Longitudinal Studies of Conscientiousness and Health

责任心与健康的纵向研究

基本信息

批准号：
8032433
负责人：
BRENT W ROBERTS
金额：
$ 73万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2002-09-15 至 2014-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8032433
关键词：
Accounting Address Adult Affect Age Behavior Behavioral Candidate Disease Gene Cardiovascular Diseases Categories Cognitive Cross-Sectional Studies DRD4 gene Data Development Disease Dopamine Emotional Empirical Research Environmental Risk Factor Exercise Foundations Funding Future Genes Genetic Genetic Polymorphism Genetic screening method Goals Grant Growth Guilt Health Health behavior Impulsivity Individual Differences Interview Life Life Cycle Stages Link Longevity Longitudinal Studies Malignant Neoplasms Maps Mediating Methaqualone Modeling Outcome Participant Pathway interactions Pattern Personality Traits Play Premature Mortality Process Psychophysiology Publishing Research Research Design Role Sampling Self Efficacy Self-control as a personality trait Series Smoking Behavior Social Environment Socioeconomic Status Testing Time Work base cohort college design experience falls follow-up gene environment interaction improved longitudinal design low socioeconomic status mortality physical conditioning programs prospective psychologic research study social

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Health-related behaviors are now considered one of the primary reasons for poor health outcomes, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and premature mortality (McGinnis & Foege, 1993). One of the keys to improving health is identifying the antecedents to health behaviors, which fall into the superordinate categories of individual differences, such as personality traits, and social environmental factors, such as low socioeconomic status (Adler & Mathews, 1994). At the time of our last grant submission, the personality trait of conscientiousness-individual differences in the propensity to be self-controlled, organized, planful, and norm following-had not been systematically integrated into research on the health process. With the support of grant R01AG21178 we initiated a program of research, including two longitudinal studies, to examine the role of conscientiousness in the health process. In the last five years we have shown that conscientiousness predicts all risky and preventative health behaviors that affect physical health and mortality. That conscientiousness also predicts many of the social environmental factors that contribute to positive health outcomes. And that conscientiousness, health behaviors, and social environmental factors are reciprocally related to one another over time. Based on this program of research, it is clear that conscientiousness plays a significant role in determining positive health outcomes across the life course, including old age. With this foundation of research in place, we propose to pursue 4 aims for the current competing renewal of R01AG21178: 1) test the effect of genetic polymorphisms on conscientiousness, health behaviors, social environmental factors and their associations, 2) extend the longitudinal studies to incorporate the effect of conscientiousness, health behaviors and social environmental factors on physical health and mortality, 3) continue our longitudinal research initiated as part of the grant into the interplay of conscientiousness, health behaviors, and social environmental factors over time, permitting us to test the predictive validity of conscientiousness in a prospective longitudinal design, and 4) determine the specific social cognitive, behavioral, and emotional mechanisms that explain the relation of conscientiousness to health. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Health-related behaviors are now considered one of the primary reasons for poor health outcomes, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and premature mortality. One of the key psychological predictors of health-related behaviors is conscientiousness (the propensity to be self-controlled, organized, planful, and norm following). The proposed research will investigate the mechanisms that explain why conscientiousness affects poor health by examining the interplay of conscientiousness with social environmental factors, such as socioeconomic status, on health-related behaviors, physical health, and longevity. We will also investigate the genetic and environmental antecedents to conscientiousness.

描述（由申请人提供）：与健康相关的行为现在被认为是健康结果不良的主要原因之一，例如心血管疾病，癌症和早死亡率（McGinnis＆Foege，1993）。改善健康的关键之一是确定健康行为的先例，这些行为属于个体差异的上级类别，例如人格特征和社会环境因素，例如低社会经济地位（Adler＆Mathews，1994）。在我们上次赠款提交时，在自我控制，有组织的，有组织的，计划的和规范的倾向上，努力差异的人格特征并未系统地整合到健康过程的研究中。在Grant R01AG21178的支持下，我们启动了一项研究计划，包括两项纵向研究，以研究认真性在健康过程中的作用。在过去的五年中，我们已经表明，尽职尽责，可以预测影响身体健康和死亡率的所有风险和预防性健康行为。这种认真的人还预测了许多有助于积极健康结果的社会环境因素。随着时间的流逝，这种认真的性，健康行为和社会环境因素彼此之间相互关联。基于这项研究计划，很明显，尽职在确定整个生命过程中的积极健康成果（包括老年）中起着重要作用。凭借这一研究的基础，我们建议追求4个目标，以实现R01AG21178的当前竞争更新：1）测试遗传多态性对认真性，健康行为，社会环境因素及其关联的影响，2）延长纵向研究，以延长纵向研究，以延长健康环境，健康环境的影响，健康环境的影响，健康环境的影响，体系的影响力，健康环境的效果，并延伸了社会的影响，并扩展了社会的影响。随着时间的推移，作为授予的一部分，成为尽职尽责，健康行为和社会环境因素的相互作用，使我们能够在预期的纵向设计中测试尽责性的预测有效性，4）确定特定的社会认知，行为和情感机制，这些机制解释了认识性与健康的关系。公共卫生相关性：与健康相关的行为现在被认为是健康结果不良的主要原因之一，例如心血管疾病，癌症和早死亡。与健康相关行为的关键心理预测指标之一是尽职尽责（自我控制，有组织，计划和规范的倾向）。拟议的研究将调查通过检查与社会环境因素（例如社会经济状况，与健康相关的行为，身体健康和寿命）相互作用来解释为什么尽职化会影响健康状况不佳的机制。我们还将调查尽职尽责的遗传和环境先例。