“Interparental Conflict and Parenting”

——父母间的冲突和养育子女——

• 批准号: 9538803
• 负责人: PATRICK T DAVIES
• 金额: $ 60.19万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-05 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9538803
• 关键词: 4 year old; Address; Affect; Affective; Aggressive behavior; Apple; Area; Behavior; Cataloging; Catalogs; Child; Child Health; Child Rearing; Chronic; Clinical; Cognitive; Conflict (Psychology); Discipline; Disputes; Distress; Emotional; Emotions; Etiology; Exposure to; Eye; Family; Family Process; Family dynamics; Fathers; Generations; Home environment; Hostility; Intervention; Life; Link; Marital Relationships; Measurement; Mediating; Meta-Analysis; Methods; Modeling; Mothers; Motion; Nature; Neurobiology; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Pathway interactions; Physiological; Policies; Process; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Risk; Role; Sampling; Stress; Structure; Surveys; System; Systems Theory; Testing; Toddler; base; caregiving; design; early childhood; experience; family structure; improved; informant; longitudinal design; novel; prospective; satisfaction; skills

Given the hierarchical nature of family structure, family systems theory places the interparental relationship as the cornerstone of the family unit (Cox & Paley, 2001). Although disagreements between parents are a regular and normal part of family life, entrenched, chronic, and hostile disputes are proposed to undermine family functioning. To understand how interparental conflict reverberates throughout the family system, process models of interparental discord have focused on identifying how interparental conflict “spills over” to influence interactions within the parent– child system (Easterbrooks & Emde, 1988). Although a generation of research has been instrumental in cataloguing “spillover” between the interparental and parent-child subsystems, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this relationship. The criticality of process-oriented research in this area is underscored by the high proportion of children who are exposed to interparental hostility and aggression (i.e., National Survey of Children's Health, 2003), with estimates suggesting that between 20% to 40% of parents who live together report significant, clinical levels of distress in their relationships (Cummings & Davies, 2010). Furthermore, experts place emphasis on the clinical value of identifying the etiology of parenting difficulties within high conflict homes (Emery, Fincham, & Cummings, 1992). As a first step toward advancing a process-oriented model of spillover the application addresses the following specific aims: (1) test a cascading family process whereby experiences with hostile interparental conflict increases parenting difficulties by undermining parental self-regulatory abilities; (2) examine whether parental neurobiological reactivity to interparental conflict mediates current and prospective associations among interparental conflict and parenting difficulties; (3) identify how parental explicit and implicit representations of the protective and supportive qualities of their intimate relationship may serve as explanatory processes underlying the spillover of distress from the interparental to parent-child relationship, and (4) consistent with calls underscoring the significance of understanding the relative role of mediational mechanisms in process models, specifically test the distinctiveness of each of the three pathways as mechanisms of spillover. To address these objectives, this application will follow a sample of 250 parents and their 3-4 year-old child over three annual measurement occasions. The multi-method, multi-informant, and multi-level measurement battery combined with powerful latent based quantitative approaches will generate authoritative tests of novel and theoretically guided hypotheses regarding the robustness of multi-level mechanisms underlying spillover from interparental relation dynamics to parenting.

鉴于家庭结构的等级性质，家庭系统理论将亲子关系定义为 家庭单位的基石（Cox＆Paley，2001）尽管父母之间的分歧是常见的。 家庭生活的正常部分，根深蒂固的、长期的和敌对的争端会破坏家庭 了解父母间的冲突如何在整个家庭系统、过程中产生影响。 父母间不和谐的模型侧重于确定父母间冲突如何“溢出”以影响 亲子系统内的互动（Easterbrooks & Emde，1988）。 在对父母间和亲子子系统之间的“溢出”进行分类方面发挥了重要作用，但很少有 了解这种关系背后的机制。以过程为导向的研究在这方面的重要性。 暴露于父母间敌意的儿童比例很高，这凸显了该地区的问题。 攻击行为（即全国儿童健康调查，2003 年），估计表明 20% 到 40% 的同居父母表示，他们的关系中存在严重的、临床水平的痛苦（Cummings & Davies，2010）此外，专家强调确定病因的临床价值。 高度冲突家庭中的养育困难（Emery、Fincham 和 Cummings，1992）。 作为推进面向过程的溢出模型的第一步，该应用程序解决了 以下具体目标：（1）测试级联家庭过程，其中经历了敌对的亲子关系 (2)检查是否 父母对父母间冲突的神经生物学反应介导当前和未来的关联 (3) 辨别父母的显性和隐性 他们亲密关系的保护性和支持性的表征可以作为 痛苦从父母关系向亲子关系蔓延的解释过程， (4) 与强调理解中介相对作用重要性的呼吁一致 过程模型中的机制，具体测试三个途径中每一个的独特性： 溢出机制。 为了实现这些目标，该应用程序将跟踪 250 名家长及其 3-4 岁孩子的样本 每年对儿童进行3次以上的多方法、多信息、多层次的测量。 测量电池与强大的基于潜在的定量方法相结合将产生权威性 关于多级机制稳健性的新颖且有理论指导的假设的测试 从父母之间的动态到养育子女的潜在溢出效应。