“Interparental Conflict and Parenting”

——父母间的冲突和养育子女——

• 批准号: 9538803
• 负责人: PATRICK T DAVIES
• 金额: $ 60.19万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-05 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9538803
• 关键词: 4 year old; Address; Affect; Affective; Aggressive behavior; Apple; Area; Behavior; Cataloging; Catalogs; Child; Child Health; Child Rearing; Chronic; Clinical; Cognitive; Conflict (Psychology); Discipline; Disputes; Distress; Emotional; Emotions; Etiology; Exposure to; Eye; Family; Family Process; Family dynamics; Fathers; Generations; Home environment; Hostility; Intervention; Life; Link; Marital Relationships; Measurement; Mediating; Meta-Analysis; Methods; Modeling; Mothers; Motion; Nature; Neurobiology; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Pathway interactions; Physiological; Policies; Process; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Risk; Role; Sampling; Stress; Structure; Surveys; System; Systems Theory; Testing; Toddler; base; caregiving; design; early childhood; experience; family structure; improved; informant; longitudinal design; novel; prospective; satisfaction; skills

Given the hierarchical nature of family structure, family systems theory places the interparental relationship as the cornerstone of the family unit (Cox & Paley, 2001). Although disagreements between parents are a regular and normal part of family life, entrenched, chronic, and hostile disputes are proposed to undermine family functioning. To understand how interparental conflict reverberates throughout the family system, process models of interparental discord have focused on identifying how interparental conflict “spills over” to influence interactions within the parent– child system (Easterbrooks & Emde, 1988). Although a generation of research has been instrumental in cataloguing “spillover” between the interparental and parent-child subsystems, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this relationship. The criticality of process-oriented research in this area is underscored by the high proportion of children who are exposed to interparental hostility and aggression (i.e., National Survey of Children's Health, 2003), with estimates suggesting that between 20% to 40% of parents who live together report significant, clinical levels of distress in their relationships (Cummings & Davies, 2010). Furthermore, experts place emphasis on the clinical value of identifying the etiology of parenting difficulties within high conflict homes (Emery, Fincham, & Cummings, 1992). As a first step toward advancing a process-oriented model of spillover the application addresses the following specific aims: (1) test a cascading family process whereby experiences with hostile interparental conflict increases parenting difficulties by undermining parental self-regulatory abilities; (2) examine whether parental neurobiological reactivity to interparental conflict mediates current and prospective associations among interparental conflict and parenting difficulties; (3) identify how parental explicit and implicit representations of the protective and supportive qualities of their intimate relationship may serve as explanatory processes underlying the spillover of distress from the interparental to parent-child relationship, and (4) consistent with calls underscoring the significance of understanding the relative role of mediational mechanisms in process models, specifically test the distinctiveness of each of the three pathways as mechanisms of spillover. To address these objectives, this application will follow a sample of 250 parents and their 3-4 year-old child over three annual measurement occasions. The multi-method, multi-informant, and multi-level measurement battery combined with powerful latent based quantitative approaches will generate authoritative tests of novel and theoretically guided hypotheses regarding the robustness of multi-level mechanisms underlying spillover from interparental relation dynamics to parenting.

鉴于家庭结构的层次结构性质，家庭系统理论将父母的关系视为 家庭单位的基石（Cox＆Paley，2001）。尽管父母之间的分歧是常规的 以及家庭生活的正常部分，根深蒂固，慢性和敌对争端，以破坏家庭 功能。要了解互相冲突如何在整个家庭体系中回荡，请程序 互不和谐的模型专注于确定互式冲突如何“溢出”以影响 父母 - 儿童系统中的相互作用（Easterbrooks＆Emde，1988）。虽然一代研究 一直在对互生和亲子子系统之间的“溢出”分类，几乎没有 知道这种关系的基础机制。以过程为导向研究的关键性 面临着互相敌意和 积极进取（即国家儿童健康调查，2003年），估计表明20％至 共同生活的父母中有40％报告其关系中的临床困扰程度很高（卡明斯和 戴维斯，2010年）。此外，专家们强调识别病因的临床价值 高冲突房屋中的育儿困难（Emery，Fincham和Cummings，1992）。 作为推进面向流程的Spilover模型的第一步，应用程序解决了 以下特定目的：（1）测试级联的家庭过程，并在该过程中体验敌对的互生 冲突通过破坏父母的自我调节能力来增加育儿困难； （2）检查是否 父母的神经生物学对互父冲突的反应性介导了当前和潜在的关联 在父母的冲突和育儿困难中； （3）确定父母的明确和隐式 其亲密关系的受保护和支持质量的表征可以作为 从父母到亲子关系的苦难的剥夺过程， （4）与理解理解中介相对作用的重要性一致 过程模型中的机制，特别测试了三个途径的独特性 Spilover的机制。 为了解决这些目标，此申请将遵循250个父母及其3-4岁的样本 在三个年度测量场合中的儿童。多方法，多信息和多层次 测量电池与强大的潜在定量方法相结合将产生权威性 关于多级机制鲁棒性的新颖和理论引导假设的测试 从父母的关系动态到育儿的基础Spilover的基础。