Anterior Cingulate and Fronto-Insular Related Brain Networks in Autism

自闭症患者的前扣带皮层和额岛相关脑网络

• 批准号: 7452768
• 负责人: JIN FAN
• 金额: $ 22.21万
• 依托单位: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-05-01 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7452768
• 关键词: Accounting; Adult; Affect; Affective; Anterior; Area; Asperger Syndrome; Attention; Autistic Disorder; Axon; Base of the Brain; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Cells; Cerebral cortex; Child; Clinical Data; Cognition; Cognitive; Communication; Complex; Computer information processing; Condition; Coupled; Data; Detection; Development; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Electric Stimulation; Emotional; Emotions; Empathy; Esthesia; Event; Face; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Human; Image; Impairment; Individual; Insula of Reil; Investigation; Knowledge; Lead; Link; Love; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Medical; Methods; Mind; Neurons; Not Otherwise Specified; Pain; Pain Threshold; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Pervasive Development Disorder; Play; Pongidae; Preparation; Process; Public Health; Reciprocal Social Interaction; Research Personnel; Rest; Role; Science; Self-Injurious Behavior; Sensory; Series; Severities; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Social Environment; Social Problems; Source; Stereotyping; Structure; Symptoms; System; Temperature; Testing; Thalamic structure; Time; Trigeminal nerve structure; Uncertainty; autism spectrum disorder; blood oxygen level dependent; central coherence; cingulate cortex; cognitive function; developmental disease; executive function; experience; innovation; insight; interest; multitask; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; novel; research clinical testing; response; sensory cortex; sensory integration; sensory stimulus; social; social integration; social model; theories; visual stimulus; white matter; Accounting; Adult; Affect; Affective; Anterior; Area; Asperger Syndrome; Attention; Autistic Disorder; Axon; Base of the Brain; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Cells; Cerebral cortex; Child; Clinical Data; Cognition; Cognitive; Communication; Complex; Computer information processing; Condition; Coupled; Data; Detection; Development; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Electric Stimulation; Emotional; Emotions; Empathy; Esthesia; Event; Face; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Human; Image; Impairment; Individual; Insula of Reil; Investigation; Knowledge; Lead; Link; Love; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Medical; Methods; Mind; Neurons; Not Otherwise Specified; Pain; Pain Threshold; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Pervasive Development Disorder; Play; Pongidae; Preparation; Process; Public Health; Reciprocal Social Interaction; Research Personnel; Rest; Role; Science; Self-Injurious Behavior; Sensory; Series; Severities; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Social Environment; Social Problems; Source; Stereotyping; Structure; Symptoms; System; Temperature; Testing; Thalamic structure; Time; Trigeminal nerve structure; Uncertainty; autism spectrum disorder; blood oxygen level dependent; central coherence; cingulate cortex; cognitive function; developmental disease; executive function; experience; innovation; insight; interest; multitask; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; novel; research clinical testing; response; sensory cortex; sensory integration; sensory stimulus; social; social integration; social model; theories; visual stimulus; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Autism is characterized as a qualitative impairment in reciprocal social interaction and communication, with a restricted, repetitive and stereotyped pattern of behavior, interest, and activities. Autism is the most common condition in a group of developmental disorders of the brain known as the autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), including autistic disorder, Asperger syndrome, and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified. Autism affects as many as six in a thousand children and adults. Although innumerable landmark advances have been achieved in the medical sciences, our knowledge about pathophysiology of autism is still very limited. Von Economo neurons (VENs) are large, bipolar, spindle shaped neurons that are most abundant in the human anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and fronto-insular cortex (FI) and may be involved in the fast and intuitive assessment of complex situations. Deficiencies of VENs in these regions may result in the inability to process complex, unpredictable, and novel information in a social context. There is evidence linking the behavioral deficits observed in patients with autism to the functions of these brain regions, suggesting that the impairments of social and cognitive abilities may relate to abnormal development of VENs. We propose to investigate abnormalities of ACC- and FI-related brain networks involved in both low-level sensory and perceptual and high-level cognitive processes in high-functioning patients with ASD. We hypothesize that, compared to normal controls, there will be a core deficit in the ACC and FI in patients with ASD in terms of abnormal functional activation and connectivity. We will utilize a modified anticipatory stimulation paradigm as well as an empathy and judging other's pain task, and employ multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods including event related functional MRI, morphometric MRI, and diffusion tensor imaging to test the hypotheses. We will also explore the association between patients' imaging data and the severity of deficits in the three symptom domains of autism. This innovative approach involving the integration of sensory/perceptual and cognitive tasks, multi-modal neuroimaging, and clinical testing, as well as linking of this project to other ongoing studies that directly investigate VENs at the neuronal level, will provide specific and comprehensive functional and anatomical insight into the neural mechanisms of this disorder, which will enlighten our understanding of autism at both neuronal and cognitive levels and may also guide novel treatment approaches. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Autism is characterized as a qualitative impairment in reciprocal social interaction and communication, with a restricted, repetitive and stereotyped pattern of behavior, interest, and activities, affecting as many as six in a thousand children and adults. Although innumerable landmark advances have been achieved in the medical sciences, our knowledge about pathophysiology of autism is still very limited. This innovative approach involving the integration of sensory/perceptual and cognitive tasks, multi-modal neuroimaging, and clinical testing will provide specific and comprehensive functional and anatomical insight into the neural mechanisms of this disorder and may also guide novel treatment approaches.

描述（由申请人提供）：自闭症的特征是相互社会互动和沟通中的定性障碍，其行为，兴趣和活动的有限，重复和刻板印象。自闭症是一组被称为自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的大脑发育障碍中最常见的病情，包括自闭症疾病，阿斯伯格综合征和普遍性发育障碍，尚未指定。自闭症在一千个儿童和成人中影响多达六个。尽管在医学科学中已经取得了无数的地标进步，但我们对自闭症病理生理学的了解仍然非常有限。 von经济神经元（Vens）是大的，双极的，纺锤形的神经元，在人前扣带回皮层（ACC）和额 - 额 - 独立皮层（FI）中最丰富，并且可能参与复杂情况的快速而直观的评估。在这些地区，Vens的不足可能导致无法在社会环境中处理复杂，不可预测和新颖的信息。有证据表明，自闭症患者观察到的行为缺陷与这些大脑区域的功能有关，这表明社会和认知能力的障碍可能与Vens的异常发育有关。我们建议研究在高功能的ASD患者中，与低级感觉和感知和高级认知过程涉及的ACC和FI相关脑网络异常。我们假设与正常对照组相比，在功能激活异常和连通性方面，ASD患者的ACC和FI核心缺陷。我们将利用修改的预期刺激范式以及同理心和判断他人的疼痛任务，并采用多模式磁共振成像（MRI）方法（包括事件相关的功能性MRI，形态计量MRI和扩散量量量张量成像来测试假设。我们还将探讨患者的成像数据与自闭症三个症状领域缺陷的严重程度之间的关联。这种创新的方法涉及涉及感觉/感知和认知任务，多模式神经影像以及临床测试以及该项目与其他正在进行的研究之间的联系，这些研究将在神经元水平上直接研究，将提供特定和全面的功能和解剖学指导，并将其识别为层次，以使我们的ne含量以及我们的神经概念的理解和自动化的理解，并实现了自动化的启发，并实现了启发，并实现了良好的启发。新型治疗方法。公共卫生相关性：自闭症的特征是相互社会互动和沟通中的定性障碍，其行为，兴趣和活动的有限，重复和定型的模式受到限制，重复和陈规定型的观念，影响了一千个儿童和成人的六个。尽管在医学科学中已经取得了无数的地标进步，但我们对自闭症病理生理学的了解仍然非常有限。这种涉及感觉/感知和认知任务，多模式神经成像以及临床测试的创新方法将提供对这种疾病神经机制的特定功能和解剖学见解，并可能引导新型治疗方法。