Encoding of Vocal Signals in the Auditory System

听觉系统中声音信号的编码

基本信息

批准号：
7324086
负责人：
ANDREW H BASS
金额：
$ 32.24万
依托单位：
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1974
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1974-09-01 至 2011-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7324086
关键词：
Acoustics Advertisements Antibodies Aromatase Auditory Auditory Evoked Potentials Auditory Physiology Auditory system Bass Behavior Calcium Clinical Enzymes Epithelium Estradiol Estrogen Receptor alpha Estrogen Receptors Estrogens Event Exhibits Female Fire - disasters Fishes Frequencies Ganglia Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Hair Cells Hearing Hormonal Hormones Human Immunofluorescence Immunologic Impairment In Situ Hybridization Ion Channel Label Lead Mammals Messenger RNA Modeling Molecular Myxoid cyst Neuroglia Neurons Neuropathy Organ Partner in relationship Pattern Peripheral Phase Phenotype Physiology Polymerase Chain Reaction Potassium Channel Process Property Regulation Relative (related person)Research Personnel Saccule structure Schwann Cells Sensory Signal Transduction Site Source Steroids Structure Sum Syndrome Testing Testosterone Time Translations Turner&apos s Syndrome Week afferent nerve age related ganglion cell immunocytochemistry large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels male neuronal cell body neurophysiology programs reproductive research study satellite cell teleost teleost fish vocalization voltage

项目摘要

The discovery of estrogen-dependent plasticity in the peripheral auditory system of teleost fish provides an ideal model for establishing the cellular, molecular and neurophysiological mechanisms leading to steroid modulation of audition. Female midshipman fish use the multi-harmonic vocalizations ("hums") of males for mate localization and exhibit dramatic reproductive state- dependent shifts in the encoding of the male's hum by eighth nerve afferents that innervate the saccule, the main peripheral auditory organ in teleosts. Thus, the primary saccular afferents of reproductive females, compared to those of non-reproductive females, show an increase in best frequency and improvement in the precision of temporal encoding (via phase-locking) to the upper harmonics of male hums. Either 17|3-estradiol or testosterone treatment of non-reproductive females for 3-5 weeks induces the enhanced auditory phenotype of reproductive females, consistent with transcriptionally-dependent events. The observed changes are likely entirely due to estrogen that circulates at two fold higher levels in reproductive females. In addition, auditory ganglion cells adjacent to the saccule's hair cell layer express the enzyme aromatase that converts testosterone.to estrogen, and can therefore aromatize circulating testosterone to augment the locally available source of estrogen. Two specific aims will investigate estrogen-dependent shifts in molecular (potassium channels and estrogen receptors) and neurophysiological (hair cell and primary afferent encoding) mechanisms that can lead to improvements in temporal processing via phase-locking in the auditory system. The proposed studies will also delineate mechanisms of sensorineural plasticity that are relevant to shifts in age-related hormonal states, including changes in audition that occur during the reproductive cycle and in clinical syndromes"associatedwith abnormal patterns of hormone secretion (e.g., Turner's Syndrome)..Lastly, the proposed experiments will lead to a more fundamental understanding of how deficits in the temporal encoding of acoustic signals, dependent on phase-locking mechanisms, contribute to impairments in hearing observed among humans including those .with auditory; neuropathy/dys-synchrony.. '-.'¿......

在硬骨鱼外围听觉系统中发现雌激素依赖性可塑性提供了建立细胞，分子和神经生理机制的理想模型导致类固醇的试镜调节。雌性中型鱼类使用多谐波男性的发声（“嗡嗡声”）用于伴侣定位和暴露的戏剧性生殖状态 - 第八神经传入的男性嗡嗡声中的依赖转移，使该神经支配 Anccule，Telests中的主要外围听觉器官。那是与非生殖女性相比，生殖女性的雌性最佳有所增加临时编码（通过相锁定）到上部的频率和改进男性鹰队的谐波。 17 | 3-雌二醇或睾丸激素治疗非成熟雌性在3-5周中，诱导了生殖女性的听觉表型增强，与转录依赖性事件。观察到的变化可能完全是由于雌激素在重复的女性中以更高的水平循环。另外，听觉神经节细胞毗邻Anccule的毛细胞层，表达将睾丸激素转化为睾丸激素的酶芳香酶雌激素，因此可以芳香循环睾丸激素增强本地可用的雌激素的来源。两个具体目标将研究分子（钾通道和雌激素受体）和神经生理学（毛细胞和主要传入编码）机制可以通过听觉系统中的相锁来改善临时处理。这拟议的研究还将描述与移位有关的感官可塑性的机制在与年龄相关的激素状态下，包括复制周期中发生的试听变化在临床综合征中“与骑马分泌异常模式相关的综合症（例如，特纳综合征）..最后，提出的实验将导致对如何采取更基本的了解声学信号暂时编码的缺陷，取决于相锁定机制，在包括听觉的人在内的人类观察到的听力障碍中有助于障碍；神经病/dys-synchrony ..' - 。