Digital 2-D Neutron Detector for Protein Function Studies

用于蛋白质功能研究的数字二维中子探测器

基本信息

批准号：
7340184
负责人：
BIPIN SINGH
金额：
$ 40.63万
依托单位：
RADIATION MONITORING DEVICES, INC.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2005-02-01 至 2010-01-14
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7340184
关键词：
Ablation Address Aluminum Area Arts Basic Science Bioenergetics Biological Biological Process Biology Calibration Catalysis Cell Nucleus Ceramics Chemicals Collaborations Communities Count Coupled Crystallography Data Data Analyses Data Quality Deposition Detection Deuterium Development Diagnostic radiologic examination Digital Radiography Digital Ray Disease Disease Progression Drug Design Electrons Engineering Ensure Enzymatic Biochemistry Equipment Evaluation Film Funding Gamma Rays Glycine Goals Government Growth High temperature of physical object Human Resources Hydrogen Image Industry Investigation Kansas Laboratories Lasers Lateral Lifting Ligands Light Location Logistics Manufacturer Name Marketing Massachusetts Measurement Metals Methods Modification Molecular Molecular Structure Monitor Morphology Myoglobin Nature Neutron Diffraction Neutrons Noise Numbers Object Attachment Operative Surgical Procedures Optics Outcome Output Performance Persons Pharmaceutical Preparations Phase Phase I Clinical Trials Photons Play Polymers Positioning Attribute Property Protein Dynamics Proteins Protocols documentation Publishing Purpose Radiation Monitoring Range Rate Reaction Time Reporting Research Research Personnel Resolution Resources Role Scanning Science Scientist Signal Transduction Silicon Solid Source Staging Structure Surface Surveys System Techniques Technology Testing Thick Time Today Universities Viral Visible Radiation Water Work X-Ray Crystallography base charge coupled device camera commercialization cost design detector digital digital imaging electron cloud experience functional genomics gadolinium oxide image processing imaging detector improved insight instrument instrumentation interest monitoring device neutron radiation novel programs protein function protein structure protein structure function prototype research study response sensor structural biology systems research tool two-dimensional vapor

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Information on the structure and function of proteins is important for unveiling biological processes taking place on a molecular level. X-ray crystallography has been successful in determining protein structure, however, it is not well suited for analyzing hydrogen atoms and water molecules. It has been shown that the thermal neutrons are a far better tool for probing interactions between proteins and water, because they interact directly with light nuclei, not their electron clouds as in case of x-ray diffraction. However, the use of thermal neutrons has been underutilized, partially due to the lack of adequate detectors. Current two-dimensional detectors for neutrons do not provide adequate area coverage, spatial resolution, sensitivity, and geometry best suited for the given application. To address these issues, we propose to develop a large area digital imaging detector for thermal neutrons, which offers a better combination of surface coverage, spatial resolution, detection efficiency and dynamic range than is currently possible. The detector is based on a novel, large-area scintillator, tailored for imaging thermal neutrons, coupled to a digital readout. This thermal neutron imaging system will advance the state-of-the-art of detectors used in macromolecular crystallography and neutron radiography. High resolution neutron imaging will provide better insights into biological systems, and polymers and other ordered structures. For example, it will provide better understanding of disease progression, improved insights into viral structures through neutron diffraction studies. The proposed detector could be employed at any neutron source facility and would help to advance basic research in protein mechanisms as well as drug design. Non-biomedical applications could be found in non-destructive testing and secuity scanning at entry ports and strategic facilities. The goal of this Phase II project is to develop at high spatial resolution scintillator for neutron macromolecular crystallography, which compliments x-ray crystallography in its ability to precisely locate hydrogen atoms in protein molecules. The information on hydrogen location is important for monitoring protein dynamics and helps to understand nature of disease. The proposed detector could be employed at any neutron source facility and would help to advance research of protein mechanisms as well as drug design.

描述（由申请人提供）：有关蛋白质结构和功能的信息对于在分子水平上揭示生物过程很重要。 X射线晶体学已成功地确定蛋白质结构，但是它不适合分析氢原子和水分子。已经表明，热中子是探测蛋白质与水之间相互作用的更好的工具，因为它们直接与光核直接相互作用，而不是X射线衍射的情况下的电子云。然而，热中子的使用未充分利用，部分原因是缺乏足够的探测器。当前中子的二维检测器不提供最适合给定应用的足够面积覆盖率，空间分辨率，灵敏度和几何形状。为了解决这些问题，我们建议为热中子开发大面积的数字成像探测器，该检测器比目前可能提供的更好的表面覆盖，空间分辨率，检测效率和动态范围更好。该探测器基于一个新型的大区域闪烁体，该闪烁剂量身定制，用于成像热中子，并与数字读数相结合。该热中子成像系统将推进大分子晶体学和中子X射线照相术中使用的最新检测器。高分辨率中子成像将为生物系统以及聚合物和其他有序结构提供更好的见解。例如，它将通过中子衍射研究更好地了解疾病进展，改善对病毒结构的见解。所提出的检测器可以在任何中子源设施中使用，并有助于推进蛋白质机制和药物设计方面的基础研究。在入口端口和战略设施的非破坏性测试和隔离扫描中可以找到非生物医学应用。该II期项目的目的是在高空间分辨率闪烁体中开发用于中子大分子晶体学的镜头，该晶体学晶体学以精确定位蛋白质分子中的氢原子的能力来补充X射线晶体学。有关氢位置的信息对于监测蛋白质动力学很重要，并有助于理解疾病的性质。所提出的检测器可以在任何中子源设施中使用，并有助于进步对蛋白质机制和药物设计的研究。