Eye Movements and Visual Working Memory

眼动和视觉工作记忆

• 批准号: 8106778
• 负责人: Andrew R Hollingworth
• 金额: $ 29.46万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-30 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8106778
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Attention; Back; Basic Science; Behavior; Cognitive; Color; Coupled; Coupling; Ensure; Environment; Event; Eye; Eye Movements; Funding; Goals; Human; Human Activities; Individual; Investigation; Liquid substance; Location; Maintenance; Memory; Modeling; Monitor; Motor; Movement; Pattern; Play; Positioning Attribute; Process; Property; Research; Resolution; Role; Saccades; Sensory Process; Shapes; Short-Term Memory; Source; Speed; Stimulus; Stream; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; To specify; Vision; Visual; Visual attention; Visual system structure; Water; Work; base; fovea centralis; gaze; grasp; memory encoding; novel; oculomotor; relating to nervous system; sample fixation; visual information; visual object processing; visual search

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Intelligent, goal-directed behavior depends on orienting the eyes efficiently to task-relevant objects in the world. In previous work, we have demonstrated that the visual working memory (VWM) system exerts top-down control over saccade target selection, guiding the eyes to goal-relevant objects. Before a saccade, features of the saccade target are encoded into VWM. These are retained across the saccade and compared with object information when the eyes land. In the common circumstance that the eyes fail to land on the original target, remembered properties of the target are used to guide attention and gaze, automatically, toward a matching object, ensuring that the eyes are directed efficiently to the original target. This specific behavior reflects a general interactive relationship between saccade target selection and VWM: Selection of the saccade target object controls encoding into VWM, and the content of VWM, in turn, biases saccade target selection in favor of objects that match the features stored in memory. In the present project, we propose to explore the locus of the interaction between VWM and saccade target selection. We will test the hypothesis that VWM activation influences low-level sensory processing of saccade targets, influencing even the most rapid and elementary forms of saccadic orienting. In addition, we propose to examine core processing components of the interaction between VWM and gaze control, including 1) the ability to adapt VWM content and attentional biases on the basis of changing task demands and 2) the mechanisms by which saccade target properties are encoded in VWM. Finally, we will develop a neural field model that integrates current models eye movement planning and models of VWM, providing a formal framework for understanding their relationship. These studies will advance our understanding of the basic mechanisms of gaze control that support efficient interaction with objects and agents in the world. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Everyday human behavior requires efficiently directing the eyes to objects that are relevant to the task at hand. The present project aims to provide a clearer understanding of the mechanisms by which working memory systems interact with the control of saccadic eye movements to guide the eyes toward pertinent objects. Understanding the low-level mechanisms by which visual working memory modulates the selection of saccade targets has the potential to inform not only research on eye movements but also basic research on working memory, attention, and visual search.

描述（由申请人提供）：智能，目标指导的行为取决于将眼睛有效地定向到世界上与任务相关的对象。在以前的工作中，我们已经证明了视觉工作内存（VWM）系统对扫视目标选择进行自上而下的控制，从而将眼睛引导到目标相关的对象。在扫视之前，将扫视目标的功能编码为VWM。这些保留在整个扫视中，并与眼睛着陆时与对象信息进行比较。在常见的情况下，眼睛无法降落在原始目标上，目标的属性被用来引导注意力和凝视，自动朝匹配的对象朝向匹配的对象，从而确保眼睛有效地定向到原始目标。这种特定的行为反映了扫视目标选择与VWM之间的一般交互关系：选择编码为VWM的扫视目标对象控件，而VWM的内容又偏向acccade目标选择，而有利于与存储在内存中存储的特征相匹配的对象。在本项目中，我们建议探索VWM和扫视目标选择之间相互作用的源头。我们将检验以下假设：VWM激活会影响扫视靶标的低级感觉处理，甚至影响最快，最基本的saccadic取向。此外，我们建议检查VWM和凝视控制之间相互作用的核心处理成分，包括1）根据变化的任务需求以及2）对扫视目标特性编码在VWM中的机制的能力。最后，我们将开发一个神经场模型，该模型整合了当前模型的眼动计划和VWM模型，为理解其关系提供了正式的框架。这些研究将促进我们对凝视控制的基本机制的理解，以支持与世界上对象和代理的有效相互作用。 公共卫生相关性：每天的人类行为需要有效地将眼睛引导到与手头任务相关的对象。本项目旨在更清楚地了解工作记忆系统与控制眼动动作的控制以指导眼睛朝着相关物体相互作用的机制。了解视觉工作记忆调节扫视目标选择的低级机制不仅可以为眼睛运动的研究提供信息，还可以为工作记忆，注意力和视觉搜索提供基础研究。