Novel Methods to Study Substance Use in College Students

研究大学生药物使用的新方法

基本信息

批准号：
7364908
负责人：
JONATHAN M COVAULT
金额：
$ 29.65万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT SCH OF MED/DNT
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-09-30 至 2011-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7364908
关键词：
Accounting Adolescent Affect Affective African American Alcohol or Other Drugs use Alcohols Alleles Behavior Behavioral Behavioral Genetics Biological Biological Markers Candidate Disease Gene Caucasians Caucasoid Race Class Collaborations Collection DNA Daily Data Dependence Disease susceptibility Distant Drug Use Disorder Drug usage Early identification Endocrine Environment Environmental Exposure Event Expectancy Exposure to Family Genes Genetic Genetic Markers Genetic Polymorphism Genetic Predisposition to Disease Genetic Variation Genotype Goals HTR3A gene Hydrocortisone Individual Intake Interdisciplinary Study Internet Knowledge Learning Life Life Stress Measures Mediating Methaqualone Methodology Methods Minority Moods NR3C2 gene Neurosecretory Systems Numbers Outcome Pattern Persons Phenotype Population Prevention Public Health Relative (related person)Reporting Research Research Personnel Risk Risk Factors Role Saliva Salivary Sampling Social Behavior Source Stress Students Surveys System TDO2 gene Technology Testing Tryptophanase Universities Variant Work addiction base biological adaptation to stress college coping day drinking driving under influence genetic risk factor genetic variant hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis improved innovation interest neurotransmission novel psychologic psychosocial racial difference response social social cognitive theory stressor university student

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Stress- and negative-affect related drinking and drug use (SNAD) is an especially important maladaptive substance use (SU) pattern that results in negative outcomes (e.g. increased academic and interpersonal problems, driving under the influence of alcohol, delinquent activity, and getting involved in regrettable sexual situations) in adolescents and college students. Given the public health risk associated with these outcomes, this project seeks to engage an interdisciplinary team to identify the factors that promote SNAD in college students. Emergent research suggests that two classes of factors - social learning factors and genetic variation in stress and affective reactivity - represent important risks for engagement in SNAD. The goal of the proposed research is to develop and refine interdisciplinary methodologies to examine the interaction of variation in select candidate genes with mood, psychological expectancies, and life stress to enhance our understanding of college students' SNAD. We will simultaneously examine the roles of social learning and genetic vulnerabilities for engaging in drinking or drug use in response to stress- and affect-related triggers in a sample of 700 college students. In view of the relative paucity of research of this kind in minority populations, we will conduct this study at a college campus with a predominantly African American (AA) student body. This project will unite two previously isolated lines of research on SU behavior, social learning and genetics, in order to investigate SNAD at two levels of analysis: the between-person (MACRO) level, i.e., how social learning factors and genes interact with major life stressors to influence average SU, and the within-person (MICRO) level, i.e., how social learning factors and genes interact with daily stressors to influence SU on a day-to-day basis. This study will involve collaborative efforts by an inter-disciplinary team of investigators who conduct research on the psychosocial, genetic, and endocrine bases of behavior related to substance use and dependence. This project is an outgrowth and extension of recently initiated collaborations of the two PIs over the past 2 years and applies the use of robust month-long daily data capture methodologies and DNA collection/genotyping. We will augment these measures with a salivary cortisol measure of hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity as a biological measure of inter-individual responses to stress. Understanding the contributions of social learning and genetic risk factors to SNAD at both macro and micro levels is important, as it will inform prevention efforts by potentially allowing early identification of individuals at greatest risk for problem SU, including alcohol and drug use disorders. Results may also make it possible to match specific treatments to individuals' vulnerabilities. Alcohol and drug use among college students is an important public health issue. Emerging research suggests that social learning factors interacting with individual genetic variation and with life stress influence the risk of maladaptive substance use behavior. This proposal seeks to develop robust and novel methodologies to use internet-based technologies to capture daily data about college student life events and behavior related to substance use, and to integrate this information with emerging knowledge about natural variation in genes related to stress reactivity.

描述（由申请人提供）：与压力和负面影响相关的饮酒和吸毒 (SNAD) 是一种特别重要的适应不良物质使用 (SU) 模式，会导致负面结果（例如，学业和人际关系问题增加、在酒精影响下驾驶）青少年和大学生中的酗酒、犯罪行为以及参与令人遗憾的性行为）。考虑到与这些结果相关的公共卫生风险，该项目寻求聘请跨学科团队来确定促进大学生 SNAD 的因素。新兴研究表明，两类因素——社会学习因素以及压力和情感反应的遗传变异——代表了参与 SNAD 的重要风险。本研究的目标是开发和完善跨学科方法，以检查选定候选基因的变异与情绪、心理预期和生活压力之间的相互作用，以增强我们对大学生 SNAD 的理解。我们将以 700 名大学生为样本，同时研究社会学习和遗传脆弱性在应对压力和情感相关触发因素时饮酒或吸毒的作用。鉴于少数族裔群体中此类研究相对较少，我们将在以非裔美国人 (AA) 学生为主的大学校园进行这项研究。该项目将结合两个先前孤立的关于 SU 行为、社会学习和遗传学的研究，以便在两个分析层面上研究 SNAD：人与人之间（宏观）层面，即社会学习因素和基因如何与主要因素相互作用。影响平均 SU 的生活压力因素，以及人内 (MICRO) 水平，即社会学习因素和基因如何与日常压力因素相互作用，从而影响日常的 SU。这项研究将涉及一个跨学科研究小组的合作，他们对与物质使用和依赖相关的行为的社会心理、遗传和内分泌基础进行研究。该项目是两个 PI 在过去两年中最近发起的合作的产物和延伸，并应用了强大的长达一个月的每日数据捕获方法和 DNA 收集/基因分型。我们将通过测量下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴活动的唾液皮质醇测量来增强这些测量，作为个体间对压力反应的生物学测量。了解社会学习和遗传风险因素对宏观和微观层面上的 SNAD 的贡献非常重要，因为它可以通过潜在地允许及早识别最有可能出现 SU 问题（包括酗酒和吸毒障碍）的个体来为预防工作提供信息。结果还可能使根据个人的弱点匹配特定的治疗方法成为可能。大学生酗酒和吸毒是一个重要的公共卫生问题。新兴研究表明，社会学习因素与个体遗传变异和生活压力相互作用，会影响适应不良的物质使用行为的风险。该提案旨在开发强大而新颖的方法，以使用基于互联网的技术来捕获有关大学生生活事件和与药物使用相关的行为的日常数据，并将这些信息与有关与压力反应性相关的基因自然变异的新兴知识相结合。