Longitudinal associations of preschoolers' technology and digital medial (TDM) use and executive functioning: a mechanism linking TDM with young children's weight status

学龄前儿童技术和数字媒体 (TDM) 使用与执行功能的纵向关联：将 TDM 与幼儿体重状况联系起来的机制

• 批准号: 10532291
• 负责人: ALEXIS Caroline WOOD
• 金额: $ 20.05万
• 依托单位: BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-09 至 2027-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10532291
• 关键词: 4 year old; 5 year old; Accounting; Address; Adverse effects; Age; Area; Assessment tool; Attitude; Behavior; Body mass index; Buffers; COVID-19 pandemic; Caregivers; Cellular Phone; Characteristics; Child; Child Development; Child Health; Child Rearing; Clinical Psychology; Code; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; Country; Data; Development; Devices; Distance Learning; Electrical Engineering; Foundations; Goals; Guidelines; Health; Health Services; Home; Hour; Investigation; Light; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Medial; Mediating; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Nature; North America; Nursery Schools; Obesity; Occupational; Outcome; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Pathway interactions; Pediatrics; Preschool Child; Procedures; Public Health; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Support; Role; Short-Term Memory; Sleep; Structure; Technology; Testing; Time; Weight; Youth; aged; base; cognitive process; cohort; developmental psychology; digital; digital media; emotion regulation; executive function; experience; follow-up; handheld mobile device; high body mass index; improved; innovation; interdisciplinary approach; longitudinal design; multitask; new technology; novel; obesity risk; pandemic disease; peer; portability; programs; scaffold; sedentary; service providers

PROJECT SUMMARY Technology and digital media (TDM) use has been associated with poorer developmental and health outcomes in young children. Given the high rate of TDM use, which on average exceeds recommendations, among preschool age children, it is important to examine TDM use effects on development and health outcomes during this critical early stage of child development. Using a multidisciplinary approach (clinical psychology, developmental psychology, electrical engineering, and pediatrics), one of the main goals of the proposed larger P01 application (of which this project is a part of) is to use innovative, objective, and passive measures to precisely quantify children’s TDM use. The first aim of this specific project will be to focus on examining associations between preschoolers’ TDM use and executive functioning (EF) as well as testing EF as a cognitive mechanism linking TDM use with child BMI. The second aim will be to test bidirectional associations between executive functioning, child BMI, and TDM use. Finally, the third aim will test the novel moderating influences of general parenting (warmth/sensitivity, intrusiveness), parent scaffolding in two contexts (non-TDM and TDM), and TDM content, which are candidates for disrupting the cascade from children’s TDM use to their EF and BMI. To our knowledge, this will be the first study to use a comprehensive and objective assessment tool to measure TDM use, its association with EF, and the mediating role of EF on the TDM-BMI association in preschool children using a longitudinal design over a 12-month timeframe. Also, to our knowledge, this is one of the only studies to consider bidirectional associations – specifically that TDM use is not only related to children’s outcome, but also that children’s EF and BMI may influence their subsequent TDM use. As part of our focus on TDM use, educational content will be assessed advancing developmental research beyond a common focus on the amount of TDM use. Using multiple direct observational measures of EF in a controlled setting, this project will also inform the development of child cognition as well as obesity. Finally, adapted from existing tasks and coding procedures, a novel lab-based parent/child TDM task will be employed to examine parental scaffolding behaviors, known to improve child EF, and how these scaffolding behaviors may moderate links between TDM use and children’s EF. Advancing our understanding of the role of TDM use on the areas of cognition and health using innovative methods will assist in the development of effective strategies for improving child outcomes and provide parents and health service providers actionable information informing children’s TDM use guidelines.

项目摘要 技术和数字媒体（TDM）的使用与较差的发展和健康成果有关 在幼儿。鉴于TDM使用率很高，平均而言超出建议的率 学龄前儿童，重要的是检查TDM使用对发展和健康结果的影响 在儿童发展的关键早期阶段。使用多学科方法（临床心理学， 发展心理学，电气工程和儿科），这是该拟议大型目标的主要目标之一 P01应用程序（该项目是其中的一部分）是使用创新，客观和被动措施来 精确量化儿童的TDM使用。该特定项目的第一个目的是专注于检查 学龄前儿童的TDM使用与执行功能（EF）之间的关联以及将EF测试为 将TDM使用与儿童BMI联系起来的认知机制。第二个目标是测试双向关联 在执行功能，儿童BMI和TDM使用之间。最后，第三个目标将测试新颖的调节 一般育儿的影响（温暖/敏感性，侵入性），在两种情况下的父母脚手架（非TDM） 和TDM）和TDM内容，这些内容是将儿童TDM使用的级联反应的候选者 EF和BMI。据我们所知，这将是第一个使用全面和客观评估的研究 测量TDM使用，其与EF的关联以及EF在TDM-BMI关联中的中介作用的工具 在12个月的时间内使用纵向设计的学龄前儿童。另外，据我们所知，这是一个 在考虑双向关联的唯一研究中 - 特别是，TDM的使用不仅与 儿童的结果，以及儿童的EF和BMI可能会影响他们随后的TDM使用。作为 我们对TDM使用的关注，将评估教育内容的发展 共同关注TDM使用量。在受控的 设置，该项目还将为儿童认知和肥胖的发展提供信息。最后，改编自 现有的任务和编码程序，将雇用基于实验室的新型父母/子TDM任务来检查 父母的脚手架行为，已知可以改善儿童EF，以及这些脚手架行为如何现代化 TDM使用与儿童EF之间的链接。促进我们对TDM使用在该领域的作用的理解 使用创新方法认知和健康将有助于制定有效的策略 改善儿童成果，并为父母和卫生服务提供者提供可行的信息信息 儿童TDM使用指南。