Development, Positive Affect, and Adolescent Depression

发展、积极情绪和青少年抑郁症

• 批准号: 7096917
• 负责人: Erika E Forbes
• 金额: $ 14.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-03-03 至 2011-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7096917
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); amygdala; attitude; behavioral /social science research tag; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain mapping; child psychology; clinical research; developmental psychology; disease /disorder onset; emotions; frontal lobe /cortex; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; major depression; motivation; neural information processing; neuroimaging; psychological tests; reinforcer

DESCRIPTION (provided by candidate): The educational aim of the proposed Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (MRSDA) is to train the candidate in adolescent developmental psychopathology and affective neuroscience relevant to understanding key aspects of adolescent depression. Decreased positive affect appears to be an important but little-studied component of adolescent depression. From an affective neuroscience perspective, it is valuable to examine positive affect through measures of reward processing. To accomplish the educational aim of the proposed MRSDA, the candidate will (1) learn from expert mentors and consultants on adolescent development, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), neuroimaging data analysis, and longitudinal data analysis; (2) complete coursework in adolescent development, affective neuroscience, statistics, and research ethics; (3) attend methodology workshops on fMRI, neuroimaging data analysis, and longitudinal data analysis; and (4) conduct a study of neural and subjective components of positive affect in adolescent depression. The proposed study has three specific aims. Aim 1 focuses on the hypothesis that adolescent depression is associated with low activation (as revealed by blood oxygen level-dependent signal intensities) in reward-related brain areas (including the ventral striatum, dorsal striatum, orbitofrontal cortex, and amygdala) in response to rewarding events. Aim 2 focuses on the hypothesis that adolescent depression is associated with low subjective experience of positive affect in natural settings, as measured by ecological momentary assessment. Aim 3 focuses on the hypothesis that brain reward activation in depressed adolescents in the fMRI study is related to the seeking and experience of positive affect in natural settings. Consistent with the priorities of the National Institute of Mental Health, the proposed MRSDA will foster a new course of study on the affective neuroscience of early-onset affective disorders by focusing on development and applying a translational approach with basic neuroscience techniques to clinical questions. Adolescent depression is a common, chronic disorder that leads to death (suicide), disability, and suffering. Advancing knowledge of the underlying emotional processes and real-life experiences in adolescent depression represents a crucial step in developing early intervention and prevention strategies. The ultimate goal is to decrease rates of a disorder that devastates the lives of so many adolescents and their families.

描述（由候选人提供）：拟议的指导研究科学家发展奖（MRSDA）的教育目的是培训青少年发展心理病理学和情感神经科学与了解青少年抑郁症的关键方面有关的候选人。积极影响下降似乎是青少年抑郁症的重要但鲜明的组成部分。从情感神经科学的角度来看，通过奖励处理的衡量积极影响是有价值的。为了实现拟议的MRSDA的教育目标，候选人将（1）向专家导师和顾问学习青少年发展，功能磁共振成像（fMRI），神经成像数据分析和纵向数据分析； （2）青少年发展，情感神经科学，统计和研究伦理的完整课程； （3）参加有关fMRI，神经影像学数据分析和纵向数据分析的方法论研讨会； （4）对青少年抑郁症的神经和主观成分进行研究。拟议的研究具有三个具体目标。 AIM 1的重点是以下假设：青少年抑郁症与奖励相关的大脑区域（包括腹侧纹状体，背纹状体，轨道额叶皮层和杏仁核）中的低激活（如血氧水平依赖性信号强度揭示）有关。 AIM 2的重点是以下假设：通过生态时刻评估来衡量，青少年抑郁症与自然环境中积极影响的低主观经验有关。 AIM 3的重点是以下假设：fMRI研究中抑郁症的青少年中的大脑奖励激活与自然环境中积极影响的寻求和经验有关。与国家心理健康研究所的优先事项一致，拟议的MRSDA将通过专注于开发和应用基本神经科学技术的转化方法来培养有关早期发作情感障碍情感神经科学的新课程。青春期抑郁症是一种常见的慢性疾病，导致死亡（自杀），残疾和痛苦。促进对青少年抑郁症中潜在的情感过程和现实生活经历的知识是制定早期干预和预防策略的关键步骤。最终目标是降低破坏许多青少年及其家人生活的疾病率。