An Ethological Analysis of Children's Emotional Security

儿童情感安全的行为学分析

• 批准号: 8066291
• 负责人: PATRICK T DAVIES
• 金额: $ 60.97万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2015-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8066291
• 关键词: 4 year old; Accounting; Address; Apple; Basic Science; Behavioral; Characteristics; Child; Child Mental Health; Child Welfare; Child health care; Childhood; Clinical; Conflict (Psychology); Development; Developmental Process; Dimensions; Distress; Emotional; Emotions; Environment; Exhibits; Exposure to; Family; Family Characteristics; Family Process; Fathers; Foundations; Funding Opportunities; Goals; Health; Home environment; Impairment; Individual Differences; Intervention; Knowledge; Light; Measurement; Mediating; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Methods; Morphology; Mothers; Nature; Neurobiology; Neurocognitive; Parents; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Plant Roots; Policies; Prevalence; Preventive Intervention; Process; Psychological adjustment; Psychopathology; Public Policy; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Secure; Security; Social Problems; Societies; Specificity; Structure; Symptoms; System; Testing; Time; Translational Research; Trauma; Utility Theories; base; coping; cost; design; economic cost; experience; health economics; high risk; improved; informant; innovation; lens; novel; physical conditioning; psychologic; public health priorities; public health relevance; response; success; theories; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Children exposed to high levels of interparental conflict are at disproportionately high risk for experiencing a wide array of psychological problems, including internalizing symptoms, externalizing problems, social impairments, and academic difficulties. Consequently, the burden experienced by children from high conflict homes and the resulting psychological, health, and economic costs to U.S. society are extensive. Children's emotional responses to conflict are regarded as pivotal mechanisms in understanding the risk associated with exposure to interparental discord and conflict. Thus, in accordance with the Funding Opportunity Announcement "PA-07-083 "Basic and Translational Research in Emotion", this study proposes to test a pattern-based reformulation of EST that is rooted in an ethological and evolutionary framework (EST-R; Davies & Sturge-Apple, 2007; Davies & Woitach, 2008). Toward the overarching objective of examining the utility of the novel EST-R framework, this application seeks to address the following specific aims: (1) Identify the nature of the interrelationships among the five profiles, the patterns of subjective reactivity to conflict underlying each profile, and stability and change in the profiles over time; (2) Identify the interparental, family, and child characteristics that serve as correlates and precursors in distinguishing between the different reactivity profiles; (3) Distinguish the common and distinctive neurobiological and neurocognitive underpinnings of children's behavioral profiles of reactivity to conflict; (4) Delineate the mental and physical health trajectories of the EST- R profiles, including testing the incremental power of the specific profiles to predict specific trajectories of children's adjustment after taking into account prevailing measurement approaches; and (5) Contribute to intervention initiatives aimed at addressing children's coping and adaptation to interparental conflict by delineating possible points of intervention associated with particular patterns of children's responding. To accomplish these aims, the project will follow a sample of 250 mothers, fathers, and their four year-old children over three annual measurement occasions. The multi-method, multi-informant, and multi-level measurement battery combined with powerful, sophisticated latent and pattern-based quantitative approaches will generate authoritative tests of the novel, theoretically guided research questions and hypotheses. Consequently, the study has the potential to significantly advance knowledge on family and developmental processes underlying children's trajectories of health and inform prevention and intervention initiatives to alleviate the impact of risky family environments on the development of trauma related psychopathology towards reducing the burden of mental illness in children. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: In light of the prevalence of discord between parents and its profound costs to children and society, understanding how children adapt to interparental difficulties is an important public health priority. Accordingly, the overarching objective of this project is to (a) distinguish between different patterns of children's responses to their parents' conflicts, (b) identify the characteristics in the family that are associated with children's responses to conflict, and (c) chart the implications of these responses to conflict for children's mental and physical health. By addressing these questions, this application will help provide knowledge necessary to inform clinical and policy initiatives designed to improve the welfare of children and families.

描述（由申请人提供）：处于高度父母冲突中的儿童出现各种心理问题的风险极高，包括内化症状、外化问题、社交障碍和学业困难。因此，来自高度冲突家庭的儿童所承受的负担以及由此给美国社会带来的心理、健康和经济成本是巨大的。儿童对冲突的情绪反应被认为是理解与父母间不和和冲突相关的风险的关键机制。因此，根据资助机会公告“PA-07-083“情感的基础和转化研究”，本研究建议测试植根于行为学和进化框架（EST-R； Davies & Sturge-Apple，2007；Davies & Woitach，2008）。在 EST-R 框架中，该应用程序旨在解决以下具体目标：（1）确定五个配置文件之间相互关系的性质、每个配置文件背后对冲突的主观反应模式，以及配置文件随时间的稳定性和变化； (2) 确定父母间、家庭和儿童的特征，作为区分不同反应特征的相关因素和前兆。 (3) 区分儿童行为的共同和独特的神经生物学和神经认知基础； (4) 描绘 EST-R 概况的心理和身体健康轨迹，包括测试特定概况的增量能力，以在考虑主流测量方法后预测儿童的具体适应轨迹； (5) 通过描绘与儿童特定反应模式相关的可能干预点，促进旨在解决儿童应对和适应父母间冲突问题的干预举措。 为了实现这些目标，该项目将在三年的年度测量中对 250 名母亲、父亲及其四岁的孩子进行抽样调查。多方法、多信息来源和多层次的测量电池与强大、复杂的潜在和基于模式的定量方法相结合，将为新颖的、理论指导的研究问题和假设提供权威的测试。因此，该研究有可能显着增进对儿童健康轨迹背后的家庭和发展过程的了解，并为预防和干预举措提供信息，以减轻危险的家庭环境对创伤相关精神病理学发展的影响，从而减轻儿童精神疾病的负担。孩子们。 公共卫生相关性：鉴于父母之间不和的普遍存在及其给儿童和社会带来的深远代价，了解儿童如何适应父母间的困难是一个重要的公共卫生优先事项。因此，该项目的总体目标是（a）区分儿童对父母冲突的不同反应模式，（b）确定与儿童对冲突反应相关的家庭特征，以及（c）绘制图表这些冲突应对措施对儿童身心健康的影响。通过解决这些问题，该应用程序将有助于提供必要的知识，为旨在改善儿童和家庭福利的临床和政策举措提供信息。