HIV-Related Behavior among Rural African American, Young Adult Men

农村非裔美国人、年轻成年男性中与艾滋病毒相关的行为

• 批准号: 8416270
• 负责人: STEVEN M KOGAN
• 金额: $ 41.07万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-02-01 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8416270
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Affect; African American; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Anger; Area; Behavior; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Communities; Competence; Data; Data Collection; Development; Economics; Effectiveness; Emotions; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Family Research; Goals; HIV; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Lead; Life; Link; Masculine; Mediating; Mentors; Modeling; Occupational; Occupations; Parents; Pathway interactions; Pilot Projects; Population Programs; Prevention; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Process; Public Health; Race; Recommendation; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Resources; Respondent; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Rural; Rural Community; Sampling; Science; Sex Behavior; Socioeconomic Status; Specific qualifier value; Stress; Surveys; System; Target Populations; Testing; Time; Woman; base; college; contextual factors; critical period; experience; high school; innovation; men; peer; programs; psychosocial; public health relevance; racial discrimination; rural area; sex; sexual relationship; sound; stressor; urban area; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Nationally, rates of HIV among African American men who have sex with women (MSW) in both rural and urban areas are nearly 10 times as high as those reported for Caucasian MSW and have increased annually since 2004. This increase is particularly evident in small towns and rural communities in the South. The years following high school are a critical period when rural African American MSW are particularly vulnerable to engaging in behaviors that increase their risk for HIV and other STIs. Few attend college and, in the rural South, job opportunities that lead to stable occupations are scarce. With no stake in conventional educational or occupational systems, the transition to the workforce can be demoralizing and protracted. Some who see no pathway to adequate subsistence or attainment of personal goals may experience increases in anger and other negative emotions that encourage substance use; undermine stable, monogamous relationships; and compromise protective sexual behavior. Based on the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) prescription for prevention science, the development of effective prevention programs requires etiological models that link contextual factors with proximal risk and protective mechanisms that forecast HIV-related risk behavior in a specified target population. Currently, this information does not exist for African American MSW in general or rural MSW in particular. Although program developers may create or adapt programs for rural African American MSW without the necessary scientific data, implementing programs that are not based on sound etiological models will undermine their public health impact. Consistent with IOM recommendations, the proposed research will provide the necessary next step for the development of efficacious HIV prevention interventions for rural African American MSW during young adulthood. We propose to sample 500 rural African American men age 18-21 who live in a region of central Georgia typical of areas in the rural South with large proportions of African American residents. Men from this region will provide survey data 3 times at 12-month intervals. The conceptual model that guides the study incorporates the following processes: (a) contextual risk factors including economic opportunities and stressors, racial discrimination, and risk-promoting peer affiliations and norms; (b) proximal risk mechanisms including negative emotionality, risk-promoting masculine ideology, and sexual relationship dynamics; (c) protective factors including racial pride, self-regulatory competence, and risk-deterring relationships with parents and informal mentor figures, and (d) HIV-related behaviors including substance use, unprotected intercourse, and multiple and concurrent sexual partnerships.

描述（由申请人提供）：在全国范围内，在农村和城市地区与妇女发生性关系（MSW）的非洲裔美国男性中的艾滋病毒率接近近10倍的高度10倍，自2004年以来每年都有每年增加的艾滋病毒。在南部的小城镇和农村社区中，这种增长尤为明显。高中毕业后的几年是一个关键时期，即农村非裔美国人MSW特别容易从事增加艾滋病毒和其他性传播感染风险的行为。很少上大学，在南部的农村，导致稳定职业的工作机会很少。由于没有传统的教育或职业制度的利益，向劳动力的过渡可能会丧气和旷日持久。有些人看不到足够生存或实现个人目标的途径的人可能会经历愤怒和其他负面情绪的增加，这些情绪鼓励使用毒品；破坏稳定，一夫一妻制的关系；并妥协保护性行为。根据医学研究所（IOM）预防科学处方，开发有效的预防计划需要病因模型，将上下文因素与近端风险和保护机制联系起来，以预测指定目标人群中与HIV相关的风险行为。目前，非裔美国人MSW尤其是农村MSW不存在此信息。尽管计划开发人员可以在没有必要的科学数据的情况下为农村非裔美国人MSW创建或调整计划，但实施不基于合理病因的计划会破坏其公共卫生的影响。与IOM建议一致，拟议的研究将为成年期间非裔美国人MSW的有效艾滋病毒预防干预措施提供必要的下一步。 我们建议采样500名18-21岁的非洲裔美国男性，他们居住在南部乔治亚州中部地区的一个典型地区，南部地区的地区，有大量的非裔美国人居民。来自该地区的男性将以12个月的间隔提供3次调查数据。指导该研究的概念模型结合了以下过程：（a）上下文风险因素，包括经济机会和压力源，种族歧视以及促进风险的同伴隶属关系和规范； （b）近端风险机制，包括负面情绪，促进风险的男性意识形态和性关系动态； （c）保护因素，包括种族骄傲，自我调节能力以及与父母和非正式导师人物的风险探讨关系，以及（d）与HIV相关的行为，包括药物使用，未经保护的性交以及多种和并发的性伙伴关系。