Spatiotemporal Brain Imaging: Microscopic & System Level

时空脑成像：显微镜

• 批准号: 7108666
• 负责人: ANDERS M DALE
• 金额: $ 219.08万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-05 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7108666
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; bioengineering /biomedical engineering; biomedical equipment development; biophysics; brain electrical activity; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; confocal scanning microscopy; image enhancement; image processing; laboratory rat; magnetic resonance imaging; migraine; neural inhibition; noninvasive diagnosis; optical tomography; somesthetic sensory cortex; spreading cortical depression; stroke; temporal lobe /cortex; vibrissae; visual cortex

Description (provided by application): The last decade has brought revolutionary new techniques allowing visualization of the working brain in humans at the systems level. However, a large gap remains between the spatiotemporal resolution of tomographic techniques (fMRI, PET), and the circuit level where animal studies permit mechanistic neural models. It is the overall goal of this proposal to develop an integrated suite of technologies to bridge this critical gap. Two interrelated themes are found throughout this proposal: (1) to improve the spatial and temporal resolution of non-invasive technologies, which will enable direct imaging of discrete (e g column and laminar level) neural units which bridge the systems and cellular levels and (2) to clarify the mechanisms which relate the biophysics of neuronal activity "observables" in our imaging measurements. The two key technologies to be investigated are: (1) extremely high resolution MRI and fMRI, using very high strength gradients, phased-array coils, and other advances at 3T and 7T non-human primates, and 9.4T rats and (2) tomographic optical imaging, increasing the resolution and physiological range using three different optical technologies: direct reflectance imaging, optical scanning microscopy, and diffuse optical tomography. These technologies will be validated against invasive "gold standard" techniques in studies of rat whisker barrel cortex and macaque visual cortex, and further applied to animal models spreading depression in migraine and stroke. Each of these experiments is designed to allow us to serially step from more to less invasive, and move from systems where much is already known through to studies in humans that have not heretofore been explored within the spatiotemporal domains our newly developed tools will afford.

描述（由应用程序提供）：过去十年带来了 革命性的新技术可以使工作中的大脑可视化 人类在系统层面。但两者之间仍存在较大差距 断层扫描技术（fMRI、PET）的时空分辨率，以及 动物研究允许机械神经模型的电路水平。它是 该提案的总体目标是开发一套集成技术 弥合这一关键差距。在整个过程中发现了两个相互关联的主题 建议：（1）提高非侵入性的时空分辨率 技术，这将使离散的直接成像（例如柱和 层流水平）连接系统和细胞水平的神经单元和 (2)阐明神经元活动的生物物理学相关机制 我们的成像测量中的“可观测值”。两项关键技术 研究的内容有：（1）极高分辨率 MRI 和 fMRI，使用非常高的 强度梯度、相控阵线圈以及 3T 和 7T 的其他进展 非人类灵长类动物和 9.4T 大鼠和 (2) 断层光学成像， 使用三种不同的光学提高分辨率和生理范围 技术：直接反射成像、光学扫描显微镜，以及 漫射光学断层扫描。这些技术将得到验证 大鼠须桶皮层研究中的侵入性“金标准”技术 猕猴视觉皮层，并进一步应用于动物模型传播 偏头痛和中风引起的抑郁症。这些实验中的每一个都是为了 让我们能够从更多侵入性逐步转向更少侵入性，并从系统中转移 通过对人类的研究已经知道了很多东西 迄今为止，我们新开发的时空域已被探索过 工具负担得起。