Project 1

项目1

• 批准号: 8539817
• 负责人: Marian E Berryhill
• 金额: $ 17.32万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA RENO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8539817
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adult; Age; Attention; Basic Science; Behavioral; Brain; Cognition; Cognitive; Communication; Complex; Failure; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Hospitals; Individual; Instruction; Knowledge; Lesion; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Memory impairment; Mind; Neuropsychology; Neurosciences; Outcome; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Participant; Performance; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Protocols documentation; Psyche structure; Published Comment; Role; Scalp structure; Short-Term Memory; Techniques; Telephone; Testing; Therapeutic Studies; Training Programs; Traumatic Brain Injury; Visit; Visual; Visuospatial; Work; aging brain; aging population; base; cognitive function; design; executive function; experience; healthy aging; improved; named group; neural stimulation; neuroimaging; neuron loss; novel; rehearsal; relating to nervous system; research study; white matter; white matter damage; young adult

Understanding the Neural Basis of Working IVIemory to Improve WIVI Function The purpose of this proposal is to conduct basic research to understand the neural correlates of working memory. The second purpose is to then apply our findings to improve working memory function in the healthy aging and in those with traumatic brain injury through novel neurostimulation protocols. First, we will use functional neuroimaging (fMRI) to test two contradictory theoretical viewpoints regarding the role of the posterior parietal cortex in working memory. It is important to understand the role of the posterior parietal cortex to appropriately design therapeutic studies for improving working memory. Thus, the results from the first experiments will guide the design and predicted outcomes ofthe applied experiments in which transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is applied to special populations. TDCS is thought to improve cognitive function through several mechanisms. The tDCS technique involves the application of a safe, low level of electrical current to the scalp. The electrical current passes into the cortex and can transiently increase or decrease the likelihood of neurononal firing in the cortex, and it may also increase the activity in white matter tracts to overcome white matter damage. We predict that anodal (+) tDCS applied to the prefrontal and/or parietal cortices, will improve visuospatial and verbal working memory function by increasing the underactivity of cortical activations in the healthy aging. In a longitudinal study of working memory, we will apply parietal, prefrontal or alternating parietal/prefrontal anodal tDCS to separate groups of healthy aging individuals. The duration of improvement will be tested by bringing participants in for a final behavioral session one month after their final tDCS session. The second set of applied experiments will test whether tDCS can also be used effectively to improve cognitive function in participants with mild or moderate traumatic brain injury. In these participants, there is is often white matter damage. We will conduct experiments to see if alternating parietal/prefrontal tDCS stimulation will improve visuospatial or verbal working memory in those with traumatic brain injury.

了解工作的神经基础，以提高WIVI功能 该提案的目的是进行基础研究以了解工作的神经相关性 记忆。第二目的是将我们的发现应用于在 健康的衰老以及通过新的神经刺激方案患有创伤性脑损伤的人。首先，我们会的 使用功能性神经影像学（fMRI）来测试有关该作用的两个矛盾的理论观点 工作记忆中的后顶叶皮层。了解后顶叶的作用很重要 适当设计用于改善工作记忆的治疗研究的皮层。因此，来自 第一个实验将指导设计和预测应用实验的结果 经颅直流刺激（TDC）应用于特殊人群。 TDC被认为可以改善 通过多种机制的认知功能。 TDCS技术涉及安全，低 电流的水平到头皮。电流进入皮层，可以瞬时 增加或降低皮质中神经元发射的可能性，并且也可能增加活性 白质区以克服白质损害。我们预测，阳极（+）TDC应用于 前额叶和/或顶叶皮层将通过 增加健康衰老中皮质激活的不足。在一项纵向研究中 记忆，我们将应用顶叶，前额叶或交替的顶叶/前额阳极TDCS分开的组 健康老龄化的人。通过让参与者参加决赛，将测试改进的持续时间 最终TDCS会话结束后一个月。第二组应用实验将测试 是否也可以有效地使用TDC来改善轻度或中等的参与者的认知功能 创伤性脑损伤。在这些参与者中，通常会有白质损害。我们将进行 实验以查看交替的顶叶/前额叶TDC刺激是否会改善视觉空间或口头 脑损伤的人的工作记忆。