatory biomarkers. Existing data sources are selected for longitudinal information on personality, SES, and health, permitting well-powered hypothesis tests over the Midlife Development in the US, Hawaii Culture and Health, and Older Adults in Primary Care studies. From a public health view, lifespan health is powerfully tied to social inequalities; but not all disadvantaged people suffer worse, and not all advantaged people enjoy better health as they age. Attention to individual psychological and behavioral dispositions can aid understanding of this heterogeneity. Blending personality and social epidemiology will better illuminate the interface between person and social structure in healthy aging.

描述（由申请人提供）：在这份 K08 指导职业发展奖申请中，罗切斯特大学医学中心 (URMC) 的心理学家 Ben Chapman 博士建议整合人格心理学和社会流行病学的方法来研究社会经济 (SES)基于生命后期的健康差异。提出了全面的教育计划、原始数据收集以及对现有数据集的二次分析，旨在使申请人成为研究个人性格如何影响生命周期健康轨迹中的社会分层的主要研究者。他将通过正规课程接受社会流行病学、健康和老龄化以及多层次统计方面的正式培训，并由这些领域的国家认可专家团队进行指导教学。查普曼博士的研究计划在生命历程流行病学的概念框架下，基于社会流行病学以及人格与健康的理论和研究结果的综合，提出了两个科学目标。这些目标研究了人格与影响后半生健康行为和一般疾病负担的社会经济地位因素之间的相互作用。新数据收集的重点是在社会经济匮乏的条件下性格如何影响健康，包括对目前正在收集的种族多样化、社会经济地位较低的中年和老年人试点队列（N = 106）进行 18-24 个月的随访。这将为查普曼博士提供在短时间内跟踪小规模队列的宝贵经验，为更大规模的研究做准备，并获得现有数据源中罕见的健康数据，例如炎症生物标志物。选择现有数据源来获取有关人格、社会经济地位和健康的纵向信息，从而可以对美国中年发展、夏威夷文化与健康以及初级保健中的老年人研究进行强有力的假设检验。从公共卫生的角度来看，终生健康与社会不平等密切相关。但并非所有弱势群体都遭受更严重的痛苦，也并非所有优势群体随着年龄的增长都享有更好的健康状况。关注个人的心理和行为倾向可以帮助理解这种异质性。将人格与社会流行病学相结合将更好地阐明健康老龄化过程中人与社会结构之间的界面。