Visual signals in auditory midbrain

听觉中脑的视觉信号

• 批准号: 7048798
• 负责人: JENNIFER M GROH
• 金额: $ 17.64万
• 依托单位: DARTMOUTH COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-01-01 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7048798
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; auditory cortex; auditory pathways; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; brain electrical activity; brain mapping; eye movements; illusions; inferior colliculus; mesencephalon; neural information processing; saccades; sound perception; space perception; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): What we see helps us interpret what we hear. Integrating visual and auditory information is a fundamental aspect of human behavior. Impairments in visual-auditory integration impact numerous aspects of human health, ranging from communication and language to attention and movements in a complicated environment. However, the neural basis of this ability is not well understood. Previous work in barn owls has focused on how the visual information is used to calibrate the representation of auditory space, and has implicated the inferior colliculus in this process. However, little is known about this area in primates. Rhesus monkeys have visual and auditory systems that are quite similar to humans, and serve as an excellent animal model for studying the neural mechanisms underlying visual-auditory integration. Visual-auditory integration in humans and monkeys is different from barn owls because primates can move their eyes whereas barn owls cannot. Thus, primate visual auditory integration requires three signals: visual, auditory, and eye position signals. It has long been known that the primate IC contains auditory information, and we have recently shown that it contains eye position information (Groh et al., Neuron, 2001). Here, we turn to visual information in this structure. We have recently discovered robust visual responses in the IC of awake monkeys. In this proposal, we seek to study the properties of these visual responses and how they relate to auditory and eye position information in this brain region. Specifically, we aim to (1) characterize the visual response properties (Aim 1), (2) determine the frame of reference of these visual responses (Aim 2), and determine how IC neurons respond to combined visual and auditory stimuli, especially when a spatial disparity between these stimuli produces a ventriloquism affect/aftereffect (Aim 3). The mechanisms of visual influence over auditory processing investigated here bear on a variety of disorders involving both visual and auditory components, such as dyslexia and autism. These experiments will yield a greater understanding of subcortical mechanisms for visual-auditory integration within the auditory pathway and may ultimately lead to treatment regimens to help ameliorate the deficits experienced by patients with these disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们看到的帮助我们解释了听到的信息。整合视觉和听觉信息是人类行为的基本方面。视觉原理整合的障碍会影响人类健康的许多方面，从沟通和语言到复杂环境中的注意力以及运动。但是，这种能力的神经基础尚不清楚。谷仓猫头鹰的先前工作重点是如何使用视觉信息来校准听觉空间的表示，并在此过程中暗示了下丘。但是，对于灵长类动物中的这一领域知之甚少。恒河猴的视觉和听觉系统与人类非常相似，并且是研究视觉原理整合的神经机制的出色动物模型。人类和猴子中的视觉原理整合与谷仓猫头鹰不同，因为灵长类动物可以移动眼睛，而谷仓猫头鹰不能移动。因此，灵长类动物的视觉听觉集成需要三个信号：视觉，听觉和眼睛位置信号。长期以来，灵长类动物IC包含听觉信息，并且我们最近表明它包含眼睛位置信息（Groh等，Neuron，2001）。在这里，我们转向此结构中的视觉信息。我们最近在清醒猴子的IC中发现了强大的视觉反应。在此提案中，我们试图研究这些视觉反应的特性，以及它们与该大脑区域中听觉和眼睛位置信息的关系。具体而言，我们的目的是（1）表征视觉响应特性（AIM 1），（2）确定这些视觉反应的参考框架（AIM 2），并确定IC神经元如何响应视觉和听觉刺激的组合，尤其是当这些刺激之间的空间差异会产生腹膜术会影响/后效率（AIM 3）。此处调查的视觉影响的视觉影响机制涉及各种涉及视觉和听觉成分（例如阅读障碍和自闭症）的疾病。这些实验将对听觉途径内视觉原理整合的皮层下机制有更多的了解，并最终可能导致治疗方案，以帮助改善这些疾病患者所经历的缺陷。