Biopsychosocial Determinants of Adolescent Obesity/Cardiovascular Risk

青少年肥胖/心血管风险的生物心理社会决定因素

• 批准号: 8314049
• 负责人: SHEILA GAHAGAN
• 金额: $ 48.42万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-25 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8314049
• 关键词: 10 year old; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; American; Anthropometry; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Factors; Biological Markers; Body Composition; Body mass index; Breast Feeding; Cardiovascular Diseases; Caregivers; Child; Childhood; Chile; Circadian Rhythms; Cohort Studies; Collaborations; Communities; Crime; Data; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry; Eating; Eating Behavior; Environment; Family; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Feeding Patterns; Food; Future; Genetic; Goals; Growth; Growth and Development function; Health; Hispanics; Human; Income; Individual; Infant; Institutes; Insulin; Intervention Studies; Iron deficiency anemia; Laboratories; Latin America; Latino; Lead; Leptin; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Lipids; Low income; Measures; Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award; Metabolic; Metabolic syndrome; Michigan; Neighborhoods; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Obesity associated disease; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Physical activity; Physical environment; Population; Prevalence; Preventive; Recording of previous events; Research; Resources; Risk; Role; Sampling; Schools; Sleep; Smoking and Health Research; Social Change; Social Conditions; Technology; Time; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Walking; Youth; adiponectin; biopsychosocial; cardiovascular risk factor; cohort; environmental change; experience; family influence; fasting glucose; feeding; ghrelin; health disparity; high risk; human TNF protein; hypocretin; infancy; interest; muscle form; neurophysiology; nutrition; obesity risk; peer; prevent; psychosocial; response; social; socioeconomics

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The prevalence of adolescent obesity is high in the U.S., and in Latin America. While dramatic environmental changes in the food and physical environment are associated with increased risk, there continues to be inadequate understanding of the individual, family and community level factors that protect against the development of obesity. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms leading to disparate risk for obesity in low-income and Hispanic/Latino youth. The proposed 5-year project aims to elucidate interconnected biological and social pathways associated with adolescent obesity and risk for later development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This application involves approximately 620 Chilean adolescents, assessed in infancy, 3 to 5 years and 10 years as part of a NIH-supported cohort study of the behavioral and developmental effects of preventing iron deficiency anemia in infancy (n = 1645). As such, detailed longitudinal data related to growth, health and development have been collected. At 16 to 17 years, the youth will participate in study of activity, sleep and eating patterns using actigraphic recording and laboratory assessment of eating behavior. In addition, we will measure anthropometry, fat and muscle mass (DXA), fasting glucose, insulin (HOMA IR), lipids, leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, orexin, CRP, and TNF alpha. Detailed information about family history, smoking, health, and psychosocial functioning will also be collected. Neighborhood level factors such as crime, walk ability and resources for physical activity and healthful food attributes will be assessed. Furthermore, a sizeable subset (n = 237) with sleep neurophysiology and actigraphic recordings at multiple time points will participate in 2-night polysmnographic sleep study at 16 years. Guided by a life-course approach, we propose to investigate three Specific Aims: Specific Aim 1 - To evaluate biological and psychosocial determinants of obesity and related metabolic disturbance in a cohort of adolescents followed since early infancy. Specific Aim 2 - To assess associations between obesity/adiposity and biomarkers of adiposity-related metabolic disturbance in this sample of Chilean adolescents. Specific Aim 3 - To assess the role of circadian patterns of physical activity, sleep and eating behavior on adiposity and related metabolic disturbance. The long standing collaboration between the Institute for Nutrition and Technology at the University of Chile and the Center for Human Growth and Development at the University of Michigan provides an outstanding environment to study biological and psychosocial determinants of adolescent obesity in a low- to middle-income cohort of Latin American youth who are very similar in obesity risk to comparable U.S. youth. We expect to advance understanding of how developmental patterns of eating and activity are influenced by early life factors and in turn influence the development of obesity and related metabolic disturbance. Our study is unique in the depth and breadth of longitudinal psychosocial and biological data. We propose research that crosses disciplinary boundaries and has the potential to reveal important determinants of adolescent obesity for future intervention research. PUBLIC HEATLH RELEVANCE: Adolescent obesity develops during childhood in response to biological factors and social conditions. While biological factors such as genetic inheritance are difficult to change, social factors could be targets for preventive efforts. We expect to further understanding of the environmental and social conditions related to the development of obesity in a high risk urban, Hispanic/Latino population. We are interested in how children develop circadian rhythms related to eating, sleeping and activity, and subsequently how these patterns lead to obesity. Our goal is to unveil modifiable conditions in order to prevent obesity and related diseases including cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

描述（由申请人提供）：美国和拉丁美洲的青少年肥胖症的流行率很高。尽管食品和物理环境中的急剧环境变化与风险增加有关，但仍然不足以了解保护肥胖发展的个体，家庭和社区层面因素。需要进一步的研究来了解导致低收入和西班牙裔/拉丁裔青年肥胖风险不同的机制。拟议的5年项目旨在阐明与青少年肥胖有关的相互联系的生物和社会途径，以及后来患有2型糖尿病和心血管疾病的风险。该应用涉及大约620名智利青少年，在婴儿期，3至5年零10年中评估，这是NIH支持的队列研究的一部分，该研究是针对预防婴儿期铁缺乏症的行为和发育效果的一部分（n = 1645）。因此，已经收集了与增长，健康和发展有关的详细纵向数据。在16至17岁时，年轻人将使用Actraphic记录和实验室评估饮食行为来研究活动，睡眠和饮食模式。此外，我们将测量人体测量法，脂肪和肌肉质量（DXA），禁食葡萄糖，胰岛素（HOMA IR），脂质，瘦素，生长素蛋白，脂联素，Orexin，crp，CRP和TNF alpha。还将收集有关家族史，吸烟，健康和社会心理功能的详细信息。将评估犯罪，步行能力和资源等邻里水平因素和健康食品属性。此外，在多个时间点上具有睡眠神经生理学和精神分裂记录的较大子集（n = 237）将在16年的2晚多流行睡眠研究中参加。 在生命过程的指导下，我们建议调查三个具体目标： 特定目的1-评估自婴儿早期以来随后的一系列青少年中，肥胖和相关代谢性疾病的生物学和社会心理决定因素。 具体目的2-评估智利青少年样本中肥胖/肥胖与肥胖相关代谢障碍的生物标志物之间的关联。 特定目标3-评估体育活动，睡眠和饮食行为对肥胖和相关代谢障碍的作用。 智利大学营养与技术研究所与密歇根大学人类成长与发展中心之间的长期合作为研究青少年肥胖的生物学和心理社会心理决定因素提供了一个杰出的环境，在低至中等收入的拉丁美洲青年中，在肥胖风险中与比较美国青年非常相似。我们期望提高人们对饮食和活动的发展模式如何受到早期生命因素的影响，从而影响肥胖和相关代谢障碍的发展。我们的研究在纵向社会心理和生物学数据的深度和广度上是独一无二的。我们提出了跨越学科边界的研究，并有可能揭示青少年肥胖症的重要决定因素，以进行将来的干预研究。公共热LH相关性：青少年肥胖在童年时期就响应生物学因素和社会状况而发展。尽管难以改变遗传遗传之类的生物学因素，但社会因素可能是预防性努力的目标。我们希望进一步了解与高风险城市，西班牙裔/拉丁裔人口中肥胖有关的环境和社会条件。我们对儿童如何发展与饮食，睡眠和活动有关的昼夜节律感兴趣，随后这些模式如何导致肥胖。我们的目标是揭露可修改的疾病，以防止肥胖症和相关疾病，包括心血管疾病和糖尿病。