Longitudinal Studies of Conscientiousness and Health

责任心与健康的纵向研究

基本信息

批准号：
7672834
负责人：
BRENT W ROBERTS
金额：
$ 39.49万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2002-09-15 至 2009-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7672834
关键词：
Accounting Address Affect Age Behavior COMT gene Candidate Disease Gene Cardiovascular Diseases Catechol O-Methyltransferase Categories Classification Cross-Sectional Studies DRD4 gene Data Development Dopamine Empirical Research Environmental Risk Factor Foundations Funding Genes Genetic Genetic Polymorphism Genetic screening method Goals Grant Growth Health Health behavior Impulsivity Individual Differences Life Cycle Stages Link Longitudinal Studies Malignant Neoplasms Measurement Methaqualone Modeling Numbers Outcome Participant Pathway interactions Pattern Personal Satisfaction Personality Personality Traits Play Positioning Attribute Premature Mortality Process Research Role Sampling Self-control as a personality trait Smoking Behavior Testing Time base cohort design experience falls follow-up gene environment interaction improved low socioeconomic status mortality programs prospective social

项目摘要

Health-related behaviors are now considered one of the primary reasons for poor health outcomes, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and premature mortality (McGinnis & Foege, 1993). One of the keys to improving health is identifying the antecedents to health behaviors, which fall into the superordinate categories of individual differences, such as personality traits, and social environmental factors, such as low socioeconomic status (Adler & Mathews, 1994). At the time of our last grant submission, the personality trait of conscientiousness¿individual differences in the propensity to be self-controlled, organized, planful, and norm following¿had not been systematically integrated into research on the health process. With the support of grant R01AG21178 we initiated a program of research, including two longitudinal studies, to examine the role of conscientiousness in the health process. In the last five years we have shown that conscientiousness predicts all risky and preventative health behaviors that affect physical health and mortality. That conscientiousness also predicts many of the social environmental factors that contribute to positive health outcomes. And that conscientiousness, health behaviors, and social environmental factors are reciprocally related to one another over time. Based on this program of research, it is clear that conscientiousness plays a significant role in determining positive health outcomes across the life course, including old age. With this foundation of research in place, we propose to pursue 3 aims for the current competing renewal of R01AG21178: 1) test the effect of genetic polymorphisms on conscientiousness, health behaviors, social environmental factors and their associations, 2) extend the longitudinal studies to incorporate the effect of conscientiousness, health behaviors and social environmental factors on physical health and mortality, and 3) continue our longitudinal research initiated as part of the grant into the interplay of conscientiousness, health behaviors, and social environmental factors over time, permitting us to test the predictive validity of conscientiousness in a prospective longitudinal design;

现在，与健康相关的行为被认为是健康不良的主要原因之一结局，例如心血管疾病，癌症和早死亡（McGinnis＆ Foege，1993）。改善健康的关键之一是确定健康的前提行为，属于个体差异的上级类别，例如人格特质和社会环境因素，例如低社会经济地位（Adler＆ Mathews，1994）。在我们上次赠款提交时，人格特征尽职尽责的诺言是自我控制，有组织的，计划的和遵循的规范尚未系统地整合到有关健康的研究中过程。在Grant R01AG21178的支持下，我们启动了一项研究计划，包括两项纵向研究，以检查尽职在健康过程中的作用。在最近五年，我们证明了认真的预测所有风险和预防健康影响身体健康和死亡率的行为。这种认真的人也预测了许多有助于积极健康结果的社会环境因素。那认真，健康行为和社会环境因素与随着时间的流逝。基于这个研究计划，很明显在确定整个生命过程中的积极健康成果方面起着重要作用，包括晚年。有了这一研究的基础，我们建议追求3个目标 R01AG21178的竞争更新：1）测试遗传多态性对尽职尽责，健康行为，社会环境因素及其关联，2）扩展纵向研究以结合尽责，健康行为的影响以及关于身体健康和死亡率的社会环境因素，以及3）继续我们纵向研究是作为赠款的一部分，成为认真，健康的相互作用随着时间的流逝，行为和社会环境因素，使我们能够测试预测有效性在前瞻性纵向设计中尽职尽责；