Context-specific Spatial Adaptation of the VOR

VOR 的特定环境空间适应

• 批准号: 7904959
• 负责人: SERGEI YAKUSHIN
• 金额: $ 34.68万
• 依托单位: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-04-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7904959
• 关键词: Affect; Animals; Behavior; Behavioral; Binding; Cells; Central cord canal structure; Characteristics; Code; Data; Dependence; Development; Dimensions; Equilibrium; Eye; Eye Movements; Force of Gravity; Frequencies; Goals; Head; Helping Behavior; Hour; Investigation; Learning; Left; Lesion; Measures; Medial; Modeling; Modification; Monkeys; Motor Neurons; Muscle; Neural Network Simulation; Neurons; Oculomotor nucleus; Output; Pathway interactions; Positioning Attribute; Process; Property; Relative (related person); Research; Saccades; Side; Space Perception; Spatial Distribution; Speed; Structure; Sum; System; Testing; Vestibular nucleus structure; Weight; Work; Yaws; base; cranial vestibular nucleus structure; experience; insight; models and simulation; neuromechanism; novel strategies; oculomotor; otoconia; research study; response; simulation; vector; vestibulo-ocular reflex; visual-vestibular

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Gravity is an important context for adapting the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR) by visual-vestibular mismatch. Maximal gain changes occur in the position of adaptation and decrease, as the head is oriented away from this position. The spectral components of the gravity-dependent adaptation are also tuned to the frequency of adaptation. A study is proposed to determine the cellular basis for the gravity and frequency dependent aspects of this adaptation in the vestibular nuclei of the alert monkey. The frequency characteristics of gravity dependent adaptation will first be studied to determine how adaptation at one frequency affects adaptation over a wide range of frequencies and head orientations. This will lay the groundwork for studying adaptive changes in canal-ocular transduction and reorientation of otolith polarization vectors in central vestibular neurons. Such studies will include: 1) Characterizing the cellular changes associated with gravity-dependent adaptation in the otolith polarization vectors of otolith-canal convergent neurons in the vestibular nuclei. 2) Investigating how adaptive changes in the otolith reorientation and canal-ocular transduction of canal-otolith convergent neurons at a particular frequency are related to the spatio-temporal convergence (STC) characteristics of the unit. Preliminary investigations show that when gravity-dependent adaptation is induced at a specific frequency, the canal-otolith convergent neurons developed STC characteristics that also tuned to the frequency of adaptation. 3) Determine how FTN and PVP neurons code the gravity-dependent adaptation. 4) Tie these findings to a neuronal net model, which will form the underlying basis for the study. It is postulated that gravity- dependent adaptation is a spatio-temporal process, which is encoded in the STC characteristics of canal- otolith convergent units. It is further proposed that vestibular-only (VO) neurons in the vestibular nuclei transmit this information through the flocculus to floccular target neurons (FTN) and directly to position- vestibular-pause (PVP) cells that code gravity dependent adaptation.The proposed research will determine the neural mechanism for the dependence of adaptation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex on gravity. This could provide a new approach to explaining difficulties in balance and spatial orientation commonly encountered after lesions of the vestibular system.

描述（由申请人提供）：重力是通过视觉 - 视觉不匹配来适应角骨 - 眼反射（AVOR）的重要背景。随着头部远离该位置的定向，最大增益发生在适应和减小的位置。重力依赖性适应的光谱成分也被调整为适应频率。提出了一项研究，以确定警报猴的前庭核中这种适应的重力和频率依赖性方面的细胞基础。首先将研究重力依赖性适应的频率特征，以确定一个频率的适应性如何影响广泛的频率和头部方向的适应。这将为研究中央前庭神经元中耳石极化矢量的运河 - 英格转导和重新定位的自适应变化奠定基础。此类研究将包括：1）表征与前庭核中耳石 - 纳尔融合神经元耳石极化载体中与重力依赖性适应相关的细胞变化。 2）研究在特定频率下运河 - 元石融合神经元的耳石重新定向和运河 - 眼部转导的自适应变化与单元的时空收敛（STC）特征有关。初步研究表明，当重力依赖性适应以特定频率诱导时，运河 - 元石融合神经元会产生STC特征，也调整了适应频率。 3）确定FTN和PVP神经元如何编码重力依赖性适应。 4）将这些发现与神经元网络模型联系起来，这将构成研究的基础。据推测，重力依赖性适应是一种时空过程，该过程在运河 - 能石收敛单位的STC特征中编码。进一步提出，前庭核中的仅前庭（vo）神经元通过絮凝物将此信息传播到絮状靶神经元（FTN），直接转移到位置 - 前庭po pause（PVP）细胞，以编码重力依赖性适应。所提出的研究将确定对适应性依赖性的神经机制。这可以提供一种新的方法来解释前庭系统病变后通常遇到的平衡和空间取向的困难。