Coding of Action by Motor & Premotor Cortical Ensembles

电机动作编码

基本信息

批准号：
8579401
负责人：
Nicholas G Hatsopoulos
金额：
$ 38.44万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2004-07-01 至 2018-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8579401
关键词：
Affect Area Behavior Behavioral Code Complex Computing Methodologies Development Devices Disabled Persons Distal Dorsal Elbow Electric Stimulation Electrodes Environment Etiology Exhibits Fingers Food Freedom Frequencies Goals Hand Human Implant Injury Joints Lateral Lead Limb structure Link Location Measures Medial Mediating Methods Monitor Monkeys Motion Motor Motor Cortex Movement Muscle Neurons Neurosciences Optics Patients Pattern Phase Plant Roots Primates Process Property Prosthesis Psychophysics Rehabilitation therapy Research Shapes Shoulder Signal Transduction Speed Spinal cord damage Stroke System Techniques Testing Time Travel Upper Extremity Upper arm Work Wrist arm base density design digital grasp kinematics motor control neglect neural patterning neural prosthesis nonhuman primate novel public health relevance relating to nervous system research study tool

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to understand how ensembles of interacting neurons in multiple motor cortical areas coordinate proximal and distal components in reaching and reach-to-grasp behavior. Psychophysical research has determined that reaching and prehensile movements are characterized by distinct coordination patterns among the arm, wrist, and fingers and has postulated the existence of coordination mechanisms that temporally couple these segments of the upper limb. However, the neural substrate underlying these temporal coordination patterns is unknown. We have recently discovered the existence of travelling wave activity as recorded from local field potential (LFP) recordings in non-human primates that propagates horizontally across primary motor (MI), dorsal premotor (PMd), and ventral premotor (PMv) cortices. These propagating waves are mediated by oscillatory activity in the beta frequency range (i.e. 15-40 Hz) and propagate primarily along a rostro-caudal axis in MI and PMv and a medio-lateral axis in PMd. Given the gradient in proximal and distal movement representations along these axes in these areas, our working hypothesis is that these waves reflect the coordination of proximal and distal components of the upper limb during reaching and prehension. In particular, rostral MI, caudal PMv, and medial PMd are associated with proximal limb segments of the shoulder and elbow and caudal, rostral, and lateral regions of MI, PMv, and PMd, respectively are associated with distal limb segments of the wrist and fingers. Therefore, the proximal-to-distal sequencing of the upper arm that characterizes many behaviors including the accelerative phase of reach-to-grasp is signaled by wave propagation in the rostral-to-caudal direction in MI, caudal-to-rostral direction in PMv, and medial-to-lateral direction in PMd. In contrast, distal-to-proximal coordination patterns should be associated with wave propagation in the opposite direction. We will 1) determine whether properties of these propagating waves correlate with distinct coordination patterns of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, and fingers during reach and reach- to-grasp behaviors; 2) establish a link between these wave properties and behavior via behavioral constraints and perturbations 3) determine whether multiple single unit activity reflects spatio-temporal patterns consistent with the LFP waves recorded on the same electrode arrays. To accomplish this, high-density electrode arrays will be chronically implanted in MI, PMv, and PMd from which 100s of single units and local field potentials will be simultaneously recorded while monkeys reach for and grasp objects of different sizes, shapes, and orientations in different three-dimensional locations. A digital optical tracking system using a set of ten infrared cameras will monitor the kinematics of the arm and hand during reach-to-grasp behavior and EMG signals will measure activity from arm, wrist, and extrinsic finger muscles. A set of classical and novel computational methods will be employed to characterize the dynamics of wave activity measured using LFPs and multiple single units.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的目标是了解多个运动皮层区域中相互作用的神经元群如何协调近端和远端组件的伸手和抓握行为。心理物理学研究已经确定，伸手和抓握运动的特点是手臂、手腕和手指之间的独特协调模式，并假设存在暂时耦合上肢这些部分的协调机制。然而，这些时间协调模式背后的神经基础尚不清楚。我们最近发现非人类灵长类动物的局部场电位（LFP）记录中存在行波活动，该行波活动在初级运动（MI）、背侧前运动（PMd）和腹侧前运动（PMv）皮层水平传播。这些传播波由 beta 频率范围（即 15-40 Hz）内的振荡活动介导，并且主要沿着 MI 和 PMv 中的头尾轴以及 PMd 中的中外侧轴传播。考虑到这些区域中沿这些轴的近端和远端运动表示的梯度，我们的工作假设是这些波反映了上肢在伸手和抓握过程中近端和远端组件的协调。特别是，吻部 MI、尾部 PMv 和内侧 PMd 与肩部和肘部的近端肢体段相关，MI、PMv 和 PMd 的尾部、吻部和外侧区域分别与腕部和肘部的远端肢体段相关。手指。因此，上臂从近端到远端的排序表征了许多行为，包括伸手抓握的加速阶段，在 MI 中通过从头到尾方向的波传播来发出信号，在 MI 中通过尾到头方向的波传播来表示。 PMv 和 PMd 中的内侧到外侧方向。相反，从远端到近端的协调模式应该是与波向相反方向传播有关。我们将1）确定这些传播波的特性是否与伸手和抓握行为期间肩部、肘部、手腕和手指的不同协调模式相关； 2) 通过行为约束和扰动在这些波属性和行为之间建立联系 3) 确定多个单个单元活动是否反映与相同电极阵列上记录的 LFP 波一致的时空模式。为了实现这一目标，高密度电极阵列将被长期植入 MI、PMv 和 PMd 中，当猴子伸手抓住不同大小、形状和方向的物体时，将同时记录数百个单个单元和局部场电位。不同的三维位置。使用一组十个红外摄像机的数字光学跟踪系统将监测手臂和手在抓握行为期间的运动学，并且肌电图信号将测量手臂、手腕和外在手指肌肉的活动。将采用一组经典和新颖的计算方法来表征使用 LFP 和多个单个单元测量的波浪活动的动力学。