Rapid detection of toxic petroleum residues in seafood

快速检测海鲜中有毒石油残留物

• 批准号: 8524528
• 负责人: JOSEPH FRANCIS KREBS
• 金额: $ 29.78万
• 依托单位: BIOO SCIENTIFIC CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8524528
• 关键词: Rapid; detection; toxic; petroleum; residues

DESCRIPTION: Oil spills can cause tremendous environmental damage and are a serious threat to public health. Petroleum contains many toxic compounds, including polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Some PAH compounds are highly carcinogenic and cause DNA mutations in humans. When petroleum is spilled into the sea, PAH compounds rapidly spread through the marine environment and eventually accumulate in marine life and threaten our seafood supply. The FDA has mandated that petroleum-contaminated seafood is unfit for human consumption and should not be harvested or sold. Therefore, after an oil spill, careful monitoring is needed to assess the extent of the contaminated areas, ensure that seafood supplies are free of PAH compounds and monitor the return of affected areas to a normal state to allow re-opening of closed areas. Unfortunately, despite this critical need, the most currently used screening method is somewhat inaccurate and unreliable for the detection of potentially hazardous levels of PAH compounds in seafood. New alternative testing methods are sorely needed. In Phase I, we created a rapid enzyme-based assay to detect PAH compounds. Our method is much simpler, faster and more convenient than current test methods. The superior attributes of our assay give it the potential to revolutionize seafood PAH testing. In Phase II we will optimize and commercially develop the assay to produce a reliable and rugged test kit. To enable dockside testing and eliminate the use of toxic organic solvents, we will create a novel detergent-based method to process seafood samples. Next, we will scale-up manufacturing of our proprietary enzyme reagents to meet market needs. Lastly, to gain customer acceptance, we will validate our enzymatic assay against the accepted NOAA test method. Our test kit will provide seafood producers and government agencies such as the FDA and NOAA with a much-needed cost-effective, reliable and sensitive tool to detect petroleum in seafood after oil spills.

描述：漏油会造成巨大的环境破坏，并对公共卫生构成严重威胁。石油含有许多有毒化合物，包括多芳烃（PAHS）。一些PAH化合物具有高度致癌性，并引起人类的DNA突变。当石油洒到大海中时，PAH大约在海洋环境中迅速扩散，并最终积累了海洋生物，并威胁了我们的海鲜供应。 FDA要求石油污染的海鲜不适合人类消费，不应收获或出售。因此，在漏油后，需要仔细的监测以评估受污染区域的程度，确保海鲜供应不含PAH化合物，并监视受影响区域的正常状态的回报，以允许重新开放封闭区域。不幸的是，尽管需要这种急需的需求，但目前使用的筛选方法对于检测海鲜中潜在危险水平的PAH化合物的效果还是不可靠的。非常需要新的替代测试方法。在第一阶段，我们创建了一种基于酶的快速测定，以检测PAH化合物。与当前的测试方法相比，我们的方法要简单得多，更快，更方便。我们的测定法的优越特征使其有可能改变海鲜PAH测试。在第二阶段，我们将优化并在商业上开发该测定法，以生成可靠且坚固的测试套件。为了实现码头测试并消除有毒有机溶剂的使用，我们将创建一种基于洗涤剂的新方法来处理海鲜样品。接下来，我们将扩大专有酶试剂的制造，以满足市场需求。最后，为了获得客户的接受，我们将通过接受的NOAA测试方法来验证酶法测定法。我们的测试套件将为海鲜生产商和政府机构（例如FDA和NOAA）提供急需的成本效益，可靠和敏感的工具，以检测溢油后海鲜中的石油。