Information Preservation in Neural Codes

神经代码中的信息保存

• 批准号: 10628016
• 负责人: JENNIFER M GROH
• 金额: $ 54.87万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-06-01 至 2027-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10628016
• 关键词: Affect; Afferent Neurons; Area; Attention; Attention Deficit Disorder; Auditory; Behavioral; Brain; Central Auditory Processing Disorder; Code; Cognition; Communication; Complex; Data; Data Set; Disease; Electrodes; Exhibits; Eye Movements; Health; Individual; Inferior Colliculus; Joints; Measures; Mind; Modeling; Motor; Motor Skills; Neurons; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Population; Presbycusis; Property; Research; Saccades; Sensory; Series; Short-Term Memory; Stimulus; Stream; Structure; Taxes; Testing; Time; Visual; Visual Pathways; analysis pipeline; auditory pathway; auditory processing; autism spectrum disorder; behavioral response; experimental study; improved; insight; member; multimodality; neural; novel; organizational structure; preservation; response; sample fixation; sensory stimulus; superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina; tool

PROJECT SUMMARY Many things happen at once - there are always abundant stimuli to be perceived, items to be remembered, and courses of action to be planned. While considerable research has explored how our brains screen out the onslaught, we know less about how information about multiple stimuli is preserved despite limitations in neural processing capacity. This proposal explores potential brain mechanisms that may play a role in such information preservation. We recently found evidence that neural populations contain fluctuating activity patterns: some neurons alternate between encoding one stimulus and encoding another on a sub-second to second time scale. We now seek to understand the organizing principles through which such fluctuating activity patterns serve to preserve and/or select information. Specifically, we will test how such fluctuating activity patterns are coordinated with other neurons across sensory and motor representations, and whether/how they contribute to performance of information- preserving vs. information-selecting (attention) tasks. We will focus on one structure previously implicated in information preservation - the inferior colliculus, which is an essential node of the auditory processing stream through which nearly all ascending auditory information must pass, and one structure previously implicated in information selection - the superior colliculus, a multimodal brain area that has been shown to play a role in controlling eye movements and spatial attention. We will specifically focus on (a) how fluctuations depend on the overlap in the population of neurons potentially driven by each stimulus; (b) how fluctuations are coordinated across neurons; and (c) whether and how these properties are affected by neural and behavioral contexts taxing either the ability to preserve multiple stimuli or select individual stimuli to guide a behavioral response. Recordings will be conducted with multiple electrodes, allowing the assessment of coordinated fluctuation patterns via novel statistical approaches. These experiments will yield important insights into how neural representations operate when challenged with multiple stimuli. The ability to keep multiple items in mind is central to communication, working memory, attention, and sensory-motor skills, and it may be adversely affected in disorders such as attention-deficit disorder, autism, central auditory processing disorder, and age-related hearing loss.

项目概要 许多事情同时发生——总是有大量的刺激物需要感知，物品需要处理 被记住，并计划行动方案。虽然大量研究已 探索我们的大脑如何筛选出攻击，我们对信息如何进行了解较少 尽管神经处理能力有限，但多种刺激仍被保留。这个提议 探索可能在此类信息保存中发挥作用的潜在大脑机制。 我们最近发现的证据表明神经群体包含波动的活动模式： 一些神经元在亚秒内交替编码一种刺激和编码另一种刺激 到第二个时间尺度。我们现在试图了解这样的组织原则 波动的活动模式用于保存和/或选择信息。具体来说，我们将测试 这种波动的活动模式如何与感觉和神经元之间的其他神经元协调 运动表征，以及它们是否/如何有助于信息表现- 保存任务与信息选择（注意）任务。之前我们将重点关注一种结构 与信息保存有关的 - 下丘，它是大脑的重要节点 几乎所有上行听觉信息都必须通过的听觉处理流， 以及先前与信息选择有关的一种结构——上丘， 多模式大脑区域已被证明在控制眼球运动和 空间注意力。 我们将特别关注（a）波动如何取决于人口重叠 每个刺激都可能驱动神经元； (b) 如何协调波动 神经元； (c) 这些特性是否以及如何受到神经和行为的影响 环境对保留多种刺激的能力或选择单个刺激来指导的能力进行了考验 行为反应。记录将使用多个电极进行，从而允许 通过新颖的统计方法评估协调波动模式。 这些实验将对神经表征如何运作产生重要的见解 当受到多种刺激的挑战时。记住多个项目的能力是核心 沟通、工作记忆、注意力和感觉运动技能，这可能会产生不利影响 受到注意力缺陷障碍、自闭症、中枢听觉处理等疾病的影响 障碍和与年龄相关的听力损失。