Encoding of Vocal Signals in the Auditory System

听觉系统中声音信号的编码

基本信息

批准号：
7324086
负责人：
ANDREW H BASS
金额：
$ 32.24万
依托单位：
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1974
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1974-09-01 至 2011-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7324086
关键词：
Acoustics Advertisements Antibodies Aromatase Auditory Auditory Evoked Potentials Auditory Physiology Auditory system Bass Behavior Calcium Clinical Enzymes Epithelium Estradiol Estrogen Receptor alpha Estrogen Receptors Estrogens Event Exhibits Female Fire - disasters Fishes Frequencies Ganglia Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Hair Cells Hearing Hormonal Hormones Human Immunofluorescence Immunologic Impairment In Situ Hybridization Ion Channel Label Lead Mammals Messenger RNA Modeling Molecular Myxoid cyst Neuroglia Neurons Neuropathy Organ Partner in relationship Pattern Peripheral Phase Phenotype Physiology Polymerase Chain Reaction Potassium Channel Process Property Regulation Relative (related person)Research Personnel Saccule structure Schwann Cells Sensory Signal Transduction Site Source Steroids Structure Sum Syndrome Testing Testosterone Time Translations Turner&apos s Syndrome Week afferent nerve age related ganglion cell immunocytochemistry large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels male neuronal cell body neurophysiology programs reproductive research study satellite cell teleost teleost fish vocalization voltage

项目摘要

The discovery of estrogen-dependent plasticity in the peripheral auditory system of teleost fish provides an ideal model for establishing the cellular, molecular and neurophysiological mechanisms leading to steroid modulation of audition. Female midshipman fish use the multi-harmonic vocalizations ("hums") of males for mate localization and exhibit dramatic reproductive state- dependent shifts in the encoding of the male's hum by eighth nerve afferents that innervate the saccule, the main peripheral auditory organ in teleosts. Thus, the primary saccular afferents of reproductive females, compared to those of non-reproductive females, show an increase in best frequency and improvement in the precision of temporal encoding (via phase-locking) to the upper harmonics of male hums. Either 17|3-estradiol or testosterone treatment of non-reproductive females for 3-5 weeks induces the enhanced auditory phenotype of reproductive females, consistent with transcriptionally-dependent events. The observed changes are likely entirely due to estrogen that circulates at two fold higher levels in reproductive females. In addition, auditory ganglion cells adjacent to the saccule's hair cell layer express the enzyme aromatase that converts testosterone.to estrogen, and can therefore aromatize circulating testosterone to augment the locally available source of estrogen. Two specific aims will investigate estrogen-dependent shifts in molecular (potassium channels and estrogen receptors) and neurophysiological (hair cell and primary afferent encoding) mechanisms that can lead to improvements in temporal processing via phase-locking in the auditory system. The proposed studies will also delineate mechanisms of sensorineural plasticity that are relevant to shifts in age-related hormonal states, including changes in audition that occur during the reproductive cycle and in clinical syndromes"associatedwith abnormal patterns of hormone secretion (e.g., Turner's Syndrome)..Lastly, the proposed experiments will lead to a more fundamental understanding of how deficits in the temporal encoding of acoustic signals, dependent on phase-locking mechanisms, contribute to impairments in hearing observed among humans including those .with auditory; neuropathy/dys-synchrony.. '-.'¿......

硬骨鱼外周听觉系统雌激素依赖性可塑性的发现为建立细胞、分子和神经生理机制提供了理想的模型导致女性见习鱼使用多谐波的类固醇调节。雄性用于交配定位的发声（“嗡嗡声”）并表现出戏剧性的繁殖状态- 男性嗡嗡声的编码依赖于支配第八神经传入的变化球囊，硬骨鱼的主要外周听觉器官。与非生育女性相比，生育女性的最佳表现有所增加频率和时间编码精度的提高（通过锁相）到上层对非生育女性进行 17|3-雌二醇或睾酮治疗。 3-5周可诱导生殖雌性听觉表型增强，与观察到的变化可能完全是由雌激素引起的。此外，听觉神经节细胞在生殖女性中的回收水平高出两倍。邻近囊毛细胞层表达芳香酶，将睾酮转化为雌激素，因此可以使循环睾酮芳香化，以增加局部可用的睾酮雌激素的来源。两个具体目标将研究分子（钾通道和雌激素受体）和神经生理学（毛细胞和初级传入编码）机制可以通过听觉系统中的锁相来改善时间处理。拟议的研究还将描述与转变相关的感觉神经可塑性机制与年龄相关的荷尔蒙状态，包括生殖周期中发生的听力变化以及与激素分泌异常模式相关的临床综合征（例如特纳综合征）综合症）..最后，所提出的实验将导致对如何进行更基本的理解声信号时间编码的缺陷，取决于锁相机制，导致人类听力损伤，包括听觉障碍；神经病/不同步..'-.'¿ ......