THE MAINTENANCE OF FETAL MATERNAL TOLERANCE IN MARSUPIALS

有袋动物胎儿母体耐受性的维持

• 批准号: 7382029
• 负责人: MICHELLE L BAKER
• 金额: $ 10.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7382029
• 关键词: MAINTENANCE; FETAL; MATERNAL; TOLERANCE; MARSUPIALS

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. One of the remaining enigmas in immunology is the ability of the fetus to escape rejection by the maternal immune system despite antigenic differences in the embryo contributed by paternal alleles. It is clear from studies in placental mammals, humans in particular, that the maternal immune system is "aware" of the fetal antigens as foreign. How the maternal immune system is regulated to prevent rejection of fetal, specifically placental tissues, is not completely understood. A novel approach to understanding the problem of how fetal-maternal tolerance is maintained is to ask, "what mechanisms appeared during mammalian evolution to adapt the immune system to tolerate an allogeneic placenta?" This question can only be answered through comparative analysis of mammalian fetal-maternal interactions. In this proposal we are using marsupials as the alternative models of evolution of mammalian reproduction. Two species of marsupials are used in this study; the South American opossum, Monodelphis domestica, which has a simple yolk sac placenta and the Northern brown bandicoot, Isoodon macrourus, which has a chorio-allantoic placenta, not unlike eutherian mammals such as humans and mice. These two species should provide interesting insights into how different levels of placentation affect mechanisms of fetal-maternal tolerance. This study takes advantage of the NIH funded whole genome sequence of M. domestica.

该子项目是利用 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供的资源的众多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者 (PI) 可能已从另一个 NIH 来源获得主要资金，因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中得到体现。列出的机构是中心的机构，不一定是研究者的机构。免疫学中剩下的谜团之一是，尽管胚胎中存在由父系等位基因造成的抗原差异，但胎儿是否有能力逃避母体免疫系统的排斥。对胎盘哺乳动物（尤其是人类）的研究清楚地表明，母体免疫系统“意识到”胎儿抗原是外来的。如何调节母体免疫系统以防止胎儿（特别是胎盘组织）的排斥反应尚不完全清楚。理解如何维持胎儿-母体耐受性问题的一种新方法是问：“哺乳动物进化过程中出现了哪些机制来使免疫系统适应同种异体胎盘？”这个问题只能通过对哺乳动物胎儿与母体相互作用的比较分析来回答。在这个提案中，我们使用有袋动物作为哺乳动物繁殖进化的替代模型。本研究使用了两种有袋动物：南美负鼠 Monodelphis Domestica 有一个简单的卵黄囊胎盘，而北方棕袋狸 Isoodon Macrourus 有绒毛膜尿囊胎盘，与人类和小鼠等真兽类哺乳动物没有什么不同。这两个物种应该为不同胎盘水平如何影响胎儿-母体耐受机制提供有趣的见解。这项研究利用了 NIH 资助的家蝇全基因组序列。