Low-Cost Device for Digital Retinal Imaging

用于数字视网膜成像的低成本设备

• 批准号: 7370953
• 负责人: ANN E ELSNER
• 金额: $ 33.52万
• 依托单位: TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-05 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7370953
• 关键词: Animal Model; Anterior; Area; Blindness; Blood Vessels; Caliber; Caring; Cataract; Complications of Diabetes Mellitus; Contracts; Cornea; Cues; Cystoid Macular Edema; Data; Databases; Detection; Development; Devices; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Retinopathy; Diagnostic Imaging; Disadvantaged; Early Diagnosis; Edema; Electronics; Elements; Engineering; Exudate; Eye; Eye Color; Failure; Fiber; Fundus; Future; Glaucoma; Goals; Growth; Human; Hybrids; Image; Imagery; Imaging Device; Imaging Techniques; Invasive; Iris; Knowledge; Lasers; Lesion; Light; Lighting; Methods; Microaneurysm; Minority; Mydriatics; Ophthalmoscopes; Optics; Outcome; Pain; Patients; Photography; Pigmentation physiologic function; Pigments; Pliability; Population; Price; Production; Provider; Pupil; Quality Control; Range; Rate; Reading; Reproducibility; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Retina; Retinal; Retinal Detachment; Retinal Diseases; Risk; Scanning; Screening procedure; Series; Side; Signal Transduction; Solutions; Source; Specialist; Staging; Standards of Weights and Measures; Structure; Surrogate Markers; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Traction; Training; Variant; Vision; Width; Work; base; cost; design; detector; diabetic; diabetic cataract; digital; field study; health disparity; improved; laptop; light scattering; macula; macular edema; neovascularization; novel strategies; sensor; tool; two-dimensional; voltage

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this research is to provide a low cost device for digital retinal imaging, the Laser Scanning Digital Camera, as an integral part of screening for diabetic retinopathy. This device will be unusually inexpensive and provide images with contrasts at least as high as those now used clinically. It will eventually provide the ease of use of a digital camera, minimizing current problems with training. This new technique will provide a long-awaited tool to basic researchers and clinicians alike for detecting diabetic retinopathy early, in an inexpensive and sensitive manner. Unlike recent devices with more than 30 % failure rate in the field, we anticipate use with every patient without severe corneal problems or severe cataracts. The Laser Scanning Digital Camera uses our unique hybrid system of slit-scanning the illumination, and detection by a 2- dimensional array with electronic aperture, using primarily low cost, off-the shelf components. We perform confocal imaging using a newly-demonstrated electronic aperture, which reduces scattered light from out-of-plane structures and thereby improves image contrast. We will test the flexibility of the electronic aperture to provide scattered light, i.e. dark field, imaging, as well as image averaging and image sharpening. The camera works with an undilated pupil, due to the small entrance/exit split pupil system and near infra-red light. All clinically important retinal vascular changes and macular edema have now been visualized by us with higher end devices, including microaneurysms and features in darkly pigmented eyes. Stereo imaging was recently shown to be unnecessary for detecting macular edema, and therefore we will provide high contrast images to obtain cues for judging macular edema. We will implement our technique from high end devices: scattered light imaging. Aim 1 is to complete the development of the Laser Scanning Digital Camera, including new imaging modes provided by the electronic aperture. Aim 2 will begin field work, with reproducibility studies and eye pigmentation comparisons in normal subjects and initial tests in patients with moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. We will use the electronic configuration to optimize the optical confocal aperture width. Aim 3 investigates confocal near infra-red imaging techniques, including real-time variation of aperture, image sharpening, and scattered light imaging, as applied to a population with the full range of retinal changes found in patients with diabetes. We anticipate enhanced detection capability for edematous lesions, e.g. cystoid macular edema. Aim 4 is to achieve motionless confocal scanning laser imaging, but still retain the movable part needed for focus, and compare this method to that used in Aim 3. We will also include an anterior segment imaging component, which is extremely inexpensive, as diabetic patients with dark eyes can have new vessel growth in the iris that leads to painful and sight-threatening glaucoma. This will also document eye color and provide help with quality control by giving the pupil diameter. While this project focuses on diabetic retinopathy in humans, future applications include other retinal disorders in both humans and animal models.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的目标是提供一种低成本的数字视网膜成像设备，即激光扫描数码相机，作为糖尿病视网膜病变筛查的一个组成部分。该设备非常便宜，并且提供的图像对比度至少与现在临床使用的图像一样高。它最终将提供数码相机的易用性，最大限度地减少当前的培训问题。这项新技术将为基础研究人员和临床医生提供期待已久的工具，以廉价且灵敏的方式及早检测糖尿病视网膜病变。与现场失败率超过 30% 的最新设备不同，我们预计每位患者都不会出现严重角膜问题或严重白内障。激光扫描数码相机使用我们独特的混合系统，即狭缝扫描照明，并通过带有电子光圈的二维阵列进行检测，主要使用低成本、现成的组件。我们使用新演示的电子光圈进行共焦成像，该电子光圈减少了面外结构的散射光，从而提高了图像对比度。我们将测试电子光圈提供散射光的灵活性，即暗场、成像以及图像平均和图像锐化。由于较小的入口/出口分裂光瞳系统和近红外光，相机在未散瞳的情况下工作。所有临床上重要的视网膜血管变化和黄斑水肿现在都可以通过更高端的设备可视化，包括微动脉瘤和深色眼睛的特征。最近发现立体成像对于检测黄斑水肿是不必要的，因此我们将提供高对比度图像以获得判断黄斑水肿的线索。我们将在高端设备上实施我们的技术：散射光成像。目标1是完成激光扫描数码相机的开发，包括电子光圈提供的新成像模式。目标 2 将开始实地工作，对正常受试者进行可重复性研究和眼睛色素沉着比较，并对中度非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变患者进行初步测试。我们将使用电子配置来优化光学共焦孔径宽度。目标 3 研究共焦近红外成像技术，包括光圈的实时变化、图像锐化和散射光成像，应用于糖尿病患者视网膜发生全方位变化的人群。我们预计水肿性病变的检测能力会增强，例如水肿性病变。黄斑囊样水肿。目标4是实现不动的共焦扫描激光成像，但仍然保留聚焦所需的可移动部分，并将这种方法与目标3中使用的方法进行比较。我们还将包括一个眼前节成像组件，该组件非常便宜，对于糖尿病患者来说深色眼睛的虹膜可能会长出新的血管，从而导致疼痛和威胁视力的青光眼。这还将记录眼睛颜色，并通过给出瞳孔直径来帮助质量控制。虽然该项目专注于人类糖尿病视网膜病变，但未来的应用包括人类和动物模型中的其他视网膜疾病。