Pathways for ITD and AM Processing

ITD 和 AM 加工途径

• 批准号: 7262142
• 负责人: WILLIAM C LOFTUS
• 金额: $ 7.4万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT SCH OF MED/DNT
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-07-01 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7262142
• 关键词: Address; Anterior; Area; Auditory; Auditory area; Auricular prosthesis; Code; Cues; Dorsal; Felis catus; Frequencies; Goals; Implant; Label; Location; Measures; Neurons; Oryctolagus cuniculus; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Physiological; Platelet Activating Factor; Population; Process; Research; Role; Signal Transduction; Site; Stimulus; System; Testing; Time; Tracer; acetylaminofluorene; auditory pathway; base; design; doxorubicin/fluorouracil/melphalan protocol; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sound

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is compelling evidence that different regions of the auditory cortex are specialized for processing 'what' a sound is and 'where' in space it is coming from. The long term goal of this project is to understand the neural and anatomical basis for this specialization. Aim 1 addresses the neural basis for specialization. The manner in which specialization for sound pattern and sound location arises from single unit activity is unknown. This question will be investigated from the vantage point of two cues for sound pattern and location -- amplitude modulation (AM) and interaural time differences (ITDs), respectively. We will record single unit responses to AM and ITD in three areas of auditory cortex in unanaesthetized rabbits: the primary auditory cortex (A1), the dorsal anterior area (DA), and the ventral area (V). For each neuron, we will: i) determine whether it is ITD- sensitive, or AM-sensitive, or both ii) measure the 'quality' with which it encodes ITD or AM, and iii) measure the 'invariance' with which it encodes ITD when AM is varied, and vice versa. In this way, Aim 1 will determine whether ITD and AM sensitivity are represented preferentially in areas V and DA of the rabbit auditory cortex, respectively. Aim 2 addresses the anatomical basis for specialization. Nonprimary auditory areas receive many intracortical connections from A1, yet they are more specialized than A1. We hypothesize that this specialization is engendered by separate sets of connections from within A1 to each of the nonprimary areas. We will investigate this by placing different anatomical tracers at frequency matched sites of the nonprimary auditory cortical areas, DA and V, of rabbits. The distribution of labeled material within A1 will be analyzed and, in this way, Aim 2 will determine whether connections between A1 and DA ore organized differently than the connections between A1 and V. The two main tasks of the auditory cortex are to determine 'what' a sound is and 'where' it is coming from. This project will determine how neurons in different areas of the auditory cortex respond to 'what' and 'where' signals and how their connections enable them to do this. This information will be essential for designing hearing prosthetic systems that are implanted in the cortex.

描述（由申请人提供）：有令人信服的证据表明，听觉皮层的不同区域专门处理“声音是什么”和“'a声音”和“何处”。该项目的长期目标是了解这种专业化的神经和解剖基础。 AIM 1解决了专业化的神经基础。声音模式和声音位置的专业化是由单个单位活动引起的，尚不清楚。这个问题将从两个提示的有利位置进行调查，以分别用于声音模式和位置​​ - 幅度调制（AM）和室内时间差（ITD）。我们将记录单位对AM和ITD的单位响应，并在Unanaesthetized兔子的三个听觉皮层区域：主要的听觉皮层（A1），背前区域（DA）和腹侧区域（V）。对于每个神经元，我们将：i）确定它是敏感的还是对AM敏感的，或两者都ii）测量其编码ITD或AM的“质量”，以及III）测量当AM变化时它编码ITD的“不变性”，反之亦然。这样，AIM 1将确定ITD和AM敏感性是否分别在兔听觉皮层的V和DA中优先表示。 AIM 2解决了专业的解剖基础。非主观听觉区域获得了A1的许多皮质内连接，但它们比A1更专业。我们假设这种专业是由从A1内部到每个非主要领域的单独连接而产生的。我们将通过将不同的解剖示踪剂放置在兔子的非主要听觉皮质区域的频率匹配的位点上进行调查。将分析A1中标记的材料的分布，通过这种方式，AIM 2将确定A1和DA矿石之间的连接是否与A1和V之间的连接不同。听觉皮层的两个主要任务是确定“声音”和“''是什么”和''''的位置。该项目将确定听觉皮层不同区域中的神经元如何响应“什么”和“在哪里”信号以及它们的连接如何使它们能够做到这一点。该信息对于设计植入皮层的听力假肢系统至关重要。