Mechanical Engineering

机械工业

基本信息

批准号：
7916614
负责人：
SERGEI YAKUSHIN
金额：
$ 9.48万
依托单位：
ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2002-08-15 至
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7916614
关键词：
3-Dimensional Acceleration Animals Attitude Back Beds Biological Blood Pressure Centrifugation Collaborations Computers Devices Dystonia Emergency Situation Engineering Equipment Eye Movements Food Aversion Force of Gravity Fostering Funding Goals Grant Head Head Movements Heart Rate Human Humidity Individual Lasers Locomotion Maintenance Manufacturer Name Measures Mechanics Modification Molecular Monkeys Motion Sickness Motor Mus Muscle Nerve Patients Physiological Positioning Attribute Primates Reflex action Relative (related person)Research Research Infrastructure Research Personnel Research Support Rewards Rotation Running Safety Services Side Sledding Slide System Temperature Testing Training Visual Walking Water Work college design design and construction medical schools micromanipulator peroneal nerve repaired research study respiratory

项目摘要

Specific Aims: The goals of the Mechanical Engineering (ME) Core are to support research of Investigators across the Core Center by designing and building commercially unavailable parts, devices and machines, and by maintaining the machinery currently in use. The aim is to keep the research at the cutting edge in each field aided by the services of the machinists in the ME Core, and to promote collaborations among the individual Pi's. Over the last grant period, the ME Core has helped develop an infrastructure for research at Mount Sinai School of Medicine and Brooklyn College that has facilitated collaboration while enhancing individual research. This has generated new funded projects, as well as new collaborations that will expand the scope of the Core. The ME Core will continue to enhance the infrastructure during the next grant period by providing support for new projects and collaborations, as well as by enhancing work in ongoing projects. This will be accomplished in two Specific Aims. Specific Aim 1: Design and Build Commercially Unavailable Parts and Devices to Broaden the Scope of Research and Foster Collaborations: A. Monkey Single Unit and Locomotion Experiments (Yakushin/Raphan/Cohen): 1. Work with the C/EE Core to develop a training system for monkeys walking on a treadmill in the monkey locomotion experiments, so animals will watch a fixed point in space while they receive a water reward. Mount the screen displaying the targets on the linear treadmill. 2. Design and build (with the C/EE Core) new motor-driven micromanipulators that will be used for single unit studies of gravity-dependent gain adaptation in the monkey, and for unit recording in freely-moving monkeys during locomotion studies. 3. Design and build a device for the Cosmos rotator to measure the cervico-ocular reflex (COR) in monkeys, so the monkey's body can be oscillated with the head fixed or the head can be oscillated with the body fixed. 4. Design and build a primate chair for recording muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) from the peroneal nerve of monkeys in the COSMOS rotator and on the 'linear sled on a rotator' (Linear Sled). B. Mouse Physiological, Neuroanatomic and Molecular Biological Studies (Yakushin/ Holstein/Sealfon/ Margolskee/Max/Bedrich/Cohen/Sclafani/Raphan): 1. Configure the linear sled and rotator for mice. It is currently used for monkeys. Manufacture a new mouse holder that will fit into the mount on the linear sled. 2. Design and build new gimbal devices that will allow centrifugation of mice at varying levels of g at any attitude relative to the axis of rotation and the centripetal linear acceleration. 3. Mount the binocular mouse eye movement system on the device to record eye movements during centrifugation. 4. Manufacture small rotational devices to test mice at Brooklyn College in studies of food aversion following centrifugation in different orientations. C. Human Motion Sickness and Vestibulo-Autonomic Studies (Dai/Cohen/Kaufmann/Raphan/ Straumann): 1. Design and build with the C/EE Core, a new 3-D optokinetic stimulator with new gears and motors for the OVAR enclosure. 2. Develop a new head holder for the OVAR chair so that the head does not move during the rotations. Remount the video cameras that record eye movements. 3. With the C/EE Core, design and build a computer-controlled device to measure the subjective visual vertical while stationary and during OVAR. 4. Mount humidity and temperature controls in the OVAR enclosure and blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory devices on the OVAR chair. 5. Design and construct a bed for the Circular Treadmill to place subjects on their sides to habituate their vertical aVOR. D. Human Locomotion Studies (Raphan/Cohen/Cho/Smouha/Olanow): 1. Design and build a mechanism for raising the back of the linear treadmill to study walking downhill. 2. Design and build a gimbaled positioning mechanisms for a laser pointer so that head movements can be directed automatically and tested in patients with dystonia. 3. Design and build a harness on a sliding support on the ceiling to study climbing and descending a staircase. Specific Aim 2: Maintain and repair mechanical equipment: Vestibular research is heavily dependent on a wide variety of mechanical and electromechanical devices. In many instances, maintenance by the original manufacturers is not available but safety is essential. Therefore: 1. Regularly inspect, maintain and, if necessary, replace hoses in the hydraulic system that tilt the OVAR chair used in motion sickness studies. Also, regularly maintain motors that run the linear and circular treadmills. 2. Do emergency repair, small modifications, and routine maintenance of commercial machines, since using outside mechanics, is not only costly but generally not possible

具体目标：机械工程（ME）核心的目标是支持研究人员的研究通过设计和建造商业上不可用的零件，设备和机器，以及通过维护当前正在使用的机器。目的是将研究保持在每个领域的最前沿在ME核心中的机械师的服务协助下，并促进个人之间的合作 pi。在最后一个赠款期间，ME核心帮助开发了西奈山的研究基础设施医学院和布鲁克林学院，在增强个人研究的同时促进了合作。这产生了新的资助项目以及将扩大核心范围的新合作。 ME核心将通过提供支持，继续在下一个赠款期间增强基础设施新项目和合作以及通过增强正在进行的项目中的工作。这将完成在两个具体目标中。特定目标1：设计和建造商业上不可用的零件和设备，以扩大范围研究与促进合作： A.猴子单位和运动实验（Yakushin/Raphan/Cohen）：1。与C/EE一起工作核心要在猴子运动实验中开发猴子在跑步机上行走的训练系统，因此，动物会在获得水奖励的同时观看太空的固定点。安装屏幕显示线性跑步机上的目标。 2。设计和构建（带有C/EE核心）新的电动机驱动微型操纵器这将用于猴子中重力依赖性增益适应的单个单位研究，用于单位在运动研究期间以自由移动的猴子记录。 3。设计并为宇宙建造一个设备旋转器测量猴子中的宫颈 - 眼反射（COR），因此可以用猴子的身体振荡头部固定或头部可以用固定的身体振荡。 4。设计和建造一个灵长椅记录来自宇宙中猴子孔神经的肌肉交感神经活动（MSNA）旋转器和“旋转器上的线性雪橇”（线性雪橇）。 B.小鼠生理，神经解剖学和分子生物学研究（Yakushin/ Holstein/ Sealfon/ Margolskee/Max/Bedrich/Cohen/Sclafani/Raphan）：1。为小鼠配置线性雪橇和旋转器。这是目前用于猴子。制造一个新的鼠标架，该鼠标将适合线性雪橇上的安装座。 2。设计和制造新的世界饰品设备，以任何态度以不同级别的g鼠标离心小鼠相对于旋转轴和中心线性加速度。 3。安装双眼鼠标设备上的运动系统在离心过程中记录眼动。 4。制造小在布鲁克林学院测试小鼠的旋转设备在离心后进行食物厌恶研究不同的方向。 C.人类运动疾病和前庭自治研究（dai/cohen/kaufmann/raphan/ Straumann）：1。使用C/EE核心设计和构建，这是一种新的3-D光动力学刺激器，带有新的齿轮和椭圆形围墙的电动机。 2。为椭圆椅开发一个新的头架，以使头部没有在旋转期间移动。重新设置记录眼动的摄像机。 3。使用C/EE核心，设计和构建一个由计算机控制的设备，以测量固定和在卵子期间。 4。椭圆形和血压中的湿度和温度控制椭圆椅上的速率和呼吸设备。 5。设计和构建圆形跑步机的床将受试者放在两侧，习惯他们的垂直伏鸟。 D.人类运动研究（Raphan/Cohen/Cho/Smouha/Olanow）：1。设计和构建机构为了抬起线性跑步机的背面，以研究下坡行走。 2。设计和建造一个饰品激光指针的机制，以便可以自动定向头部运动并在患者中进行测试与肌张力障碍。 3.在天花板上的滑动支撑上设计和建造安全带，以研究攀岩和下楼梯。特定目的2：维护和维修机械设备：前庭研究很大程度上取决于各种各样的机械和机电设备。在许多情况下，按原始维护制造商不可用，但安全至关重要。因此：1。定期检查，维护和，如果必要时，在液压系统中替换软管，该软管倾斜了晕车研究的椭圆形椅子。另外，定期维护运行线性和圆形跑步机的电动机。 2。紧急维修，小由于使用外部机制，因此修改和常规维护商业机器不仅是昂贵但总体上不可能