An ERP Study of Number Processing and Error Detection in FAS and ADHD

FAS 和 ADHD 数字处理和错误检测的 ERP 研究

• 批准号: 8887277
• 负责人: ANDREA BERGER
• 金额: $ 17.66万
• 依托单位: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-10 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8887277
• 关键词: 10 year old; 15 year old; Adolescent; Affect; Alcohols; Anterior; Area; Arithmetic; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Symptoms; Brain; Child; Cognition; Cognitive deficits; Data; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Differential Diagnosis; Disease; Etiology; Event-Related Potentials; Fetal Alcohol Exposure; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder; Fetal Alcohol Syndrome; Functional disorder; Health; Hyperactive behavior; Impairment; Incidence; Inferior; Laboratories; Lead; Mathematics; Mediating; Monitor; Neurocognitive; Parents; Parietal; Pattern; Performance; Pharmacologic Substance; Pregnancy; Process; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Site; South Africa; Specificity; System; Universities; abstracting; achievement test; alcohol consumption during pregnancy; alcohol exposure; base; brain volume; cingulate cortex; cognitive control; cohort; computerized; cost effective; design; executive function; fetal; gray matter; improved; innovation; mathematical ability; mathematical theory; neurobehavioral; neuroimaging; novel; prospective; relating to nervous system; response; selective attention; teacher; tool; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Research on fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been hampered by a lack of specificity in behavioral diagnostic criteria and limited understanding of the neural substrates that mediate the observed cognitive deficits. Phenotypically similar deficits seen in these disorders are difficult to distinguish despite different etiologies. Neurobehavioral data from PI Jacobson's laboratory suggest that fetal alcohol-related impairment in arithmetic is mediated by a deficit in the core quantity system involving the ability to mentally represent and manipulate number (numerosity), whereas in ADHD, poor arithmetic appears to be mediated by impaired executive function. PI Berger has developed innovative paradigms using event-related potentials (ERP) to examine the neural bases of arithmetic and attention, which make it possible to identify discrete components underlying number processing, including magnitude representation, error detection, selective attention, and response inhibition. We propose to conduct the first ERP study to compare number processing in children with and without FASD and/or ADHD to advance understanding of the neural substrates that are compromised in each of these disorders, thereby potentially improving differential diagnosis. 100 young adolescents (12.5- 15 years of age) from a well-characterized, prospective longitudinal cohort will be selected from four groups: FASD only; ADHD only; FASD + ADHD; non-exposed, unaffected controls. The aims of the study are (1) to characterize the deficits in neurocognitive processes that underlie number processing in FASD and ADHD, using a standardized mathematics achievement test and a culture-free battery based on contemporary theories of mathematical cognition; (2) to administer three ERP paradigms to examine which numerical and control processes of number processing are affected in each of these disorders-non-symbolic representation of quantity (numerosity), executive monitoring of arithmetic errors, selective attention, response inhibition/cognitive control; (3) to examine the degree to which latency and amplitude of the principal ERP waveforms that appear to be altered in FASD or ADHD are related to performance on the behavioral mathematics assessments. Exploratory analyses will also be conducted to determine the degree to which effects seen on the ERP components are specific to each of these disorders or attributable to deficits in overall intellectual and/or executive function and the degree to which total brain, gray or white matter volume, or volumes of the anterior cingulate cortex or the superior and inferior parietal region may mediate the observed effects. The proposed study will be conducted in Cape Town, South Africa, a highly cost-effective venue for this study, given the unusually large number of children with FAS available at a single site and the availability of a 128- channel Electrical Geodesics, Inc., system to acquire the ERP data.

描述（由申请人提供）：由于行为诊断标准缺乏特异性以及对介导观察到的认知缺陷的神经基质了解有限，对胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）和注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的研究受到阻碍。尽管病因不同，但在这些疾病中观察到的表型相似的缺陷很难区分。 PI Jacobson 实验室的神经行为数据表明，胎儿酒精相关的算术障碍是由核心数量系统缺陷介导的，涉及心理表征和操纵数字（数字）的能力，而在 ADHD 中，算术不佳似乎是由核心数量系统缺陷介导的。执行职能。 PI Berger 开发了使用事件相关电位 (ERP) 来检查算术和注意力的神经基础的创新范例，这使得识别数字处理背后的离散组件成为可能，包括幅度表示、错误检测、选择性注意和反应抑制。我们建议进行第一项 ERP 研究，比较患有和不患有 FASD 和/或多动症的儿童的数字处理，以增进对每种疾病中受损的神经基质的了解，从而有可能改善鉴别诊断。将从四个组中选出 100 名具有良好特征的前瞻性纵向队列的青少年（12.5-15 岁）：仅 FASD；仅多动症；胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）+多动症（ADHD）；不暴露、不受影响的控制。该研究的目的是（1）使用基于当代数学认知理论的标准化数学成绩测试和无文化电池来描述 FASD 和 ADHD 中数字处理基础的神经认知过程的缺陷； (2) 管理三种 ERP 范式，以检查每种疾病中哪些数字处理和数字处理控制过程受到影响 - 数量（数量）的非符号表示、算术错误的执行监控、选择性注意、反应抑制/认知控制; (3) 检查 FASD 或 ADHD 中出现改变的主要 ERP 波形的潜伏期和振幅与行为数学评估表现的相关程度。还将进行探索性分析，以确定对 ERP 成分的影响在多大程度上是针对每种疾病的，或者是归因于整体智力和/或执行功能的缺陷，以及总脑、灰质或白质体积的程度。 ，或前扣带皮层或上顶叶和下顶叶区域的体积可能介导观察到的效果。拟议的研究将在南非开普敦进行，考虑到单个地点患有 FAS 的儿童数量异常多，并且拥有 128 通道 Electrical Geodesics, Inc.，该研究地点是一个极具成本效益的地点。 ，系统获取ERP数据。