Enzymatic Detection of Petroleum in Seafood

海鲜中石油类的酶法检测

• 批准号: 8127480
• 负责人: JOSEPH FRANCIS KREBS
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: BIOO SCIENTIFIC CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8127480
• 关键词: Enzymatic; Detection; Petroleum; Seafood

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Oil spills can cause tremendous environmental damage and are a serious threat to public health. Petroleum contains many toxic compounds such as polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Some PAH compounds are highly carcinogenic and cause DNA mutations in humans. When petroleum is spilled into the sea, PAH compounds rapidly spread through the marine environment and eventually accumulate in marine life and threaten our seafood supply. The FDA has mandated that petroleum-contaminated seafood is a human health threat and should not be harvested or sold. Therefore, after an oil spill, careful monitoring is needed to assess the extent of the contaminated areas, ensure that seafood supplies are free of PAH compounds and monitor the return of affected areas to a normal state to allow re-opening of closed areas. Unfortunately, despite this critical need, the most currently used testing method has been shown to be somewhat inaccurate and unreliable for the detection of potentially hazardous levels of PAH compounds in seafood. New alternative testing methods are needed. Our proposed research will create improved tests to detect petroleum components in seafood. We will develop new enzyme-based tests to detect PAH compounds in seafood using dioxygenases enzymes from microbes. These enzymes will be used to generate a color change when PAH compounds are present in the sample. Our simple enzyme tests can be directly used in microplates, a widely-accepted, inexpensive, high-throughput format for food testing applications. To ease the transition to our new enzymatic format, our assays will be designed to work well with currently accepted seafood processing methods. We will also investigate ways to shorten the sample processing steps to increase the throughput-capacity of the test. Our new test kits will provide seafood producers and government agencies such as the FDA and NOAA with much-needed cost-effective, reliable and sensitive tools to detect petroleum in seafood after oil spills. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Oil spills are major threats to public health and the environment. Petroleum contains many toxic and carcinogenic substances; these substances can get into seafood near oil spill sites. It is important to test for toxic oil substances in seafood after an oil spill, but current methods are not adequate for thorough testing. Our proposed research will produce novel enzyme-based tests for oil contamination in seafood. The improved reliable properties of our new method will greatly assist the FDA to ensure seafood safety.

描述（由申请人提供）：漏油会造成巨大的环境破坏，并对公共卫生构成严重威胁。石油含有许多有毒化合物，例如多芳烃（PAHS）。一些PAH化合物具有高度致癌性，并引起人类的DNA突变。当石油洒到大海中时，PAH大约在海洋环境中迅速扩散，并最终积累了海洋生物，并威胁了我们的海鲜供应。 FDA要求石油污染的海鲜是人类健康威胁，不应收获或出售。因此，在漏油后，需要仔细的监测以评估受污染区域的程度，确保海鲜供应不含PAH化合物，并监视受影响区域的正常状态的回报，以允许重新开放封闭区域。不幸的是，尽管需要这种急需的需求，但目前使用的测试方法已被证明是不准确的，并且对于检测海鲜中潜在危险水平的PAH化合物而言是不可靠的。需要新的替代测试方法。我们提出的研究将创建改进的测试，以检测海鲜中的石油成分。我们将开发新的基于酶的测试，以使用微生物的二氧酶检测海鲜中的PAH化合物。当样品中存在PAH化合物时，这些酶将用于产生颜色变化。我们的简单酶测试可直接用于微层，这是一种广泛认可的，廉价的高通量格式，用于食品测试应用。为了简化向我们的新酶形格式的过渡，我们的测定方法将旨在与当前接受的海鲜加工方法合作。我们还将研究缩短样本处理步骤以增加测试的吞吐量的方法。我们的新测试套件将为海鲜生产商和政府机构（例如FDA和NOAA）提供急需的成本效益，可靠和敏感的工具，以检测溢油后海鲜中的石油。 公共卫生相关性：漏油是对公共卫生和环境的主要威胁。石油含有许多有毒和致癌物质；这些物质可以进入溢油地点附近的海鲜。在漏油后测试海鲜中有毒石油物质很重要，但是当前的方法不足以进行彻底的测试。我们提出的研究将生产基于新型酶的海鲜污染测试。我们新方法的可靠特性的改善将极大地帮助FDA确保海鲜安全。