Alcohol Advertising, Drinking and Driving: A Study of Underage Youth and Adults

酒精广告、酒后驾驶：针对未成年人和成人的研究

• 批准号: 8326079
• 负责人: Dean R Lillard
• 金额: $ 3.43万
• 依托单位: CORNELL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2012-08-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8326079
• 关键词: 20 year old; 21 year old; Accidents; Adolescence; Adult; Advertisements; Advertising; Affect; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; American; Attention; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Characteristics; Consumption; Costs and Benefits; County; DSM-IV; Data; Data Sources; Drowning; Drunk driving; Econometric Models; Expenditure; Exposure to; Forcible intercourse; Goals; Grant; Health; Heavy Drinking; Homicide; Individual; Industry; Informal Social Control; Journals; Label; Link; Literature; Manufacturer Name; Marketing; Mass Media; Measures; Modeling; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Policies; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Role; Safety; Sales; Sampling; Services; Suicide; Taxes; Teenagers; Television; Tobacco; Traffic accidents; United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; Youth; adolescent alcohol; alcohol advertising; alcohol exposure; alcohol monitoring; behavior influence; binge drinking; cost; drinking; drinking behavior; driving behavior; driving under influence; improved; killings; mental development; public policy on alcohol; sexual assault; statistics; trafficking; underage drinking; university student

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Some of the most significant and pervasive public health problems in the US are linked to driving under the influence of alcohol by drinkers of all ages and to underage alcohol consumption. Alcohol is the drug of choice for American youth, although it is illegal for those under the age of 21 to purchase. In 2004, roughly 28.7 percent or 10.8 million youth age 12 to 20 reported having had a drink in the past month (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2007). Although youth of these ages drink less often than the 6 days per month that the average adult drinks, when they do drink youth drink more (a per-occasion average of 5 versus 2.5 drinks of adults 26 and older). In data on the amount they drank in the past month, nearly 19.7 percent or 7.4 million youth report that they consume 5 or more drinks per occasion - an amount that is often labeled "heavy episodic" drinking. Because alcohol is implicated in all kinds of behaviors that affect health, these statistics represent a serious public health dilemma. For example, in 2006 alcohol was involved in traffic accidents that killed 13,740 people in the U.S., almost one-third of all traffic fatalities (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2008). About 1,900 of those who die annually in alcohol-related accidents were under the age of 21. While a number of influences may affect whether and how much youth drink, evidence suggests that alcohol advertising may play a role in drinking behavior. In 2006 alcohol manufacturers spent $1.3 billion advertising their products on television and in magazines (Center on Alcohol Monitoring and Youth, 2007). Until now, the alcohol industry, broadly defined, has regulated itself with respect to advertising. Despite this self-regulation, in 2006 an average youth saw 284 television and 90 magazine alcohol advertisements. Although there is a large empirical literature that investigates the relationship between drinking and advertising, few studies combine the data and study design required to identify whether advertising exposure causes people to drink more or whether the association is spurious. In this project we will use unique data on media people view to create new and improved measures of their exposure to alcohol advertisements and alcohol-related Public Service Announcements (PSAs) in magazines and on television. The goal of the project is to estimate whether exposure affects behavior influenced by alcohol. These behaviors include whether and how much people drink, whether they drink and drive, and the number alcohol-related traffic fatalities that occur in the US. We pay special attention to alcohol consumption, drinking and driving behavior of underage youth.

描述（由申请人提供）：美国一些最重要和普遍的公共卫生问题与所有年龄段的饮酒者酒后驾驶以及未成年人饮酒有关。酒精是美国年轻人的首选毒品，尽管 21 岁以下的人购买酒精是违法的。 2004 年，约 28.7%（即 1080 万 12 至 20 岁青少年）报告称在过去一个月内曾饮酒（药物滥用和心理健康服务管理局，2007 年）。尽管这些年龄段的年轻人饮酒的频率低于成年人平均每月饮酒 6 天的频率，但当他们饮酒时，年轻人的饮酒量却更多（26 岁及以上成年人每次平均饮酒 5 杯，而 2.5 杯）。在过去一个月的饮酒量数据中，近 19.7%（即 740 万青少年）表示，他们每次喝 5 杯或更多饮料，这一数量通常被称为“重度间歇性”饮酒。由于酒精与影响健康的各种行为有关，这些统计数据代表了严重的公共卫生困境。例如，2006 年，美国因饮酒引发的交通事故导致 13,740 人死亡，几乎占所有交通死亡人数的三分之一（国家公路交通安全管理局，2008 年）。每年因酒精相关事故死亡的人中，约有 1,900 人年龄在 21 岁以下。虽然有许多因素可能影响青少年是否饮酒以及饮酒量，但有证据表明，酒类广告可能会影响饮酒行为。 2006 年，酒精制造商花费了 13 亿美元在电视和杂志上为其产品做广告（酒精监测和青年中心，2007 年）。到目前为止，广义上的酒精行业已经在广告方面进行了自我监管。尽管有这种自我监管，2006 年，平均每个年轻人还是看到了 284 个电视和 90 个杂志上的酒类广告。尽管有大量实证文献调查饮酒与广告之间的关系，但很少有研究将所需的数据和研究设计结合起来，以确定广告曝光是否会导致人们饮酒更多，或者这种关联是否是虚假的。在这个项目中，我们将使用有关媒体人们观点的独特数据来创建新的和改进的措施来衡量他们在杂志和电视上接触酒精广告和与酒精相关的公共服务公告（PSA）的情况。该项目的目标是估计暴露是否会影响受酒精影响的行为。这些行为包括人们是否饮酒、饮酒量、是否酒后驾车，以及美国发生的与酒精相关的交通死亡人数。我们特别关注未成年人的饮酒、酒后驾驶行为。