Novel Methods to Study Substance Use in College Students

研究大学生药物使用的新方法

• 批准号: 7504039
• 负责人: JONATHAN M COVAULT
• 金额: $ 28.05万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT SCH OF MED/DNT
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-30 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7504039
• 关键词: Accounting; Adolescent; Affect; Affective; African American; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Alleles; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Genetics; Biological; Biological Markers; Candidate Disease Gene; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Class; Collaborations; Collection; DNA; Daily; Data; Dependence; Disease susceptibility; Distant; Drug Use Disorder; Drug usage; Early identification; Endocrine; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Event; Expectancy; Exposure to; Family; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Markers; Genetic Polymorphism; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetic Variation; Genotype; Goals; HTR3A gene; Hydrocortisone; Individual; Intake; Interdisciplinary Study; Internet; Knowledge; Learning; Life; Life Stress; Measures; Mediating; Methaqualone; Methodology; Methods; Minority; Moods; NR3C2 gene; Neurosecretory Systems; Numbers; Outcome; Pattern; Persons; Phenotype; Population; Prevention; Public Health; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Saliva; Salivary; Sampling; Social Behavior; Source; Stress; Students; Surveys; System; TDO2 gene; Technology; Testing; Tryptophanase; Universities; Variant; Work; addiction; base; biological adaptation to stress; college; coping; day; drinking; driving under influence; genetic risk factor; genetic variant; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; improved; innovation; interest; neurotransmission; novel; psychologic; psychosocial; racial difference; response; social; social cognitive theory; stressor; university student; Accounting; Adolescent; Affect; Affective; African American; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Alleles; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Genetics; Biological; Biological Markers; Candidate Disease Gene; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Class; Collaborations; Collection; DNA; Daily; Data; Dependence; Disease susceptibility; Distant; Drug Use Disorder; Drug usage; Early identification; Endocrine; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Event; Expectancy; Exposure to; Family; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Markers; Genetic Polymorphism; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetic Variation; Genotype; Goals; HTR3A gene; Hydrocortisone; Individual; Intake; Interdisciplinary Study; Internet; Knowledge; Learning; Life; Life Stress; Measures; Mediating; Methaqualone; Methodology; Methods; Minority; Moods; NR3C2 gene; Neurosecretory Systems; Numbers; Outcome; Pattern; Persons; Phenotype; Population; Prevention; Public Health; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Saliva; Salivary; Sampling; Social Behavior; Source; Stress; Students; Surveys; System; TDO2 gene; Technology; Testing; Tryptophanase; Universities; Variant; Work; addiction; base; biological adaptation to stress; college; coping; day; drinking; driving under influence; genetic risk factor; genetic variant; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; improved; innovation; interest; neurotransmission; novel; psychologic; psychosocial; racial difference; response; social; social cognitive theory; stressor; university student

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Stress- and negative-affect related drinking and drug use (SNAD) is an especially important maladaptive substance use (SU) pattern that results in negative outcomes (e.g. increased academic and interpersonal problems, driving under the influence of alcohol, delinquent activity, and getting involved in regrettable sexual situations) in adolescents and college students. Given the public health risk associated with these outcomes, this project seeks to engage an interdisciplinary team to identify the factors that promote SNAD in college students. Emergent research suggests that two classes of factors - social learning factors and genetic variation in stress and affective reactivity - represent important risks for engagement in SNAD. The goal of the proposed research is to develop and refine interdisciplinary methodologies to examine the interaction of variation in select candidate genes with mood, psychological expectancies, and life stress to enhance our understanding of college students' SNAD. We will simultaneously examine the roles of social learning and genetic vulnerabilities for engaging in drinking or drug use in response to stress- and affect-related triggers in a sample of 700 college students. In view of the relative paucity of research of this kind in minority populations, we will conduct this study at a college campus with a predominantly African American (AA) student body. This project will unite two previously isolated lines of research on SU behavior, social learning and genetics, in order to investigate SNAD at two levels of analysis: the between-person (MACRO) level, i.e., how social learning factors and genes interact with major life stressors to influence average SU, and the within-person (MICRO) level, i.e., how social learning factors and genes interact with daily stressors to influence SU on a day-to-day basis. This study will involve collaborative efforts by an inter-disciplinary team of investigators who conduct research on the psychosocial, genetic, and endocrine bases of behavior related to substance use and dependence. This project is an outgrowth and extension of recently initiated collaborations of the two PIs over the past 2 years and applies the use of robust month-long daily data capture methodologies and DNA collection/genotyping. We will augment these measures with a salivary cortisol measure of hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity as a biological measure of inter-individual responses to stress. Understanding the contributions of social learning and genetic risk factors to SNAD at both macro and micro levels is important, as it will inform prevention efforts by potentially allowing early identification of individuals at greatest risk for problem SU, including alcohol and drug use disorders. Results may also make it possible to match specific treatments to individuals' vulnerabilities. Alcohol and drug use among college students is an important public health issue. Emerging research suggests that social learning factors interacting with individual genetic variation and with life stress influence the risk of maladaptive substance use behavior. This proposal seeks to develop robust and novel methodologies to use internet-based technologies to capture daily data about college student life events and behavior related to substance use, and to integrate this information with emerging knowledge about natural variation in genes related to stress reactivity.

描述（由申请人提供）：应力和负面影响相关的饮酒和药物使用（SNAD）是一种特别重要的适应不良药物的使用（SU）模式，导致负面结果（例如，在人类和大学生中驾驶的毒品，杂物活动的影响，促进了人性化的活动，促进了人性化的学术和人际交往问题，并参与了忧郁症的学生和大学生中）。鉴于与这些结果相关的公共卫生风险，该项目试图与跨学科的团队互动，以确定促进大学生中的SNAD的因素。新兴的研究表明，两类因素 - 社会学习因素和压力和情感反应性的遗传变异 - 代表了参与SNAD的重要风险。拟议的研究的目的是开发和完善跨学科方法论，以检查精选候选基因的变异与情绪，心理期望和生活压力的相互作用，以增强我们对大学生的理解的理解。我们将同时研究社会学习和遗传脆弱性在700名大学生样本中与压力和情感相关的触发器进行饮酒或吸毒的作用。鉴于这种研究在少数群体中的相对匮乏，我们将在一个大学校园内进行这项研究，主要是非裔美国人（AA）学生团体。该项目将团结两个先前孤立的有关SU行为，社会学习和遗传学的研究线，以便在两个分析级别上调查SNAD：人之间（宏）级别（即社会学习因素和基因与主要生活压力群体相互作用）如何影响平均SU，以及与日常压力相互作用的人数和基因与日常依次相互作用，从而影响了平均水平（Micro）水平，以实现日常依恋。这项研究将涉及一个研究人员跨学科团队的合作努力，他们对与物质使用和依赖性有关的行为的心理社会，遗传和内分泌基础进行了研究。该项目是过去两年中两个PI的最近启动的合作的产物和扩展，并应用了坚固的一个月每日数据捕获方法和DNA收集/基因分型的使用。我们将通过下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺（HPA）轴活动的唾液皮质醇度量来增强这些措施，以此作为对压力的个体间反应的生物学量度。了解社会学习和遗传危险因素对宏观和微观水平上的SNAD的贡献很重要，因为它将通过潜在地允许对问题SU的最大风险（包括酒精和药物使用障碍）的最大风险识别来为预防工作提供依据。结果还可能使特定治疗方法与个人的脆弱性相匹配。大学生的饮酒和吸毒是一个重要的公共卫生问题。新兴的研究表明，社会学习因素与个人遗传变异相互作用以及与生活压力相互作用会影响适应不良药物使用行为的风险。该提案旨在开发强大而新颖的方法，以使用基于互联网的技术来捕获有关与物质使用相关的大学生生活事件和行为的每日数据，并将这些信息与有关与压力反应性相关的基因自然变异的新兴知识整合在一起。