Friendship Networks and Emergence of Substance Use

友谊网络和药物使用的出现

• 批准号: 7208394
• 负责人: D WAYNE OSGOOD
• 金额: $ 22.12万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-01 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7208394
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Affect; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Attitude; Characteristics; Classification; Code; Communities; Conceptions; Data; Data Set; Development; Diffusion; Esthesia; Friends; Friendships; Funding; Future; Gender; Health; Heterogeneity; Income; Individual; Influentials; Investigation; Link; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Methods; Nature; Network-based; Outcome; Pathway Analysis; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Performance; Population; Positioning Attribute; Prevention; Prevention program; Price; Problem behavior; Process; Randomized; Range; Rate; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Residential Mobility; Resistance; Respondent; Role; Rural; Sampling; Schools; Social Network; Source; Standards of Weights and Measures; Students; System; Testing; Variant; Work; Youth; base; cohort; demographics; design; developmental psychology; deviant; insight; peer; peer influence; programs; size; skills; social; sociologist; theories; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose to advance the study of peer influence on substance use through a longitudinal investigation of adolescent friendship networks from 6th through 9th grades. Our approach combines the strengths of the fields of research on adolescent problem behavior, developmental psychology, and network analysis. The project's specific aims are 1) to examine the developing role of substance use as a basis of similarity within friendship groups; 2) to determine both the influence of friendship networks on substance use and the contribution of substance use to friendship selection; 3) to determine the moderators of friends' influence on substance use; 4) to examine network sources of peer influence other than the immediate friendship group, and 5) to establish the effects of an evidence-based prevention program on friendship networks and the role of those effects as mediators of the program's impact on substance use. This proposal seeks funding to analyze valuable data being collected in a large prevention trial, the specific aims of which do not include processing and analysis of the key information for our work. That study gathered five waves of data on both friendship choices and a variety of self-report measures for all students in two grade cohorts at 28 schools (N=11,000+) as well as measures of school and community characteristics. This dataset is superior to prior studies of peer influence in that it measures friends' characteristics from their own reports, includes several longitudinal assessments of both friendship networks and outcomes, covers a developmental period that is critical for both substance use and peer relations, uses rural settings that provide maximum coverage of friendship networks, and samples enough schools to study variation in peer processes across settings. We also will overcome some limitations and biases of prior research on peer influence through longitudinal diffusion analyses that capture the extended network implications of influence and friendship selection processes. Both theorists and researchers attribute great importance to friends' influence on substance use, and accordingly prevention programs emphasize peer resistance skills and use peer leaders to help convey their message. The proposed study strives to overcome the limitations in our understanding of peer influence that hamper these efforts and thereby seeks to help reduce future substance use and abuse.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们建议通过对六年级至九年级青少年友谊网络的纵向调查来推进同伴对药物使用影响的研究。我们的方法结合了青少年问题行为、发展心理学和网络分析等研究领域的优势。该项目的具体目标是 1) 研究物质使用作为友谊群体内相似性基础的发展作用； 2）确定友谊网络对物质使用的影响以及物质使用对友谊选择的贡献； 3）确定朋友对物质使用影响的调节因素； 4) 检查除直接友谊团体之外的同伴影响的网络来源，以及 5) 确定基于证据的预防计划对友谊网络的影响以及这些影响作为该计划对药物使用影响的中介的作用。该提案寻求资金来分析大型预防试验中收集的有价值的数据，其具体目标不包括处理和分析我们工作的关键信息。该研究收集了 28 所学校两个年级组所有学生 (N=11,000+) 的五波关于友谊选择和各种自我报告测量的数据，以及学校和社区特征的测量。该数据集优于先前对同伴影响的研究，因为它根据朋友自己的报告衡量朋友的特征，包括对友谊网络和结果的多项纵向评估，涵盖对物质使用和同伴关系都至关重要的发展时期，使用农村提供最大程度的友谊网络覆盖的环境，并抽样足够多的学校来研究不同环境中同伴过程的差异。我们还将通过纵向扩散分析克服先前关于同伴影响力的研究的一些局限性和偏见，捕捉影响力和友谊选择过程的扩展网络影响。理论家和研究人员都非常重视朋友对药物使用的影响，因此预防计划强调同伴抵抗技能并利用同伴领袖来帮助传达他们的信息。拟议的研究致力于克服我们对同伴影响的理解上的局限性，这些局限性阻碍了这些努力，从而寻求帮助减少未来的药物使用和滥用。