EFFECTS OF PRENATAL COCAINE USE: 15-YEAR FOLLOW-UP

产前使用可卡因的影响：15 年随访

基本信息

批准号：
7254771
负责人：
GALE A. RICHARDSON
金额：
$ 46.81万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1995-09-30 至 2009-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7254771
关键词：
15 year old Achievement Adolescent Affect Age Age-Years Alcohol consumption Alcohol or Other Drugs use Alcohols Attention Behavior Behavioral Birth Characteristics Child Cocaine Cognitive Cohort Studies Crack Cocaine Data Development Disease Dose Drug usage Elements Enrollment Environment Evaluation Exhibits Exposure to Fetal Cocaine Exposure First Pregnancy Trimester Growth Head circumference Home environment Illicit Drugs Infant Interview Length Light Long-Term Effects Marijuana Measurement Measures Mental Tests Moods Mothers Motor Neuraxis Neurologic Outcome Parents Pattern Performance Pharmaceutical Preparations Phase Pliability Population Postpartum Period Pregnancy Pregnancy Trimesters Problem Solving Problem behavior Psyche structure Public Health Rate Reporting Research Personnel Risk Factors Short-Term Memory Sleep Stress Temperament Testing Time Tobacco Weight Weight Gain Woman adolescent substance use alcohol and other drug cohort depressive symptoms design disturbance in affect follow-up high school instrument light effects neurobehavioral neuropsychological prenatal prenatal exposure psychologic research study social treatment program visual memory

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator): This is a revision of "Effects of Prenatal Cocaine Use: 15-Year Follow-Up" (R01 DA08916-A1). Long-term effects of cocaine exposure during pregnancy and effects of cocaine use on the child's environment are major public health concerns. However, very little information exists regarding these effects. This is an application to define the long-term effects of prenatal cocaine exposure with a large, well-established cohort of substance-using women and their offspring. In this unique study of prenatal cocaine use, women were enrolled early in pregnancy, trimester-specific information was collected, and the children have been assessed at regular intervals through age 10. We have exceptional followup rates, detailed assessment of all substance use in the prenatal and postpartum periods, careful measurement of other characteristics, particularly environmental variables, and a comprehensive child assessment battery. We have demonstrated that prenatal cocaine exposure has consistent effects on the development of the CNS. At birth, we found neurological and neurobehavioral effects. At 1 and 3 years of age, children exposed to cocaine were fussier and more difficult. There was also a significant interaction between age and prenatal exposure, showing a significant increase in difficult temperament between 1 and 3 years among the cocaine-exposed children. At 3 years, prenatal cocaine use significantly predicted poorer short-term memory and increased behavior problems. At age 7, prenatal cocaine use predicted increased attention and behavior problems. At 10 years, prenatal cocaine exposure predicted poorer neuropsychological performance, increased behavior and attention problems, and increased symptoms of depression. Thus, through the age of 10 years, children exposed to cocaine show increased behavior and attention problems, changes in temperament and mood, and cognitive and neuropsychological deficits. There were also significant effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on growth at each phase. This is an application to assess the cohort at 15 years of age. This is an important developmental period as it is the early years of high school, a time of change and stress, and of introduction into the social and substance-using world of older adolescents. It is also an important time for physical and CNS maturation. The conjunction of these elements may be particularly critical for the prenatally exposed adolescents who by age 10 were already showing neuropsychologicel deficits, behavior and attention problems, and mood disturbances. Our hypotheses are: (1) at age 15, the effects of prenatal cocaine exposure will continue to be manifested as deficits in growth, problem-solving and mental flexibility, behavior and attention problems, and mood; and (2) antecedent risk factors, such as a poor home environment, parental substance use, conduct disorder, and the effects of prenatal substance use, will predict drug and alcohol use among the 15 year olds.

描述（由研究者提供）：这是“产前可卡因使用的影响：15 年随访”(R01 DA08916-A1) 的修订版。怀孕期间接触可卡因的长期影响以及使用可卡因对儿童环境的影响是主要的公共卫生问题。然而，关于这些影响的信息很少。该应用程序旨在确定产前接触可卡因对大量已确定的物质使用妇女及其后代的长期影响。在这项关于产前可卡因使用的独特研究中，妇女在怀孕早期就被纳入其中，收集了妊娠期的具体信息，并定期对儿童进行评估，直至 10 岁。我们拥有出色的随访率，对产前所有物质使用情况进行了详细评估。产前和产后时期，仔细测量其他特征，特别是环境变量，以及全面的儿童评估电池。我们已经证明，产前接触可卡因对中枢神经系统的发育具有持续的影响。出生时，我们发现了神经和神经行为的影响。在 1 岁和 3 岁时，接触可卡因的儿童变得更加烦躁和困难。年龄和产前接触之间也存在显着的交互作用，显示接触可卡因的儿童在 1 至 3 岁时困难气质显着增加。 3岁时，产前使用可卡因可显着预测短期记忆较差和行为问题增加。 7岁时，产前使用可卡因预示着注意力和行为问题会增加。 10岁时，产前接触可卡因预示着神经心理学表现较差、行为和注意力问题增加以及抑郁症状增加。因此，到 10 岁时，接触可卡因的儿童表现出更多的行为和注意力问题、气质和情绪的变化以及认知和神经心理缺陷。产前接触可卡因对每个阶段的生长也有显着影响。这是一个评估 15 岁群体的应用程序。这是一个重要的发展时期，因为这是高中的最初几年，是一个充满变化和压力的时期，也是年龄较大青少年进入社会和物质使用世界的时期。这也是身体和中枢神经系统成熟的重要时期。这些因素的结合对于那些在 10 岁时就已经表现出神经心理缺陷、行为和注意力问题以及情绪障碍的产前暴露青少年来说可能尤其重要。我们的假设是：（1）在15岁时，产前接触可卡因的影响将继续表现为生长、解决问题和心理灵活性、行为和注意力问题以及情绪方面的缺陷； (2)先行风险因素，例如不良的家庭环境、父母吸毒、品行障碍以及产前吸毒的影响，将预测 15 岁青少年吸毒和酗酒的情况。