The nature of parietal involvement in visual short-term memory

视觉短期记忆中顶叶参与的本质

• 批准号: 7544178
• 负责人: Marian E Berryhill
• 金额: $ 5.29万
• 依托单位: TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-01 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7544178
• 关键词: Abbreviations; Address; Affect; Agnosia; Ataxia; Attention; Behavioral; Bilateral; Categories; Cause of Death; Color; Commit; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Dimensions; Employee Strikes; Exhibits; Fingers; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Impairment; Individual; Left; Lesion; Literature; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maintenance; Measures; Memory; Memory impairment; Methodology; Nature; Numbers; Optics; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Patients; Performance; Process; Public Health; Rehabilitation therapy; Reporting; Research; Retrieval; Role; Shapes; Short-Term Memory; Stimulus; Stroke; Symptoms; Task Performances; Time; United States; Vision; Visual; Visuospatial; Work; cognitive function; disability; intraparietal sulcus; memory recognition; memory retrieval; neuroimaging; neuropsychological; novel; rehabilitation strategy; response; spatial neglect; tool; visual memory

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The aim of this revised proposal is to further detail the role of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) in visual short-term memory (VSTM). A number of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies observe bilateral PPC activations during varied VSTM tasks. In contrast, PPC damage is not associated with generalized deficits in VSTM performance. Right PPC damage is known to impair spatial attention while left PPC damage is known to impair processing of numerical magnitude. The conflict between fMRI and patient data suggests several possibilities: VSTM deficits in PPC patients have not been carefully evaluated, or neuroimaging activations are epiphenomenal to VSTM task performance. In preliminary studies, I show that unilateral right PPC patients exhibit general impairment at VSTM for object, spatial and object-spatial VSTM for colors, novel shapes and tools stimulus categories. Left PPC patients do not exhibit general VSTM deficits, performing normally in the VSTM tasks. Bilateral PPC patients with simultanagnosia (the inability to see more than 1 thing at a time) are also globally impaired. Bilateral PPC also demonstrate sensitivity to experimental paradigm and performed worse in old/new VSTM recognition than in comparable recall tasks. The goal of the proposed studies is to investigate the parameters of PPC involvement in VSTM. Unresolved issues are addressed: the mechanism of VSTM impairment (encoding, maintenance, capacity, retrieval), whether recognition paradigms (old/new recognition versus 2 alternative forced-choice) affect bilateral PPC recognition performance, and whether left PPC activitations are due to involvement in processing magnitude. To accomplish this goal, I propose studies examining VSTM using complimentary approaches: neuropsychological studies of unilateral and bilateral parietal patients, as well as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with normal subjects. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This set of studies is particularly relevant to the rehabilitation of parietal stroke patients. In the United States, stroke affects approximately 700,000 people annually, is the third leading cause of death, and is the leading cause of serious, long-term disability. Parietal lobe strokes are relatively common and the behavioral consequences on vision and action are devastating. In the proposed studies, VSTM impairments in parietal patients are evaluated. Deficits in VSTM have direct real-world implications relating to cognitive function. These data may provide affordable assessment measures and help guide rehabilitation strategies.

描述（由申请人提供）：该修订的建议的目的是进一步详细说明后顶叶皮层（PPC）在视觉短期内存（VSTM）中的作用。许多功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）研究在不同的VSTM任务中观察到双侧PPC激活。相反，PPC损害与VSTM性能中的普遍缺陷无关。已知右PPC损害会损害空间注意力，而左PPC损伤已知会损害数值幅度的处理。功能磁共振成像和患者数据之间的冲突表明了几种可能性：尚未仔细评估PPC患者的VSTM缺陷，或者神经成像激活对VSTM任务性能的表现为epiphenomenal。在初步研究中，我表明，单侧右PPC患者在VSTM上表现出对物体，空间和对象空间VSTM的普遍损害，用于颜色，新型形状和工具刺激类别。左PPC患者不表现出一般VSTM缺陷，在VSTM任务中正常执行。双侧PPC同时患者（一次无法看到1件事）也受到全球障碍。双边PPC还表现出对实验范式的敏感性，并且在旧/新VSTM识别中的表现比在可比的召回任务中更差。拟议的研究的目的是研究PPC参与VSTM的参数。解决未解决的问题是：VSTM损伤的机制（编码，维护，容量，检索），是否识别范式（旧/新识别与2个替代强制选择）是否会影响双边PPC识别性能，以及是否允许剩下的PPC激活归因于处理幅度。为了实现这一目标，我提出了使用免费方法检查VSTM的研究：单侧和双侧顶叶患者的神经心理学研究，以及正常受试者的功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）。公共卫生相关性：这组研究与顶式中风患者的康复特别相关。在美国，中风每年影响约70万人，是死亡的第三大主要原因，是严重，长期残疾的主要原因。顶叶中风相对普遍，对视力和行动的行为后果是毁灭性的。在拟议的研究中，评估顶叶患者的VSTM损伤。 VSTM中的缺陷具有与认知功能有关的直接现实含义。这些数据可以提供负担得起的评估措施，并有助于指导康复策略。