Integrative Functions of the Planum Temporale

颞平面的综合功能

• 批准号: 8197144
• 负责人: Gregory Hickok
• 金额: $ 44.08万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-12-01 至 2013-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8197144
• 关键词: Anatomy; Area; Articulators; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Auditory system; Autistic Disorder; Basic Science; Behavior; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Brain region; Clinical; Clinical Research; Cueing for speech; Cues; Disease; Environment; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Health; Hearing; Heterogeneity; Impaired cognition; Individual; Language; Lead; Left; Link; Lip structure; Location; Maps; Motor; Movement; Pattern; Perception; Process; Production; Public Health; Research; Role; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Series; Speech; Speech Perception; Stream; System; Theoretical model; Visual; base; cognitive function; design; effective therapy; interest; language processing; operation; research study; segregation; sensory integration; spatial integration; speech processing; success; treatment strategy; visual information; visual motor; visual-motor integration

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The functional anatomy of the planum temporale (PT) has been of great theoretical interest for decades, and a focus of recent clinical studies of a number of disorders ranging from autism to schizophrenia. Although the (left) PT was initially thought to subserve language functions, recent basic research has shown that it is multifunctional, being implicated in such diverse processing domains as speech perception and production, tonal processing, auditory-motor integration, spatial hearing, and multi-sensory integration. Given the potential importance of the PT in both theoretical models of cortical function for a range of abilities as well as its widespread clinical implications, a more thorough understanding of the functional organization of the PT is sorely needed. The present proposal seeks to fill this gap through a series of fMRI studies using within subject designs, and organized around four specific aims. Aim 1 is to assess activation patterns for several functions known to activate the PT, including speech perception/production, tonal/melodic perception, sensory-motor integration, visual speech perception, and spatial hearing. Aim 2 seeks to understand the functional basis for sensory-motor activations in the PT. Sensory-motor behaviors have been strongly associated with the PT (particular on the left) both clinically and functionally. This aim examines whether PT sensory-motor activations are more strongly aligned with the auditory system (as is typically thought) or to the vocal tract articulator system (as we have recently hypothesized). In addition, we examine this system's role in temporal sequence processing, which we believe is connected to sensory-motor function. Aim 3 is to identify neural networks supporting the interaction of spatial hearing and speech processing. Both speech-related and spatial hearing- related functions have been associated with PT function. We examine a possible interaction of these two functions in connection with auditory stream segmentation, in particular whether activation in the PT reflects the use of spatial cues to segment auditory information into distinct objects. Finally, Aim 4 is to map the relation between spatial-speech integration and visual-speech integration. It is well known that auditory stream segregation processes can make use not only of spatial cues, but also of visual speech cues. Interestingly, processing both of these cues involves the PT suggesting a possible connection. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE The proposed research is of importance from a public-health standpoint because in recent clinical studies the planum temporale has been implicated in a number of disorders ranging from autism to schizophrenia. This brain region appears to be involved in several critical functions from language processing to integration of auditory, visual, and motor functions. In spite of its central role in sensory/cognitive functions, very little is known about how this brain area is organized, and given its widespread clinical importance, a more thorough understanding of the functional organization of this region may lead to more effective treatment strategies for cognitive dysfunctions.

描述（由申请人提供）：数十年来，Planum terumale（PT）的功能解剖学一直具有很大的理论意义，并且是最近临床研究的重点，从自闭症到精神分裂症。尽管最初认为（左）的PT可以提供语言功能，但最近的基础研究表明，它具有多功能性，与诸如语音感知和生产，音调处理，听觉运动集成，空间听力，空间听力和多感官集成等多样化的处理领域有关。鉴于PT在皮质功能的两个理论模型中的潜在重要性对于一系列能力及其广泛的临床意义，因此非常需要对PT的功能组织进行更透彻的了解。本提案旨在通过使用主题设计中的一系列功能磁共振成像研究来填补这一空白，并围绕四个特定目标组织。 AIM 1是评估已知激活PT的几种功能的激活模式，包括语音感知/产生，音调/旋律感知，感觉运动整合，视觉语音感知和空间听力。 AIM 2试图了解PT中感觉运动激活的功能基础。在临床和功能上，感觉运动行为与PT（尤其是左侧）密切相关。这个目的研究了PT感觉运动激活是否与听觉系统（通常认为是通常认为）或声音道齿轮系统系统（正如我们最近假设的）。此外，我们检查了该系统在时间序列处理中的作用，我们认为这与感觉运动函数有关。目标3是确定支持空间听力和语音处理相互作用的神经网络。语音相关和空间听力与与PT功能有关。我们检查了这两个功能与听觉流分割有关的可能相互作用，特别是PT中的激活是否反映了空间提示将听觉信息分割为不同对象的使用。最后，目标4是映射空间语音整合与视觉语音集成之间的关系。众所周知，听觉流隔离过程不仅可以使用空间提示，而且可以使用视觉语音提示。有趣的是，处理这两个提示都涉及PT提示可能的联系。从公共卫生的角度来看，拟议的研究与公共卫生相关性至关重要，因为在最近的临床研究中，颞叶平面涉及从自闭症到精神分裂症的多种疾病。该大脑区域似乎参与了从语言处理到听觉，视觉和运动功能集成的几个关键功能。尽管它在感觉/认知功能中具有核心作用，但对这个大脑区域的组织方式却鲜为人知，并且鉴于其广泛的临床重要性，对该地区的功能组织的更彻底的理解可能会导致认知功能障碍的更有效的治疗策略。